Description
Please fix the attached three works, and also add the follow missing information:
1-lit review
Note: almost all of your sentences would have citations. These need to be modified. You have a have a huge problem here, you wrote your medical researchers paper, you are the public health provider and needed to added food insecurity, you have a lot of revisions to do, you were also suppose to write about legislation related to this issue.
2-methods and results
Note: This portion of the paper needs to take the legislation you spoke about in your lit review and prose charges and predict the outcome.
-You have to find examples- support the evidence mentioned
-Statistics/ data of how many people in the U.S has food insecurity
-Missing two visuals-propose a political change( like the one making food prettier/ trade policies then propose solution
-say what the policy changes is – then state how you’re going to fix
-Educate people on how just because it not pretty it’s not healthy
-the sell by data level- educate that is not to throw away
-Trade policies supermarket donation
-Change the standards for produce
-Talk about what will happen if you change those things and what is the differences of % between before and after this happen( how much food waste are now)
-compare U.S food waste to other country
Use this information(6 billion of ugly food are waste, 200 million of cherries, and 40 billion of supermarket- total of food waste- 46.200.000.000
Add this chart, and talk about it
3-Conclutions
Note: you need to be more specific in your righting, your paper is written well but does not have the required detail for the reader to know specifically what your position is, you need more substance in your paper, you are just tip toeing around the topic.
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Explanation & Answer
Attached.
Running head: FOOD WASTE AND OBESITY
Food Waste and Obesity
Mileidy Jimenez
West Coast University
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FOOD WASTE AND OBESITY
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Abstract
The problem of food insecurity is one that is caused by the food wastages that is limiting
the access of certain members of the population to access the nutrients for their development.
This issue has necessitated regarding the dietary deficiency of the people has increased the need
to formulate strategies that would increase access to healthy foods. Food insecurity is impacted
by the increase in poverty and unemployment rates, and it reduces the access to quality foods.
The problem of shortage of food supplied to a segment of the population that needs them is
related to the increase in cases of obesity as the foods that people can afford have less dietary
quality leading to the increase of calorie intake. It is important that there is observation of the
climatic changes that contributes to food insecurities. Therefore, changes in public policies
regarding the practices of the entities and individual responsible for food insecurity through
wastages can help address the problem.
The increase in the level of obesity in society has become a health epidemic, as it is associated
with different diseases. Unemployment and poverty rates are known to contribute to the increase
in obesity as a large percentage of the population is unable to afford quality food. It creates a
need to come up with measures that will help in the reduction of the risks that the society
continues to face. The proposed policy changes for addressing the problem of food insecurity are
prohibition of the disposal of certain food products by supermarkets, increased distribution of
food items trough charitable causes, and limitation of food production levels by industrial farms
through utilization of consumer preference data. Also, there is focus on the increase of food
security and education of farmers on specific needs of the population.
FOOD WASTE AND OBESITY
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Literature Review
Obesity has become an epidemic in the United States. As a health issue, it has continually
put people at risks of associated health disorders regardless of their age or socio-economic status.
It has been identified as one cause of a poor, unhealthy population. In recent years, the
prevalence among the population has been reported to decline (McFarlane, 2009). However, the
number and the level of obesity among preschool-aged children are still high. In a study
conducted recently, it was established from a sample population that children between the age of
5 and 19 were obese, and 70% tested positive for one or more opportunistic diseases.
People with obesity are more likely to be pre-diabetic, which is a condition that involves
an increase in the level of blood glucose in the blood. Children and adolescents that are
overweight have a high risk of developing other ill-health conditions such as joint pains and
sleep apnea problems (Adegboye et al., 2010). In most cases, obese individuals are likely to have
social and psychological problems like poor self-esteem and stigmatization.
Obesity has affected children across all classes, but it is more dominant among children
from the middle and low classes. The health department has moved in to minimize the cases of
type-2-diabetes, stroke, heart disease, several types of cancer, and osteoarthritis. It has also been
established that 80% of obese children and adolescents will be obese at adults, exposing them to
the above health risks (Baur, Hazelton, & Shrewsbury, 2011). The aim of this paper is to analyze
the literature behind obesity.
Social health scientists have been working on methods of reducing the increasing rates of
obesity, but the fight has born little results. There are many causes of obesity among children and
adolescents. First, hereditary factors are among the greatest elements analyzed as a source for
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obesity. According to Van (2012), the result of various empirical studies showed that children
with a body mass index of 25 that represent 40percent of all case of child obesity had inherited
genes that predispose them to become overweight. Meanwhile, Sweeting (2008) argued that the
genetic element in the development of childhood obesity is negligible since there is no evidence
to show a rate higher than 5percent. Therefore, genetics can assume a part in the advancement of
obesity, but it is not the reason for the increasing rate childhood obesity in the United States.
Rudolph (2013) explained that the lifestyle of people is an additional dimension that is
connected to the increase in the number of cases of obesity. Also, the food accessibility and the
inclinations of relatives can affect the types of food that a person consumes. In other instances, it
is the family's living situation and physical inactive that contribute to the development of obesity
(Rudolph, 2013). Meanwhile, the high consumption of fast food has been linked with obesity in
the current era. Numerous families, particularly those with both parents employed far from
home, settle on fast food restaurants. The selection of these fast foods is also facilitated by the
sense that most kids prefer the addictive taste of the food items served in these restaurants. For
example, statistical data from different sources show that there are more than 300,000 fast food
outlets in the United States today. These fast food restaurants provide an easy avenue to access
high-calorie meals that increase the chances of weight gain by consumers.
O’Dea & Wilson (2006) stated that despite the preference of most Americans for meals
served by quick service restaurants, the high-calorie diets rarely provide much health benefits to
the people that consume them. Rather, they acquire excess energy from them that are not
required for the inactive lifestyle. Therefore, the foods components after digestions are stored as
fat on body linings, muscles, and along blood veins thereby constitute health hazards to the
consumers of unhealthy meals.
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Many parents with obese children consider it as just baby fat. However, if they continue
to be obese throughout their adolescent years, then there is the likelihood that they will be obese
as adults.This may cause detrimental health problems such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and
noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Challenges developed when a child is obese later turn to
be diseases at adulthood. The health problems transferred by being obese include heart diseases,
gallbladder issues, diabetes, cancer, sleep apnoea, and osteoarthritis.
The American Obesity Association pointed out that children and teenagers with obesity
are 12.6 times more likely to have high amounts of fasting insulin, which is a threat for type-2
diabetes (O'Dea and Wilson, 2006). When a person develops this condition, it becomes difficult
to control other opportunistic diseases related to the contracted disease. When eventually one is
put under medication, the survival chances start to decline due to medicinal side effects. Having
a large weight may also cause bone and joint problems facilitate by the lack of strength. The
American Obesity Association says that children grow bone and sinews, which might not be
adequately strong to hold excess weight.
In his article on childhood obesity, Reilly (2005) noted that overweight girls and young
women are at a higher risk of experiencing negative socio-demographic encounters. Women are
more likely to develop psychological and social problems whenever they have an abnormal
condition as compared to men. As such, women suffering from obesity have the potential to
develop challenges propagated by obesity due to their psychological torture.
Annually, since the advancement of technology and availability of televisions in almost
all homes in the United States, obesity has been rising steadily. The sedentary lifestyle that is
characterized by increasing television time or playing of video games has contributed to the
rising cases of childhood obesity (Hall, Guo, Dore, & Chow, 2009). The trend these days is to
FOOD WASTE AND OBESITY
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see children preferring to watch television all day than going to the park for recreational and
physical activities that would increase the rate of combustion of excess calories. According to
information from the Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC), obesity had more than
doubled from 15% in 1980 to 31% in 2000. Sharma (2006) argued that this rise can be tied to the
technological developments during this period, which is supported by the fact that individuals
would rather use the elevator than climbing the stair in high rise buildings. Further, an additional
explanation for the above data is the automation of most basic household chores that would
require physical activities. The consequence is the failure of children to engage in physical
activities that would help maintain the proper body development.
Unfortunately, people often fail to see the real problem or only turn their head to the
solutions. Obese children and teenagers have a higher possibility of developing health issues like
heart disease, diabetes, cancer, stroke, sleep apnea, and osteoarthritis (Buzby & Hyman, 2012).
Sadly, these are just a few of the long list of health troubles. However, obesity does not always
have to be the result. It should be a personal initiative to schedule exercises in a daily or frequent
activities.
Recommendations
Medical experts posit that there is a need to tackle the obesity epidemic immediately
since it has been identified as one of the causes of several poor health outcomes in the society.
There are sociological ties related to obesity and is dispassionately characterized by body weight
list that appears to be extremely constrained. However, there might be a need to examine how
social elements affect the view of weight within families. There has been identified a striking
difference between gender and the variables of obesity as it has been reported. To achieve an
obese free society, it is important to analyze the conceivable causes in the look for sustainable
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solutions. The level of these causes also varies, and the approach would be different with unique
solutions.
Studies have set the change of social life as the major approach to minimizing obese
cases. Further, the approach towards obese people should be such that there is no rebuking or
being sluggish towards them as there is a likelihood of lowering their self-esteem (Murray &
Battista, 2009). Conclusively, the people need to schedule diets that are more beneficial and
ensure that there are adequate physical exercises all the time. The media, advertisers, parents and
schools need to assume their roles through the advancement of physical action and adhering to a
proper diet, and not have garbage food and computer games as promptly accessible to the kids.
Methods and Results
Food is an essential resource for human survival but not readily available to people in
certain parts of the world due to the activities of others. Gustavsson et al. (2011) stated that food
wastages in some developed countries that are caused by several factors including cultural and
economic ones are resulting in food insecurity in nations that lack the capacity to produce the
required quantity due to environmental conditions. The fact that some of the environmental
problems, such as drought and flooding are caused by the industrial processes used to generate
foods that are not consumed makes the situation unfair to these developing nations.
Meanwhile, the resource-dependent industrial farming practices of developed nations are
producing food products that are not only contributing to the overweight crises experienced by
their citizens but leading to wastages that exacerbate the current climate problems that nations of
the world have to deal with (Gustavsson et al., 2011). They contend that almost one- third of the
edible parts of food produced globally for human consumption go to waste annually. A study by
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SIWI noted that food losses and wastage could be as high as 50percent from the field to fork
while thirty - fifty percent of all food produced (1.2 to 2 billion tons) is lost before being
consumed by man (Fox, 2013).
Food accessibility is dependent on cost, nutrient quality and a number of calories it gives
while obesity is the dependent on food availability. The entire American population was used as
the control experiment as depending on the lifestyles led and food eaten, the population will
either end up obese or not. Lundqvist (2008) explained that in the United States, many stores and
supermarkets usually dump food, which is good enough to be taken by the less fortunate in the
society. Many dumpster divers which include the students and the slum dwellers usually try to
find their way to the dumpsters to acquire a good amount, but this...