structural characteristics of plant cells , biology homework help

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Anineeb831

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Lab 3 questions

1. Using outside sources, write a brief description of the structure of an onion. What are the layers? What other structures can you define?

2. Write a complete list of structural characteristics of plant cells (cell walls, chloroplasts, etc). Indicate which of these characteristics are shared by animal cells. Also, separately list any characteristics of animal cells that plant cells lack.

3. It would be challenging to calculate the average length of the onion cells without a microscope, but it could be done. They vary from less than 100 micrometers to more than 300 micrometers, averaging about 250 micrometers.

A. How big is a micrometer, expressed in millimeters?
B. How many micrometers are there in a millimeter?
C. If the onion cells are 250 micrometers in length, how many of these cells would fit end to end in a millimeter?

Lab 4

1. Celery and Vascular Bundles: Write a short description of the process whereby the colored water rises in the vascular bundles, being sure to include important cell types and mechanisms involved. Review the page on the transpiration stream and the cohesion/tension theory on the course website, Plant Stucture: Primary Structure of Shoots and Leaves

Lab 5

Introduction
1. List the characteristics of plants classified in the Class Eudicotyledonae of the Phylum

2. List the characteristics of plants classified in the Class Monocotyledonae of the Phylum .

3. List the characteristics of root hairs.

4. List the macronutrients obtained from the soil that are absorbed by plant root hairs.

5. Name the functions of nitrogen and phosphorus in the plant.

6. What is the function of stomata.

Lab 6

Write a brief (at least 250 words) description of the process of secondary growth in trees.

Lab 7

Introduction
Briefly describe the life cycle of a typical fern, and in a following paragraph, note also the importance of the fact that fern gametophytes are "alga-like" and produce swimming sperms(review the appropriate paragraphs above, which address this issue). This answer must be at least 250 words in length.

Lab 8

. Briefly describe where you found the tree(s) you chose to study and photograph for this lab. Identify the species of this pine. Pines are most commonly identified by the number of needles per fascicle and the size and shape of the seed cones, so be sure to note (and photograph) those characteristics specifically. In the parks and neighborhoods of Goleta and Santa Barbara the most common species planted include Monterey Pine, Canary Island Pine, and Aleppo Pine. Along Camino Cielo Road in the Santa Ynez Mountains above Santa Barbara you will find Coulter Pines. In the San Rafael Mountains behind Lake Cachuma grow Coulter Pines, Sugar Pines and Ponderosa Pines. If you find a species not listed here, be sure to tell me where you found it.

2. Review the pine life cycle diagram in the textbook, and make a list of ways in which this life cycle is similar to the life cycle of ferns, and another list of ways in which it differs. ( use this website to read textbook review:http://botanynotes.net/botany/index.htm( User: K00751116- Login: laurel

And on top you will see where it says plant diversity and preface, biology ect.. those are the chapthers for text book ( just click on one ). (Also Lab 9 use website).

Lab 9

Briefly (but at least 250 words) describe what a flower is, and the morphological origin of each of the flower parts, (review Anthophyta in the textbook).

Lab 10

1. Write a brief (at least 250 words) description of, and give examples of, the various seed dispersal mechanisms that have evolved in flowering plants.

2. Provide the scientific names of the cucumber, tomato, orange, apple, banana and name the country or region of origin of each of them (hint: Be careful here; apples did not originate in Washington, nor did oranges originate in Florida).

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Explanation & Answer

Attached.

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Student’s Name
Professor’s Name
Subject
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Lab Questions
Lab 3
1. An onion is a multicellular plant organism. As in every plant cells, the cell of an onion peel
consists of a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, core nucleus and a large vacuole. The core
is present at the periphery of the cytoplasm. The vacuole is prominent and current at the
center of the cell. Cytoplasm surrounds it. The presence of a cell wall and a large vacuole are
indicators that help recognize plant cells, such as seen in the onion skin. Cell wall-The cell
wall is rigid and is composed of cellulose fiber, polysaccharides, and proteins. In spite of the
rigidity of the cell wall, chemical signals and cellular excretions are allowed to pass between
cells.
2. –has cell wall but the animal cells which offers the external protection lack the cell walls
-plasma membrane which controls the movement of the solution in and out of the plant cell
-plasmodesmata which form the pathway for the flow of solutions in a plant cell
-cytoplasm which includes all contents of the plant
-vacuoles which maintain the turgor pressure between the cells of the plant

Surname: 2

-cell nucleus which is found both in plant and animal cell which controls the activities of the
cells
-chloroplast which lacks in the animal cells but which is essential in plant cell

3. A millimeter is a metric unit and equal to one thousandth of a meter. Spelled as a
millimeter in most of the countries. The abbreviation is "mm."

A micrometer is a metric unit and usually used for precise measurement of small distances in
engineering and machining. The abbreviation is "µm."

1 Millimeter = 1 000 Micrometers

If 1 millimeter -1000micrometer

What of 250 micrometers

250/1000

0.25millimeters

Lab 4

Thick-walled, often empty cells located on the inside of vascular bundle. They carry water
and nutrients up the plant, and their thick walls give the plant support. The outer layer of the
xylem is living.
Progression of rising stream
Transpiration- as water evaporates from the leaves of plants, a vacuum is created that pulls
water up the stem vessel action- any solution inside a thin tube will raise due to its surface

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tension of the liquid and interactions between the liquid and the tube.
Root pressure- water entering the root hairs exerts a pressure that pushes water up the stem.

Lab 5
1. This class is named by the defining peculiarity of its associate, having two cotyledons.
Other characteristics of these organisms include: having flower parts arranged in fours or
fives, webbed leaf veins, and vascular bundles arranged in a hoop.
2.-Leaf form oblong or linear, often sheathed at base, petiole seldom developed, stipules
absent. Major leaf veins usually parallel
-Primary root of short duration, replaced by the adventitial roots shaping the robust or the
fleshy root systems
-Numerous scattered bundles in ground parenchyma, cambium rarely any departure the fla...


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