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TOPIC: The pharmaceutical industry’s role in the Opiate addiction epidemic.
Find at least 15 articles that are related to your topic and specific role. Create an annotated
bibliography. For each reference list a minimum of 3 relevant, specific and detailed pieces of
information rewritten in your own words, that will be helpful as you progress through the course
(relevant statistics, current treatment, legislation, history).
Submit using APA citation
Role: Public Health Professional
Look for
1. Articles published by non-profit, health, agricultural and environmental organizations or
coalitions that are already involved in your topic (for or against). It might not be a bad idea to
see what the opposition’s position is. These most likely will not be sources for a literature review
but often reference studies that are peer reviewed or governmental agency reports which you
will be able to use.
2. Published articles by investigative journals like BBC, PBS, NPR, Huffington Post, New York Times
or Washington Post can also help you to get your feet wet. Again, these will not be sources for a
literature review but often reference studies that are peer reviewed or governmental agency
reports
3. Lobbying groups that have influenced policy makers to create legislation that has led to the
threat of a health care crisis.
4. Documentaries related to your topic. Again, these will not be sources for a literature review but
often reference studies that are peer reviewed or governmental agency reports.
5. Information on current legislation and laws related to your topic
Keep your role in mind during the investigation
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Medical care provider – you will be identifying the toxin or nutrient imbalance and will also be
an expert the disease and current treatment
Epidemiologist/ Sociologist – you will be making the link between the human activity and the
health related issue. You will be an expert in the social or ecological environment depending on
your topic.
Scientist- you will be creating a revolutionary treatment and will be an expert in the
pathophysiology of the disease as well as research and development.
Public Health Educator- you will be providing the history of the industry / institution involved in
causing the health related issue, be an expert in legislation and provide alternative education
material to prevent the public health or social issue.
Some organizations and documentaries include but are not limited to
Reliable Sources
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Pubmed
World Health Organization
Food and Agricultural Organization
Non-GMO project
Nurtitionfacts.org – can be used a source
but not a documentary
Institute for Integrative Medicine
Ecowatch
Center for Biological Diversity
Food and Water Watch
Center for Food Safety
The Institute for Responsible Medicine
Physicians’ Committee for Responsible
Medicine
Dietitians for Professional integrity
Comfortably Unaware
NextGen Climate
The Guardian
Institute for agricultural trade policy
Civil Eats
PBS
UDSA reports
CDC reports
FDA reports
Example:
Annotated Bibliography
1. Sarah Yang, Media relations | September 15, 2015September 21, 2015, & Yang, S. (2015,
September 21). Virus in cattle linked to human breast cancer. Retrieved March 30, 2017, from
http://news.berkeley.edu/2015/09/15/bovine-leukemia-virus-breast-cancer
2.
3.
4.
5.
a. Researchers analyzed tissue from 239 women for the presence of BLV and compared
the sample from women with and without breast cancer. 59% of women with breast
cancer samples had evidence of exposure
b. 29% of the tissue samples from women without breast cancer had been exposed to the
virus
c. Department of Agriculture found 100% of bulk milk tanks contained the virus. Smaller
farms 83% of the milk was contaminated
d. This odds ratio is higher than other publicized risk factor (obesity, drinking, menopause)
e. Treatment could be shifted to prevention instead of reactionary
Options in controlling BLV. (n.d.). Retrieved April 03, 2017, from http://blv.msu.edu/
a. Unsuccessful at creating a vaccine at this time
b. Options for controlling BLV: more sanitary conditions within the herds = not using the
same needle, use only BLV negative cattle for breading, change gloves during exams,
clean equipment with blood on it (dehorning, tattooing)
c. Bovine leukemia has been eradicated from 12 European countries yet the US has done
little to act
A. (2013, October 31). Agriculture and Health Policies in Conflict: How Subsidies Tax our
Health: Government Support for Unhealthful Foods. Retrieved April 03, 2017, from
http://www.pcrm.org/health/reports/agriculture-and-health-policies-unhealthfulfoodsAgriculture and
a. Commodity crops like corn, soy, barley, oats, sorghum, cotton, wheat, rice are receive
the majority of federal farming subsidies
b. Dairy has its own federal subsidy programs
c. USDA refers to fresh veggies and fruit as specialty crops and does not receive subsidies.
d. If you grow commodity crops you cannot grow specialty crops
A. (2016, January 26). Health Concerns about Dairy Products. Retrieved April 03, 2017, from
http://www.pcrm.org/health/diets/vegdiets/health-concerns-about-dairy-products
a. Clinical research shows dairy has no benefit for bones
b. High levels of IGF-1 has been linked with milk consumption and cancer
c. A large portion of people are lactose intolerant – Asians (95%), Native Americans (75%),
African Americans (70%).
d. Is a source of contamination like hormones, plastics and viruses
Bovine leukemia virus. (January 7, 2017). Wikipedia. Retrieved January 15, 2017, From
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bovine_leukemia_virus
a. Retrovirus that interrogates its self into the genome of the host in the lymph
b. Contains an oncogene HTLV 1 &2 that codes for a protein TAX
c. TAX interferes with the cell cycle and genetic integrity by blocking cellular pathways
AND TEN MORE