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Running head: CDC case study lab disease
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CDC case study lab disease:
Name:
Institution affiliation:
Date:
CDC case study lab disease
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CANCER
1.
Introduction/Objective
Cancer means abnormal cells divide without control & can invade other tissues. Cancer
cells can spread to other body parts through the blood & lymph systems. There are more than
100 types of cancer, including breast cancer, skin cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, prostate
cancer, Cervical cancer, Ovarian cancer, Uterine cancer and Vaginal and vulvar cancers
(Bradbury et-al 2010).
New cases of cancer can be prevented by screening in order to identify the cancer
diseases at an early stage when treatment works best. Vaccination can also be done to help lower
cancer risk i.e. human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine aids in preventing most cervical cancers &
several other types of cancer, & the hepatitis B vaccine can assist to lower liver cancer risk.
Finally, cancer risk can also to prevented by adopting preventive lifestyles like avoiding tobacco,
limiting alcohol use, protecting your skin from the sun and avoiding indoor tanning, eating a diet
rich in fruits and vegetables, keeping a healthy weight, and being physically active.
Every year, cancer claims the lives of more than half a million Americans. Cancer is
among the leading causes of death in the United States, exceeded only by heart disease. Cancer
causes at least 1 of every 4 deaths in the US. Therefore, there is need to address this problem.
2.
Materials and Methods
The data for cancer was obtained from various materials which include; United Sates
Cancer Statistics, Interactive Cancer Atlas, CDC WONDER, State Cancer Facts, U.S. County
Cancer Incidence Datasheet, National Center for Health Statistics Data Center and Health
Insurance Coverage Status by Age, Race, Hispanic Origin, Sex, and Income for Counties and
States.
CDC case study lab disease
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The information was retrieved by observing the data trends on graphs, tables, maps and
data sheets over the years particularly from 2009 – 2013.
3.
Results
Table 1 shows data for the types of cancer grouped in terms of race and ethnicity in the
United States in 2013. Table 2 indicates incidences of various types of cancer grouped in terms
of State and Region in the US in 2013. Table 3 shows incidences of cancer which mostly
affected children at the age of 0 -19 years in the US in 2013 while table 4 shows incidences of
brain cancers that occurred in the US in 2013. Finally, figure 1 shows a graph of the most
common top 10 cancers which occurred in the US in 2013 while figure 2 a comparison graph for
State and National of the top 10 cancers which occurred in the US 2013.
2013 Types of Cancer Grouped by Race & Ethnicity
Table 1: Age-Adjusted Aggressive Cancer Occurrence Rates & 95% Confidence Intervals by
Primary Site, Race & Ethnicity, United States.
Data sites
All
Races
White
Black
All Combined
Cancer Sites
(Data By Age)
All Combined
Cancer Sites
Oral Cavity &
Pharynx (Data
By Age)
Digestive
System
Respiratory
System
439.0
439.3
443.6
Asian/Pacific American
Hispanic
Islander
Indian/Alaska
Native
284.0
276.4
340.6
432.4
432.6
438.1
279.4
272.9
335.4
11.5
11.8
9.0
7.8
7.1
6.7
78.2
75.5
94.9
70.1
63.3
78.3
63.6
64.4
66.2
36.8
43.8
34.6
CDC case study lab disease
Bones and
Joints (Data
By Age)
Soft Tissue
like Heart
Skin excluding
Basal &
Squamous
Male and
Female
Breast (Data
By Age)
Female Genital
System
Male Genital
System
Urinary
System
Eye and Orbit
Brain & Other
Nervous
System (Data
By Age)
Endocrine
System
Lymphomas
Myeloma
(Data By Age)
Leukemias
(Data By Age)
Mesothelioma
(Data By Age)
Kaposi
Sarcoma Data
By Age
Miscellaneous
Male and
Female Breast
4
0.9
1.0
0.8
0.5
0.7
0.9
3.3
3.2
3.3
2.4
2.4
2.9
22.4
25.1
2.0
1.9
6.1
5.2
66.3
66.0
70.1
49.9
38.6
49.6
48.6
49.1
46.7
35.8
34.2
45.0
108.2
100.1
166.9
55.0
58.3
92.8
36.9
38.3
29.7
16.4
24.3
27.5
0.8
6.5
0.9
7.0
0.3
4.0
0.3
3.6
~
3.0
0.5
5.1
15.3
15.8
10.2
15.7
8.3
13.6
21.1
6.3
21.6
5.6
16.4
12.8
13.6
3.7
10.9
3.7
19.0
6.0
13.2
13.6
10.1
7.1
7.3
10.6
0.9
1.0
0.4
0.3
~
0.7
0.4
0.3
0.7
0.2
~
0.6
15.7
16.3
15.8
15.9
15.2
18.2
9.8
15.5
10.7
7.2
13.1
12.0
2013 Cancer Types Grouped by State and Region
CDC case study lab disease
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Table2: Age-Adjusted Aggressive Cancer Occurrence Rates & 95% Confidence Intervals by
Census, Region & Division, State, Metropolitan Area, Race & Ethnicity, United States.
Geographic Area All Races
White
Black
Hispanic
United States
439.0
439.3
443.6
340.6
United States
(comparable to
ICD-O-2)
432.4
432.6
438.1
335.4
478.5
481.7
447.7
401.7
New Eng...