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- Briefly define the concept of Black Nationalism. What are some of the critical factors according to Allen that helped shaped the movements for Black Nationalism List and explain at-least three? (20 points)
- Trace the evolution and development of Black Nationalism. Please provide illustrations using Booker T. Washington; Marcus Garvey – the Nation of Islam, Malcolm X, Paul Cuffee and the 1815-1816 movements. Please provide clarity and scope of coverage. (20points).
- Briefly define the idea and concept of slave reparation for African Americans. Compare this to reparation for Jews during the WWII Holocaust and Reparations for Japanese for internment during WWII. (20 points)
- From the Ogletree article or reparation, describe the four period of Advocacy for slave reparation as defined by Vincent Verdun: 15pts
- Briefly describe how you would design the distribution of reparation dollars (400 billion) for exslaved African Americans. What problems would you attack? Please provide at least ten examples or illustrations (15 points)
2. List and explain at-least two court cases filed by African Americans to gain reparation for suffering during the period of enslavement. Please provide details of the cases and indicate what decisions were reached by the court on these cases (10pts).
PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR EXAM IN 4 TO 6 DOUBLE SPACED TYPED PAGES. USE ANY AND ALL SOURCES YOU FEEL ARE NECESSARY IN ORDER TO FULLY ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.
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Running head: BLACK NATIONALISM
BLACK NATIONALISM
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BLACK NATIONALISM
Black Nationalism Movements
Black Nationalism is a social and political movement of the 1960’s, whose roots can be
traced to the United States of America, with the aim of giving African Americans some national
identity. While civil rights leaders such as Martin Luther King fought for integration in the
country, others advocated for separatism and this gave rise to Black Nationalism, built on the
basic precept that people of color would never achieve true equality in the United States. Black
Nationalism was therefore meant to achieve racial solidarity, black self-help and economic selfsufficiency.
Factors that Shaped Black Nationalism Movements
1. Racial exclusion
This is one of the factors that informed and shaped the Black Nationalism movements
because the Afro-Americans had experienced forcible exclusion from society by a covertly and
overtly exploitative and racist White community. The periods of terror and repression in the
United States made it apparent that equal participation was impossible in times of crisis and this
pushed people like Marcus Garvey to spread the notion of Black Nationalism.
2. Negro Urbanization
Negro urbanization and the settlement events that followed the civil war helped in
spreading Black Nationalism movements. Immigration was already out of the topic as blacks
eventually earned their citizenship and settlement in urban centers, an aspect that reshaped
Garvey’s movement. The mass movements were initiated from the cities, unlike in ancient times
when the Negro society resided in rural areas. During these moments, Garvey and other
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BLACK NATIONALISM
proponents of Black Nationalism were never subject to mass suggestions unless it was done in
revivals and camps.
3. The need for African Redemption
A greater part of the Negro society and Christian believers had a strong connection with
Africa, with the belief that they could not prosper socially and economically unless Africa was
free from colonial oppression (Harris, 2001). Garvey believed that it is the African freedom that
would guarantee success in other parts of the world. In order for black salvation to take off,
Garvey resorted to economic progression through the establishment of businesses, companies
and militant groups which helped to spread Black Nationalism even further.
The Evolution and Development of Black Nationalism
Martin Delany was the founde...
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