Description
slides on neonatal sepsis
Explanation & Answer
Attached.
NEONATAL SEPSIS
GIDEON KOLESH MED 6
Objectives
Define early and late onset sepsis
Describe the pathogens that occur in early
and late onset sepsis
Describe the risk factors for neonatal sepsis
Create a differential for neonatal sepsis
Describe the workup for neonatal sepsis
Know empiric treatment for neonatal sepsis
Introduction
Neonatal sepsis is a clinical syndrome
of systemic illness accompanied by
bacteremia in the first month of life
Neonatal sepsis is a common cause of
morbidity and mortality
Importance
Neonatal sepsis is the single most
important cause of neonatal deaths in
the community, accounting for over
half of them
If diagnosed early and treated
aggressively with antibiotics and good
supportive care, it is possible to save
most cases of neonatal sepsis.
Classification
Early Onset Sepsis (EOS):
– Culture proven infection within the first
72 hours of life
Late Onset Sepsis (LOS):
– Culture proven infection after 72 hours of
life
– Sepsis, UTI, pneumonia, meningitis,
osteomyelitis, NEC
Incidence
1-5/1000 live births in developed
countries
6-23/1000 live births in developing
countries
Higher incidence of neonatal sepsis in
VLBWs
2% infection in utero
10% infection in the 1st month of life
Mortality rate is high (13-25%)
Risk factors
Maternal
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Prolonged/premature ROM (>18 hrs)
Maternal GBS colonization
Chorioamnionitis
> 6 digital VE during labor with PROM
Poor or no ANC
Intrapartum asphyxia
Maternal infection I.e. UTI
Toxemia
Fetal/Neonatal
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Prematurity
Male sex
Twinning – esp 2nd twin
Galactosemia
Low apgar score = asphyxia
Omphalitis
Developmental/congenital immune defects
Congenital anomalies i.e. of urinary tract
Environmental
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Poor delivery techniques
Congestion of newborn units
Improper sanitation
Sick staff around newborns
Etiology: EOS
Early Onset Sepsis (EOS):
– Group B Streptococcus (GBS)
– E. Coli
– Listeria monocytogenes
– Streptococcus species ie. Viridans
– H. influenza
– N. gonorrheae, C. trachomatis, TB
Due to maternal or perinatal factors
Etiology: LOS
Lat...
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