Description
Procedure
Table 1 liststhenames of thedifferentforms of electromagneticradiationandtheirassociatedfrequencies. Thewavelengthandenergy of radiowaveshavebeencalculatedforyou. Determinethewavelengthsandenergies of theremainingforms, as follows:
- Foranywave—be it an oceanwave, a soundwave, or an electromagneticwave—thefollowingrelationshipholdstrue:
- wavelength x frequency = velocity.
- Electromagneticwavesalltravel at thespeed of light. Thus:
- wavelength (m) x frequency (Hz) = 3.00 x 108 m/s.
- To calculate wavelength, divide the speed of light by frequency.Recordyouranswers in Column 3. Theunitfortheresultingwavelengthwill be themeter (m).
- Becausethewavelengths of electromagneticwavesaresosmall, theyareoftenexpressed in nanometers, ratherthanmeters. TocompleteColumn 4, multiply the wavelengths in Column 3 by 1 x 109.
- Theenergies of electromagneticwaves can be calculatedbymultiplyingtheirfrequenciesby a constant, h, known as Planck'sconstant. That is,
- energy = h x frequency.
- Tocalculateenergy, multiply the frequency by 6.626 x 10-34 J·s.Recordyouranswers in Column 5. Theunitfortheresultingenergywill be thejoule.
- Noticethatvisiblelightmakesup a verysmallportion of theelectromagneticspectrum. Table 2 listsall of thecolors of visiblelightandtheirassociatedfrequencies. Repeatsteps 1-3 tocompleteTable 2. Thefirstrow has beencompletedforyou.
ElectromagneticSpectrum
NowthatyouhavecompletedTables 1 and 2, you can create a labeleddiagram of theelectromagneticspectrum. TheElectromagneticSpectrum (thediagram at theend of thisworksheet) indicatesthefrequenciesassociatedwithdifferenttypes of waves. Complete thediagram as follows:
- LabeleachblockundertheFrequencyheadingwiththewavetype (radio, visible, etc.).
- Intherectanglerepresentingallthefrequencies of visiblelight, coloreachblocktheappropriatecolor.
- Labeleachline in theblocksundertheWavelengthandEnergyheadingswiththevaluesyoucalculated in Tables 1 and 2.
- IntheblocksundertheVelocityheadings, indicatethevelocity of electromagneticwaves. Write thisinformationvertically, since allelectromagneticwaveshavethesamevelocity.
- Nexttoeach of theFrequencycolumns, draw a redarrowthatindicatesthedirection in whichfrequencyincreases.
- Nexttoeach of theWavelengthcolumns, draw a bluearrowthatindicatesthedirection in whichwavelengthincreases.
- Nexttoeach of theEnergycolumns, draw a greenarrowthatindicatesthedirection in whichenergyincreases.
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Explanation & Answer
Attached.
Table 1. Characteristics of Electromagnetic radiation
Type of
Wave
Frequencies
(Hz)
Wavelengths
(m)
Wavelengths
(nm)
Energies
(J)
< 3 ∗ 109
> 0.1
> 1 ∗ 108
< 2.0 ∗ 10−24
3 ∗ 109 − 3 ∗ 1012
0.1 − 10−4
1 ∗ 108 − 1 ∗ 105
2.0 ∗ 10−24 − 2.0 ∗ 10−21
3 ∗ 1012 − 4.3 ∗ 1014
10−4 − 6.98 ∗ 10−7
1 ∗ 105 − 698
2.0 ∗ 10−21 − 2.8 ∗ 10−19
4.3 ∗ 1014 − 7.5
∗ 1014
6.98 ∗ 10−7 − 4.0 ∗ 10−7
698 − 400
2.8 ∗ 10−19 − 5.0 ∗ 10−19
7.5 ∗ 1014 − 3 ∗ 1017
4.0 ∗ 10−7 − 1.0 ∗ 10−9
400 − 1
5.0 ∗ 10−19 − 2.0 ∗ 10−16
X Rays
3 ∗ 1017 − 3 ∗ 1019
1.0 ∗ 10−9 − 1.0 ∗ 10−11
1 − 0.01
2.0 ∗ 10−16 − 2 ∗ 10−14
Gamma
Rays
> 3 ∗ 1019
> 1.0 ∗ 10−11
> 0.01
> 2 ∗ 10−14
Radio
Microwave
Infrared
Visible
Ultraviolet
Table 2. Characteristics of visible light
Color
Frequencies
(Hz)
Wavelengths
(m)
Wavelengths
(nm)
Energies
(J)
Red
4.3 ∗ 1014 − 4.8 ∗ 1014
6.98 ∗ 10−7 − 6.25 ∗ 10−7
698-625
2.8 ∗ 10−19 − 3.2 ∗ 10−19
Orange
4.8 ∗ 1014 − 5.2 ∗ 1014
6.25 ∗ 10−7 − 5.77 ∗ 10−7
625-577
3.2 ∗ 10−19 − 3.4 ∗ 10−19
Yellow
5.2 ∗ 1014 − 5.6 ∗ 1014
5.77 ∗ 10−7 − 5.36 ∗ 10−7
577-536
3.4 ∗ 10−19 − 3.7 ∗ 10−19
Green
5.6 ∗ 1014 − 6.2 ∗ 1014
5.36 ∗ 10−7 − 4.84 ∗ 10−7
536-484
3.7 ∗ 10−19 − 4.1 ∗ 10−19
Blue
6.2 ∗ 1014 − 7.0 ∗ 1014
4.84 ∗ 10−7 − 4.29 ∗ 10−7
484-429
4.1 ∗ 10−1...