MUST BE IN APA FORMATThis is a two-part requirement. Part 1: Describe or define Systems Thinking. Part 2: As an organization operates as an open system, discuss HOW systems thinking [a function of Systems Theory] assists a manager in partnership with an HR Business Partner with adapting the manager’s department so the department is aligned with the business’s strategy.In Systems Theory, a business demonstrates the properties of an open system (Senge, 1990; Luhmann, 1995). As an open system, a business forms an interdependency relationship with its external environment (von Bertalanffy, 1974). From the external environment, a business depends on such resources as suppliers, customers, technologies, and available labor to operate and survive (Hitt et al., 2018). Because of this dependency relationship between a business and its market environment, a business must adapt to changing market conditions. In response to changing market conditions, a business forms a strategy. The business strategy sets the direction of the business and identifies strategic goals. Business strategy also identifies how a business will adapt. The adaption process begins with changing the internal structure of a business. The structure includes specialized jobs integrated into designed work processes to achieve a specific planned outcome. These specialized jobs integrated into designed work processes form a network of unskilled, skilled, technicians, managers, and executive employees. The network of employees represents another concept of an open system; they form interdependent and interconnected relationships (Armstrong, 2016). The business structure is designed to accomplish a business’ purpose. The employees within the structure of networked jobs achieve the business’s purpose through their level of performance (Noe et al., 2019). This Weekly Topic Response examines a business as an open system and the application of systems thinking.

Travis Kalanick was the founding CEO of the ride-sharing giant Uber. Under his leadership, Uber has become a globally successful firm with a valuation over $60 billion. Kalanick is in his early forties, but Uber is the third firm that he started. Earlier in his career he founded the file-sharing company Scour which ended up going bankrupt due to lawsuits. He had more success with another file-sharing company called Red Swoosh which he later sold for $19 million.In spite of all of his accomplishments and success, he has always been a controversial CEO. Recently he was caught on video berating an Uber driver, a video that went viral. He has also faced allegations of fostering a toxic corporate culture. After facing a continuing wave of negative publicity, Kalanick had to step aside as CEO, but remains as a powerful member of Uber’s Board of Directors. He is also still one of their major shareholders, so even though another CEO will be managing the day-to-day, affairs he is likely to remain as a major leader within Uber.For this paper you should first thoroughly review the background readings and make sure you are clear on the distinction between charismatic, transformational, and transactional leadership. Then do some research on Travis Kalanick’s leadership style. There is no shortage of articles about Travis Kalanick and Uber. But harder to find are articles on what kind of leader he is and how he leads his employees. Here are a few articles to get you started, but if you can find articles that are more recent or have more information about his leadership style, feel free to use them in your paper instead:Hook, L. (2017, March 10). Uber: The crisis inside the “cult of Travis.” Financial Times, p. 11.[ProQuest]Reuters. (2017, April 13). Uber CEO Travis Kalanick's iron grip poses challenge in COO search. Economic Times. Retrieved from http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/small-biz/startups/uber-ceo-travis-kalanicks-iron-grip-poses-challenge-in-coo-search/articleshow/58168763.cmsFast Company. (2015, September 25). Travis Kalanick, the fall and spectacular rise of the man behind Uber. South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/magazines/post-magazine/article/1860723/travis-kalanick-fall-and-spectacular-rise-man-behind-uberCase AssignmentAfter you have reviewed the background materials and done some research on Travis Kalanick, write a 4- to 5-page paper addressing the issues below. Make sure to cite both required background readings such as Barine and Minja (2012) or Luthans et al. (2015) as well as specific articles on Travis Kalanick.Does Travis Kalanick meet the definition of a charismatic leader based on what you’ve read? Explain your answer using both the required background textbook readings as well as specific information you found about Kalanick.Does Travis Kalanick meet the definition of a transformational leader based on what you’ve read? Explain your answer using both the required background textbook readings as well as specific information you found about Kalanick.Does Travis Kalanick meet the definition of a transactional leader based on what you’ve read? Explain your answer using both the required background textbook readings as well as specific information you found about Kalanick.Overall, what do you believe are the main benefits and drawbacks of Travis Kalanick’s approach to leadership? Do you think he needs to make major changes in his leadership style?