One of the great controversies in the field of psychology relates to how we define normal and abnormal behavior. There is general agreement with the official definitions of abnormal behavior; that is, abnormal behavior is severe or maladaptive enough to need diagnosis and psychological or psychiatric treatment. These official definitions are contained in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). There have been many revisions of this manual over the years. Currently, we are using the fifth edition, or the DSM-5 (APA, 2013).Children and adolescents who display certain behaviors that cause them to have significant difficulty in their everyday functioning are likely to be diagnosed with one of the disorders in the DSM. Some of those diagnoses are temporary, whereas others are life-long.Review the following case: Anna, a four-year-old Mexican-American girl, lives with her mother and father. Anna’s parents immigrated to the United States years before her birth. Her mother speaks only Spanish with her, while her father speaks only English. Anna’s parents are migrant workers who must move regularly. Anna and her parents have moved over ten times since her birth. They hope to provide Anna with more stability, now that she is approaching school age. Therefore, they are seeking other forms of employment. Anna recently completed kindergarten orientation. The school psychologist recommended that her parents have her evaluated further, as her speech development is significantly delayed. She speaks very little; her vocabulary was screened at the kindergarten orientation and was found to be at least two years behind typical speech development. During the kindergarten screening, Anna was hyperactive, unable to sit still, distracted, and unable to complete the tasks. She was unable to complete them partially due to their difficulty level, but also due to her inability to focus sufficiently. After a thorough evaluation at the local mental health center, Anna was diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). She began participating in a behavioral modification program with a bilingual therapist, who speaks both English and Spanish. She will be evaluated in a few weeks by the psychiatrist, who will decide whether to prescribe stimulant medication for the ADHD. Based on your analysis of the case, respond to the following: Analyze the pros and cons of diagnosing Anna with a mental health disorder. Identify at least three benefits and at least three costs Anna and her family may experience as a result of her diagnosis. When deciding which pros and cons to identify, consider benefits and costs related to at least four of the following categories: Stigma Prescription of psychiatric medication to children Selection of a psychotherapy approach Multicultural factors Labeling or mislabeling of children Early intervention Write your initial response in 300­­–500 words. Apply APA standards to citation of sources, including in-text citations and full references. Incorporate information from at least two academic sources to support your statements or ideas. Academic sources could include your textbook, required readings for this week, or academic journal articles found in the AU online library.By the due date assigned, post your response to the Discussion Area. Through the end of the module, review and comment on at least two peers’ responses. Provide a statement of clarification, a point of view with rationale, challenge a point of discussion, or draw a relationship between one or more points of the discussion of at least two other students. Consider commenting on the following: Consider how you may have responded if Anna had a different cultural background. Address one of the categories you did not choose from the list. Explain whether you agree with the benefits and costs identified by your peers, and why. Request more information from peers who may have listed less than three benefits or three costs. Suggest interesting resources, Web sites, or articles you located for this assignment, and provide references for academic research articles that you have found in your research. Summarize the researched information for your peers. American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author. Grading Criteria Maximum Points Quality of initial posting, including fulfillment of assignment instructions 16 Quality of responses to classmates 12 Frequency of responses to classmates 4 Reference to supporting readings and other materials 4 Language and grammar 4 Total: 40

this is a re work i need referecenes to go with the paper attached. i also attached the form they need to be onAction Research Literature Evaluation[WLO: 1, 2][CLO: 2, 3]Last week we focused on developing your area of focus based on an existing problem or challenge in early childhood education that you would like to change or improve. This week you will gain deeper insight into your area of focus by reviewing and evaluating literature related to your area of focus. You started this process in this week’s discussion, and will continue the same process for this assignment. You may use the article you reviewed in the discussion this week as one of the four resources required for review and evaluation.For this assignment, you will utilize appropriate databases and digital tools to identify academic sources relevant to your action research area of focus, and then evaluate each source for research timeliness, relevancy, authority, accuracy, and purpose. Additionally, you will identify, evaluate, review, and summarize four relevant scholarly, peer-reviewed articles to inform your own action research proposal. The purpose of this assignment is to help you understand what others in the field have done to improve the same or similar challenges that you are interested in improving. Week 2 Literature Evaluation Assignment Template is available for developing your Week Two assignment. For this assignment, please use a minimum of four scholarly, peer-reviewed, full text journal articles. Articles must be current, meaning each article must have been published in the past five years.You may use the Ashford Library or appropriate digital research tools (i.e., Google Scholar (Links to an external site.)) to locate scholarly sources for this assignment. Remember, not all sources and articles in the Ashford Library are scholarly, so please be sure to refer to the Instructor Guidance for this week and the MAECEL Source Guide for further tips and information on locating scholarly, peer reviewed journals.You may also be interested in using an online bibliographic management program such as RefWorks (Links to an external site.), NoodleTools (Links to an external site.), or Diigo (Links to an external site.) to collect, manage, annotate, share, and cite your sources. Please be sure to carefully review the Instructor Guidance, the course Anchor Paper, and course readings for this week to inform the development of this assignment.*Reminder to Students: Remember to save all copies of your work throughout the course as you will use each assignment as part of the Final Action Research Proposal. For many of the discussions and assignments, you are building on your work each week, so it is appropriate to use content from your discussions in your weekly assignments, generally expanding and extending concepts and sections as you progress from week to week. You will have the opportunity to make revisions to each section of your proposal based on instructor and peer feedback prior to your final version in the Final Action Research Proposal, so be sure to revisit the feedback you have received from your instructor and classmates each week to continuously refine your proposal throughout the course.Content ExpectationsPart 1: Article Summary Tables: For each of the four articles, complete one table using the Week Two assignment template to evaluate the source using the CRAAP test, and then provide a summary in the areas indicated in the table. Each section must be complete and add relevant information related to the article.CRAAP Test: Using the CRAAP test, evaluate each of the four required sources for timeliness, relevancy, authority, accuracy, and purpose. Provide the overall score and a narrative with a summary of your evaluation.Title, Author, Year: For each article, provide an accurate title, author, and year of publication.Purpose of the Study: For each article, clearly explain the purpose of the study.Subject/Participants: For each article, discuss the subjects or participants involved in the study.Variables: For each article, identify the independent and dependent variables in the study.Quantitative and/or Qualitative Instruments: For each article, examine the instruments used to collect data, including any pertinent information on the validity and reliability of the instruments.Interventions: For each article, summarize the interventions used in the study to improve a situation or existing challenge that the research addressed.Outcomes/Results: For each article,explain what kind of evidence used to support his/her claims.Implications: For each article, examine the implications and conclusions of the study.Relevance to Proposed Study: For each article, appraise how the study relates to the challenge or situation you are interested in improving in your own action research proposal.Part 2: Literature Evaluation Table: Complete the summary table after completing each of the article summary tables for each article. The purpose of this table is for you to synthesize information from the articles you reviewed to determine how each one will inform your own action research proposal, specifically focusing in the interventions and qualitative and quantitative instruments. The content from this assignment will be used to support the development of the Week Three Assignment in ECE 660.Literature Evaluation Table: Based on your four article summaries, use the literature evaluation table to organize your decisions regarding which interventions and instruments are the most relevant to your own action research proposal.Research and Resource ExpectationsA minimum of four scholarly, peer-reviewed sources.Writing and Formatting ExpectationsTitle Page: Must include a separate title page with the following:Title of paperStudent’s nameCourse name and numberInstructor’s nameDate submittedAcademic Voice: Academic Voice is used (avoids casual language, limited use of “I” or first person, it is declarative).Purpose and Organization: Demonstrates logical progression of ideas.Syntax and Mechanics: Writing displays meticulous comprehension and organization of syntax and mechanics, such as spelling, grammar, and punctuation.APA Formatting: Papers are formatted properly and all sources are cited and referenced in APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center (Links to an external site.).Suggested Assignment LengthThis assignment should be approximately five to six double-spaced pages in length (not including title and reference pages).