preterm infant, assignment help

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Health Medical

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Write short notes on management of preterm infant.

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PRETERM INFANT
 Premature infants account for the majority of high-risk newborns.
 The preterm infant faces a variety of physiologic handicaps:
1. The ability to suck, swallow, and breathe in a coordinated fashion is not achieved until 3436 weeks' gestation. Therefore, enteral feedings must be provided by gavage.
Furthermore, preterm infants frequently have gastroesophageal reflux and an immature
gag reflex, which increases the risk of aspiration of feedings.
2. Decreased ability to maintain body temperature.
3. Pulmonary immaturity-surfactant deficiency, often with structural immaturity in infants
of less than 26 weeks' gestation. Their condition is complicated by the combination of
noncompliant lungs and an extremely compliant chest wall.
4. Immature control of respiration, leading to apnea and bradycardia.
5. Persistent patency of the ductus arteriosus, leading to further compromise of pulmonary
gas exchange because of overperfusion of the lungs.
6. Immature cerebral vasculature, predisposing the infant to subependymal or
intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukoma...


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