Chapter 3 Seeking and Receiving Health Care • Health behavior components • Awareness-knowledge-belief-attitude-intention-practice • Categories • Healthy (wellness) behavior • Illness behavior – before diagnosis • Sick role behavior – after diagnosis • Impaired role behavior Health seeking • Health • Absence of disease or attaining positive state? • Disease • Physical damage within body • Illness • Not feeling well (signs and symptoms) • Goal  determine health status • Do symptoms indicate the need to seek medical/health attention? • What factors influence health seeking behavior? Determinants (factors) influencing health seeking Factor Biopsychosocial • Symptoms • Personal factors • Gender • Age • Income, education & culture • Disease conceptualization • Biological • Psychological • Psychosocial • Sociological • Sociological • Psychological Biological determinants • Symptoms & signs • • • • • Visible Severe Disruptive Frequency Persistence Psychological determinants • View and know body • Medical self-care • Stress • Illness/sickness/disease/injury conceptualization • Identify, label, timeline, cause, consequence & controllability • Limited knowledge, inaccurate beliefs Sociological determinants • Age-role • Gender-role • Ethnicity/race • Education & income Seeking health information • Lay referral network • Internet Summary • Introduction of health behavioral components and categories • Responding to “not feeling well” (signs and symptoms) is illness behavior • Health seeking is securing advice, attention and care • Biopsychosocial factors determine illness behavior Check your health risks: seeking/receiving health care 1. If you feel well, you believe that you are healthy. 2. You see your dentist twice yearly for regular checkups. 3. The last time you sought medical care was at a hospital emergency department. 4. If you had a disease that would be a lot of trouble to manage, you would rather not know about it until you were really sick. Check your health risks 5. You try not to allow being sick to slow you down. 6. If you do not understand your physician's recommendations, you ask questions until you understand what you should do. 7. You think it is better to follow medical advice than to ask questions and cause problems, especially in the hospital. 8. When facing a stressful medical experience, you think the best strategy is to try not to think about it and hope that it will be over soon. Check your health risks 9. When you have severe symptoms, you try to find out as much information as possible about your medical condition. 10. You believe that if people get sick, it is because they were due to get sick, and there was nothing they could have done to prevent their sickness. 11. In order not to frighten patients faced with a difficult medical procedure, it is best to tell them that they won't be hurt, even if they will. Medical self-care knowledge test 1. Runny nose, headache and dry cough are more often symptoms of a(n) a. Viral infection c. Allergy b. Bacterial infection d. Both a. and b. 2. A routine medical checkup should be scheduled: a. Every six months c. Every two years b. Every year d. None of the above 3. Which represents an emergency that requires the immediate attention of a health care provider? a. Ring stuck on finger c. Back pain b. Tick bite d. None of the above Medical self-care 4. Which pain reliever is the safest? a. Aspirin c. Ibuprofen b. Acetaminophen d. All three equally safe/unsafe 5. What materials are needed to remove a speck of dirt floating on the white of the eye or inside the lid? a. Cotton swab and a handkerchief b. Tweezers and pins c. Toothpicks and dental floss d. All of the above Medical self-care 6. Which of the following is correct about getting rid of warts? a. Try the least expensive method b. Warts often go away if left alone c. See health professional if wart in genital or anal area d. All of the above 7. When should a health professional be called regarding a headache? a. If unexplained headaches continue occurring more than three times a week b. Headache is of very sudden onset or very severe in pain c. The use of pain relievers is weekly for several weeks d. All of the above Medical self-care 8. Which is most likely to help a cold? a. Antihistamine c. Over the counter preparations b. Antibiotic d. Vitamin C 9. Which needs immediate medical attention? a. A bruise c. A sprain b. A strain d. A fracture Vickery. D.M. and Fries, J.F. (2011). Take care of yourself. Reading. MA. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co.
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