Dark matter and Dark energy

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Lab #2 Dark Matter and Dark Energy

If it turns out to be that the universe is not made of cold dark matter, I would be rather depressed, given that I've worked all my life on cold dark matter. I would be disappointed, but not for very long because that's the way science is. You have to accept the evidence. And if it turns out that I wasted my life working on the wrong hypothesis, so be it. What I really want to know is what is the universe made of. Let it be cold. Let it be warm. I just want to know what it is. Professor Carlos Frenk, who’s spent his life researching Dark Matter

In this lab we will examine the evidence for Dark Matter and Dark Energy and look at some recent research results. We will go through the scientific process and despite not being experts (or science majors!) you will present your findings at the end of this study.

The parts to your report will not be a formal lab report but rather in the following format for both Dark Matter and Dark Energy:

Dark Matter

1) What observations led to the proposal of Dark Matter? Typically in science, you do not come up with an extension of your theory or propose a new hypothesis unless new data contradicts existing ideas. In other words, why did scientists begin proposing that there was a new particle or type of matter that got named Dark Matter?

2) What other hypothesis exist for explain the observations you listed in part #1 if any?

3) What is currently known about Dark Matter?

4) What are some of the current unknowns of Dark Matter?

5) What future experiments are being done that can shed light on Dark Matter?

6) In light of all of this, what is your personal opinion on Dark Matter and its validity as a scientific explanation?

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Explanation & Answer

Attached.

RUNNING HEAD: DARK MATTER

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Dark matter
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RUNNING HEAD: DARK MATTER

Observations that led to the proposal of Dark Matter
Jacobus, a Dutch astronomer was the first person to suggest the existence of dark
matter in the year 1922. Jan Oort suggested the presence of dark matter in1932 when he was
studying stellar motions within the local galactic neighborhood. He found that there was a
greater mass in the galactic plane than what was observed, unfortunately, this measurement
was concluded erroneously. Vera Rubin and Kent proved the presence of dark matter using
galaxy rotation curves. A new spectrograph was used to measure the velocity curve of an edge
on spiral galaxies with greater accuracy. It was found that most galaxies must contain
approximately six times as much dark as visible mass. This led to a conclusion that, dark matter
was one major unsolved problem in astronomy. In 1980s several observations were made
which indicated the presence of dark matter. Some of the observations include the
gravitational lensing of background objects by the galaxy clusters, the distribution of
temperature of hot gas in the galaxies and clusters, finally the anisotropies patterns in the
cosmic microwave background (Akerib, Alsum, Araújo, Bai, Bailey, Balajthy, Boulton, 2017).
Hypothesis for the observations of dark matter
There is hypothesis that explains the presence of Dark Matter. These hypotheses
include; galaxy rotation curves. Th...


Anonymous
I was struggling with this subject, and this helped me a ton!

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