making a circuit lap report

Onunn788
timer Asked: Oct 4th, 2017

Question Description

Laboratory Report Format

The laboratory report will be broken into eight sections as follows:

  1. Cover Page. This page precedes the body of the report and details who authored the report, the title of the experiment, the date that it was performed and the names of the laboratory group members. Each student will turn-in their own laboratory report.
  2. Abstract. This summarizes, in general terms, what was accomplished in the laboratory experiment. The abstract will be no more than a half page long.
  3. Objective: This portion of the report indicates, in a brief and succinct manner, what the goal of the experiment is. The objective should be no more than one or two sentences in length.
  4. Theory: This section provides the mathematical formalism pertaining to the stated problem that will be used to analyze the experimental observations. Completing this section is not just a matter of transcribing formulas, but in addition provides an explanation of why these particular formulas were used. Appropriate mathematical derivations are typically moved to the Appendix section.
  5. Procedure: This section carefully describes in the experimenter’s own words, the manner in which the laboratory exercise was performed from start to finish. Include all relevant circuit diagrams. (There should be at least one schematic accompanying each laboratory report.)
  6. Results and Analysis: This is the heart of the report. Information on what was measured and how the measurements were taken belong in this section. Tables, charts and graphs must be properly labeled with units specified. Sample calculations and mathematical derivations will be included in this section as well.
  7. Conclusions: This summarizes the key points of the laboratory exercise by enumerating what statements can be made that are supported by the “Results and Analysis” section. Sweeping generalities such as “I learned a lot from this experiment.”, “This laboratory was helpful in helping me understand the theory.” or “Human error was responsible for the inaccuracies encountered in the data,” are meaningless statements.
  8. Appendix: This section contains reference material that would interrupt the flow of the report if contained in the main text.

11

Equipment: Name, model and manufacturer of the equipment, which was used in your experiment.

Derivations: Lengthy derivations of equations used in the analysis.

Pre-laboratory Exercises: If a pre-laboratory section has been included in the laboratory experiment and/or additional questions are given in the laboratory exercise, answers to these questions are to be appended to the report.

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Laboratory Experiment #1 Pre-laboratory: KVL and KCL Exercises Include these exercises in the laboratory report under a separate heading entitled, “Pre-laboratory Exercises” following the “Conclusion” section of the main report. Referring to Figure 1 below: VR1 VR4 Va Vb R1 R4 + Vs R6 VR6 R7 VRT Figure 1 Laboratory test circuit VAB VRS ws о[V] Vd Vc R3 R5 R1 = 1200 Ohms R3 = 1800 Ohms R4 = 4700 Ohms Vs = 10 Volts R5 = 5100 Ohms R6 = 6800 Ohms R7 6800 Ohms R7 = 3300 Ohms 1. Using the given resistances and supply voltage, determine the indicated node voltages in the Figure 1, using loop analysis and matrix solution methods. Show all your work. 2. Using the given resistances and supply voltage, determine the indicated node voltages in the Figure 1, using node analysis and matrix solution methods. Show all your work. 3. Prepare your work, so that you can perform these calculations rapidly to check your laboratory data. Laboratory Experiment #1 Kirchoff's Voltage and Current Laws (KVL/KCL) Objective: The goal of this experiment is to confirm Kirchoff's Voltage Law (KVL) and Kirchoff's Current Law (KCL). Procedure: (1) Construct the circuit given in Figure 1. Use resistor values between ik 2 and 10k 2. Carefully measure all the resistor values using an ohmmeter. (Do not rely on the nominal resistance values i.e. the color bands.) Use the DC voltage source provided at the workstation. (2) Carefully measure the currents and note the current direction through each circuit component, as shown in the circuit diagram, using an ammeter. Remember, to measure current through a circuit component, the ammeter must become part of the circuit, i.e. the ammeter terminals must be in series with the circuit component. The ammeter, due to its low internal resistance, appears as a short circuit. (3) Carefully measure and note the polarity of the voltage associated with each of the circuit components, using a voltmeter. Remember, to measure voltage the voltmeter terminals must be placed across the circuit component. Since the voltmeter has such high internal resistance, it does not draw current from the circuit. (4) Make a copy of Figure 1 to refer to in your report. (Always include a schematic diagram when preparing a laboratory report.) (5) Tabulate the results of the voltage, current and resistor measurements you have taken for each circuit component. Use the format given below. Table 1 Measured Values Measure R (12) Voltage (V) Current (A) R1 R6 R3 R4 R7 R5 21 (6) From the results of item 5 above, show that the voltages around each of the two inner loops (V-R1-R6-R3 and R4-R7-R5-R6), are equal to zero when summed algebraically. (7) From the result of item 5 above, show that the currents into and out of the node connecting R1, R6 and R4, as shown in Figure 1, are equal to zero when summed algebraically. (8) Using loop or nodal analysis techniques, calculate the voltages and currents in Figure 1 and compare these with the values obtained in the table that was compiled in item 5. To answer this question properly, you must first establish and then solve two loop equations simultaneously to determine the currents through each of the branches or produce one nodal equation to determine the voltage at the upper node. Show your work. Do not confuse calculation and simulation. What is being asked for is a calculation. (9) Tabulate the results of the calculations in the format given below. (10) Verify your results using PSpice and attach the printout graphs to the laboratory report in the appendices. Table 2 Calculated Values Voltage (V) Current (A) R1 R6 R3 R4 R7 R5 R1 R4 + Vs R6 R7 WW R3 R5 Figure 1 Laboratory circuit va - vd vos + + 6800 +41 700) 6800 4700 loop analysis (va) Va-us va-V6 1200 6300 4700 va (1200 + I ud Vb 1260 127 Va - 31960-569 vd - 816 V6 = 0 =) (1) (Vb) Ub- Va V6 - Vc =0=) V6 (33+47)= Va (33) + vc (47) 4700 3800 =) Vb uz Vc -> (2) 80 lo (Vc) Vc -vb + vc-vd =o =) Vc (84) - Vol (33) +V6 (51)=3 (3) 3300 5100 • (ud) vdova vd-vc t + va-vo 6800 5000 1800 + 33 vat vd (137 = 34680 +918 va + 1224 uc -) (4) 127 va - 564 Vd - 816 V6 = 31960=) (1) 33va - 80 Vot uz Ve =0 -) (2) 51 v6 - 84 vc + 3} vd =0 =) (3) 918 Va + 1224 Vc - 1370 +34680 = 0 =) (4) eq(3) e of Cas 211.7 V6-348.7 VC+ 137 Vd =o 98 va t Izzu ve- 137 vd = -34680 3646 va + 5846.64 U6 + 174494.8 =0 eq, (2) 33 Vo - 80 V6 + 47 Vc=0 = 330d=-51(23) +84 (31.58) vd = 44.840 Va = 10,890, V6=23V, VC = 31.58 v ₂ Vd = 44.840 ( U) I v K R current Ri=1K -) 1.8ma - 1.89 R&t=1.48 K 0.059ma -) .oqu R3=3.3K -) 1.8ma -) 6.04 u Ry = 1,3 K 0.059 ma - 1.960 R5= 1.8K 0.059 mg - o.lv R6= 1.2 ks 1.78ma ) 2.15V
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