Magnetic Induction of a Current Carrying Long Straight Wire Physics lab

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1. Make a graph of the data with B as the vertical axis and 1/r as the horizontal axis. Also show on the graph the straight line obtained from the least squares fit. Name Section Date 35 LABORATORY 3 5 Magnetic Induction of a Current Carrying Long Straight Wire PRE-LABORATORY ASSIGNMENT 1. State the right-hand rule that relates the direction of the B field near a long straight wire to the direction of the current in the wire. 2. The direction of current is defined to be the direction in which charges would flow. 3. State the equation that relates the magnitude of the B field near a long straight wire to the current I in the wire and the distance r from the wire. B= 4. There is a current of 10.0 A in a long straight wire. What is the magnitude of the B field 5.00 cm from the wire? Show your work. COPYRIGHT © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole 5. When a current that is constant in time passes through a wire, the B field that is produced around the wire is (a) time varying (b) constant in time (c) negative (d) zero. 353 354 Physics Laboratory Manual Loyd 6. Why are measurements using the inductor coil not taken close to the wire? In other words, why do the measurements start 3.00 cm away from the wire? COPYRIGHT 353 354 Physics Laboratory Manual Loyd 6. Why are measurements using the inductor coil not taken close to the wire? In other words, why do the measurements start 3.00 cm away from the wire? 7. If an inductor coil is placed near a long wire carrying a current that is constant in time, the voltage induced in the coil is (a) positive (b) negative (c) zero (d) nonzero. Name Section Date Name Section Date Lab Partners 35 LABORATORY 35 Magnetic Induction of a Current Carrying Long Straight Wire LABORATORY REPORT Data Table 1 With compass above the wire, compass direction= With compass below the wire, compass direction= Figure 35-6 Indicate the compass direction at the positions shown. Data and Calculations Table 2 r (cm) B1 B2 B3 1/r (cm-1) B OB % OLB 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 HT © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole COPYRIGHT 8.00 9.00 Slope = Intercept= Corr. Coeff. = 355 QUESTIONS 1. Describe the reasoning used to apply the right-hand rule to the situations in Data Table 1, what is predicted, and how your results do or do not agree with those predictions. 2. Evaluate the precision of the measurements of the induced voltage as a function of distance from the wire. Consider the percentage standard error of the measurements in your evaluation. 3. State the extent to which your measurements confirm the expectation that B is proportional to 1/r. Give the evidence for your evaluation of this question. 4. When the direct current is 2.00 A in a single wire of the bundle of 10 wires, the total current in the bundle of wire that approximates the long straight wire is 20.0 A. What is the magnitude of the B field 3.00 cm from this long straight wire carrying a current of 20.0 A? What is the magnitude of the B field 9.00 cm from the wire carrying 20.0 A? Laboratory 35 Magnetic Induction of a Current Carrying Long Straight Wire 357 5. A constant current is in a long straight wire in the plane of the paper in the direction shown below by the arrow. Point X is in the plane of the paper above the wire, and point Y is in the plane of the paper but below the wire. What is the direction of the B field at point X? What is the direction of the B field at point Y? .X .Y Direction at X= Direction at Y= Part II How Is The Magnetic Field In A Coil Related To The Number For the second part of the experiment you will determine the relationship magnetic field at the center of a coil and the number of turns in the coil. T Sensor should be oriented as before. Use a current of 3.0 A for all of part off except when making a measurement. 8. We will first zero the sensor when no current is flowing. That is, we will re the Earth's magnetic field and local magnetism. With the switch open, clic 9. Set the power supply so that the current will be 3 A when the switch is clos After a few seconds, close and hold the switch for at least 10 s during the d 10. View the field vs. time graph and determine where the current was flowing, this region of the graph by dragging over it with the mouse cursor. Determi field while the current was on by clicking on the Statistics button, 9. Recor field and the number of turns on the coil (10) in the data table. 11. Remove one loop of wire from the frame to reduce the number of turns by Steps 9-10. If you move the frame or the sensor, make sure that you get it orientation as the previous measurement. 12. Repeat Step 11 until you have only one turn of wire on the frame. Keep the DATA TABLE Part 1 BASE 0.021 mT Current in coil (A) Magnetic field (mt) 197 mT 3.0 2.5 169 mT 2.0 la 14mT 1.5 all MT 1.0 ..079 MT 0.5 o 050 mT .019 mT Physics with Computers Experiment 28 Part II Number of tums Magnetic field (MT) Number of turns Magnetic field (MT) 10 196 mT 65 109 mT 9 176 m 4 092 aT 8 3 .159 m .142 T 074 mT 7 2 058 MT 6 .125 T 1 000 m ANALYSIS mot valfomaly spaced so data could be sporadicallcely Part 1 1. Plot a graph of magnetic field vs. current through the coil. Use either Graphical Analysis or graph paper. 2. What is the relationship between the current in a coil and the resulting magnetic field at the center of the coil? 3. Determine the equation of the best-fit line through the data points. Explain the significance of the constants in your equation. What are the units of the constants? Part II 4. Plot a graph of magnetic field vs. the number of turns on the coil. Use Graphical Analysis or graph paper. 5. How is magnetic field related to the number of turns? 6. Either using the linear regression tool in Graphical Analysis or by hand, determine the best fit line through the data points. Explain the significance of the constants in your equation. What are the units of the constants? 7. Remember that you zeroed the sensor before taking data in this lab. Should the line you fit in Step 6 go through the origin? EXTENSIONS 1. How does the diameter of the coil loop affect the magnetic field? Design and conduct an experiment to answer this question. 2. Remove the coil and hold the Magnetic Field Sensor horizontally. Collect data while rotating it smoothly about a horizontal axis. Explain where the maximum and minimum readings occur and where zero or near-zero readings occur. Compare your pattern to the data you collect while rotating about a vertical axis. 28 - 4 Pluweire with me www.liga Com "75755 31804 3 ŞUBJEC A SUF COLLO
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Magnetic Induction
(Name, University)
Abstract
The basic equations of electromagnetism have been demonstrated. In this regard, a linear positive
relationship has been obtained between the intensity of the electric field and the generated magnetic field
(R2 = 0.9998). Similarly, a linear positive relationship was observed between the number of loops or turns of
the electric wire around an induction coil and the generated magnetic field (R2 = 0.9997).

Introduction
The main objective of the present lab is to evaluate the relationship existing between an electric
field and a magnetic field. For this purpose, two different experiments have been carried out:
In the first experiment, the relationship between the intensity of an electric field and the generated
magnetic field in the vicinity of this circuit have been monitored. For this purpose, the magnetic field was
recorded for increasing intensities.
In the second experiment, the effect that the number of turns of an electric wire around an
induction coil has on the generated magnetic field has been monitored. For this purpose, the magnetic field
generated was recorded for increasing number of turns around the induction coil.

Literature review
The phenomenon of magnetic induction was initially discovered by Michael Faraday and Joseph
Henry in the mid XIXth century (Huang, 2007). Briefly, these researchers observed that a magnetic field was
generated when a wire was wrapped around a metal ring. According to their experiments, the generated
magnetic field and electric current were proportional to the number of loops of the wire that had been
wrapped around the metal ring (Huang, 2007). Since then, this phenomenon has been widely used for the
production of electricity in the electrogenerators, in the modulation of electricity through the use of
transformers to either increase or decrease the voltage output, and in medical imaging for the generation
of tomography scans.
The induced magnetic field by an electric current circulating through a straight long wire has been
extensively studied in the past. One of the most relevant ones is the work developed by Assis et al (1999).
These authors thoroughly demonstrated the existence of an electric field induced by a stationary wire that
carried a constant electric current. It should be noted that the electric field requires of a transmission
medium such as a wire since air is an electric insulator. The existence of such an electric force outside the
wire could only be explained by electromagnetic induction as the magnetic field is able of travelling through
air and would thus act as an intermediary.
Even while more complex magnetic sensors can be used to demonstrate the presence of this
magnetic field, it can easily be monitored by using a common tool like a compass (Caruso et al., 2000). In
this regard, the magnet present in the compass would cause its needle to align with the magnetic field
since it would be higher than the Earth’s magnetic field.
According to Maxwell reactions of electromagnetism, we know that:
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The induced magnetic field is directly proportional to the intensity of the electric fiel...