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New evidence that drinking coffee may reduce the risk of
diabetes
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June 10, 2010
American Chemical Society
Scientists are reporting new evidence that drinking coffee may help prevent diabetes and
that caffeine may be the ingredient largely responsible for this effect.
a b v e g d
Scientists are reporting new evidence that drinking coffee may help prevent diabetes and that
caffeine may be the ingredient largely responsible for this effect.
Credit: iStockphoto
Scientists are reporting new evidence that drinking coffee may help prevent
diabetes and that caffeine may be the ingredient largely responsible for this
effect. Their findings, among the first animal studies to demonstrate this
apparent link, appear in ACS' Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.
Fumihiko Horio and colleagues note that past studies have suggested that regular coffee drinking may
reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. The disease affects millions in the United States and is on the rise
worldwide. However, little of that evidence comes from studies on lab animals used to do research that
cannot be done in humans.
The scientists fed either water or coffee to a group of laboratory mice commonly used to study
diabetes. Coffee consumption prevented the development of high-blood sugar and also improved
insulin sensitivity in the mice, thereby reducing the risk of diabetes. Coffee also caused a cascade of
other beneficial changes in the fatty liver and inflammatory adipocytokines related to a reduced
diabetes risk. Additional lab studies showed that caffeine may be "one of the most effective anti-diabetic
compounds in coffee," the scientists say.
Story Source:
Materials provided by American Chemical Society. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
1. Yamauchi et al. Coffee and Caffeine Ameliorate Hyperglycemia, Fatty Liver, and Inflammatory
Adipocytokine Expression in Spontaneously Diabetic KK-Ay Mice. Journal of Agricultural and
Food Chemistry, 2010; 58 (9): 5597 DOI: 10.1021/jf904062c
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Written Assignment 1: Trace the Scientific Method in a
Primary Scientific Article
Addresses course outcomes 1 and 4:
•
•
recognize and explain how the scientific method is used to solve problems
weigh evidence and make decisions based on strengths and limitations of scientific
knowledge and the scientific method
Researchers recently investigated (see summary in New Evidence That Drinking Coffee May
Reduce the Risk of Diabetes) in laboratory mice whether or not coffee prevented the
development of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). The mice used in this experiment have a
mutation that makes them become diabetic.
Answer the questions below based on the information given in the following paragraph.
A group of 11 mice was given water, and another group of 10 mice was supplied with diluted
black coffee (coffee:water 1:1) as drinking fluids for five weeks. The composition of the diets
and living conditions were similar for both groups of mice. Blood glucose was monitored weekly
for all mice. After five weeks, there was no change in average body weight between groups.
Results indicated that blood glucose concentrations increased significantly in the mice that drank
water compared with those that were supplied with coffee. Finally, blood glucose concentration
in the coffee group exhibited a 30 percent decrease compared with that in the water group. In the
original paper, the investigators acknowledged that the coffee for the experiment was supplied as
a gift from a corporation.
1. Identify and describe the steps of the scientific method. Which observations do you think the
scientists made leading up to this research study? Given your understanding of the experimental
design, formulate a specific hypothesis that is being tested in this experiment. Describe the
experimental design including control and treatment group(s), and dependent and independent
variables. Summarize the results and the conclusion (50 points)
2. Criticize the research described. Things to consider: Were the test subjects and treatments
relevant and appropriate? Was the sample size large enough? Were the methods used
appropriate? Can you think of a potential bias in a research study like this? What are the
limitations of the conclusions made in this research study? Address at least two of these
questions in your critique of the research study (20 points).
3. Discuss the relevance of this type of research, both for the world in general and for you
personally (20 points).
4. Write answers in your own words with proper grammar and spelling (10 points)
Grading
Your paper will be graded based on the following criteria:
Excellent (90 –
Good (75 – 89%)
Adequate (50 –
100%)
74%)
The Scientific All steps of the
One of the steps in Two of the steps in
Method
scientific method in the scientific method the scientific method
the provided research in the provided
in the provided
study is clearly and research study is not research study are
50 points
accurately identified described and/or
not described and/or
and described.
minor issues with
major issues with
clarity and accuracy clarity and accuracy
in identifying and
in identifying and
45-50 points
describing the steps describing the steps
of the scientific
of the scientific
method.
method.
Critique of
Research
20 points
38-44 points
Clear, accurate,
Minor issues with
relevant and well
clarity, accuracy,
organized critique of relevance or
research,
organization in
commenting on at
critique of research.
least two issues.
15-17 points
18-20 points
25-37 points
Major issues with
clarity, accuracy,
relevance or
organization in
critique of research,
and/or commenting
on only one issue.
10-14 points
Discussion
Discussion of the
Minor issues with
Major issues with
of Relevance relevance of this
clarity or accuracy in clarity and accuracy
research study, both the discussion of the in the discussion of
to the world and to relevance of this
the relevance of this
20 points
you personally, is
research study to the research study or
clear and accurate. world and to you
missing relevance to
personally.
world or to you
personally.
18-20 points
15-17 points
10-14 points
Grammar/ Less than 3 minor
4-8
9-12
Spelling
spelling/grammatical spelling/grammatical spelling/grammatical
errors
errors
errors
10 points
9-10 points
7-8 points
5-6 point
Unacceptable
(0-49%)
Most or all of
the steps in the
scientific
method is not
described.
0-24 points
No or minimal
critique of
research.
0-9 points
No or minimal
discussion of
relevance to
world or you
personally.
0-9 points
More than 13
spelling
/grammatical
errors.
0-4 points
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