Description
In the role of a case manager, you will be interacting with people from very diverse backgrounds. As a result, it is important to understand that not everyone has the same point of view. Chapter 4 discusses the need to be culturally competent regarding people having different backgrounds.
When thinking of cultural competency, the first individual characteristics that often come to mind are people having different racial, ethnic, and cultural background. However, people differ from one another on many sociological levels as was highlighted in Chapter 3's discussion of the ecological model. For example, some people might want to generalize perspectives based on race or ethnicity. However, a married Hispanic female physician likely does not have exactly the same perspective on the world as a single Hispanic male blue-collar worker.
Even though individual differences impact behavior, there is also an underlying commonality among people raised and living within a cultural society. There are two major philosophies that the text discusses with regard to a cultural viewpoint: Individualistic and collectivistic.Once you have read the weekly material listed on the Module's Lesson page, I want you to reflect on the culture from which you were raised. Review the characteristics outlined in chapter 4 of the text book.
Write a paper of at least 750 words:
- Introduce the concepts of individualistic or collectivistic cultures.
- Describe whether you come from an individualistic or collectivistic culture (or both).
- Support this assertion by clearly identifying, discussing and reflecting on 5 characteristics from the chapter that fit you best and 5 characteristics that fit you least.
- Discuss how a difference in culture (individualistic and collectivistic) between client and provider might contribute to miscommunication and ethical conflicts.
- Include at least 3 peer-reviewed articles that support your discussion.
Explanation & Answer
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Running Head: THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
The Electronic Health Records
Subject
Date
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THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
The Electronic Health Records
Introduction
The electronic health record refers to the electronic version of imputing the patient’s’
medical history into the health system. It is maintained by a provider for quite a long time. It may
comprise of the institution’s administrative data which are relevant to the provider such as
demographics. The major concepts of the electronic health records usually comprise of a wide
range of data system obtained from different sources. The sources include files which are
compiled by single departments to the other collections of the patients’ data. The records are
used for primary, secondary and tertiary information purposes.
The electronic health records are used by different people in a health care institution, i.e.
the clinical staffs enter data as dictated by the physicians and nurses, while other information are
usually validated by the physicians and fed into EHRs by the patients themselves. The types of
data stored in EHRs are diversified depending on the patients’ medical history, physical
examination, diaries and many other information. According to the past research by (Ambinder,
2017), it has been identified that the gap in EHRs should be filled by incorporation of different
types of standardized tools, conducting electronic interviews and enabling the nursing
documentation schemes
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THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
Negative Effects of Electronic Health Records
Despite the magnitude of the patients’ health records that are made available to the
relevant bodies, there are some of the information that are confidential to patients that should be
concealed, states (Kalra & Ingram, 2014). They can only be made available with the consent of
the patient due to ethical issues. This method have an efficient ways of handling different
magnitudes of patients complications hence preferred by many physicians. Despite of its
efficacy, there are some weaknesses that have been outlined in various studies that are affiliated
with the Electronic Health Records.
The weaknesses of EHRs mentioned include the reduction of eye contact between the
doctor and the patient. This is due to the activities such as keyboarding and sometimes the screen
gaze which has impaired the relationship between physicians and patients. This has greatly
reduced on the emotional support and the good rapport the physicians could have created with
the patients. The use of Electronic Health records has negatively affected the physician-patient
centered communication which was majorly meant to increase on transparency of the patient as
well as the moral support from the physician. There is also a concern on the amplification of the
behavioral characteristics of the physicians in response to their patients regarding medical record
use as studied by (Jensen, Jensen, & Brunak, 2012).
In line with the research work done by (Hoerbst & Ammenwerth, 2010), it was found that
the disadvantages of the electronic method is highly dependent on the costs incurred. The startup
costs are usually due to the conversion of all the charts that were used from their manual form to
electronic form. Purchasing the required equipment that are used for recording purposes is an
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THE ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
additional cost which could have been made affordable by use of paper, files and cabinets. The
skilled labor is also a requirement since the use of electronic methods demands for a frequent
computer user. This may also add on further training of the medical practitioners on the use of
electronic medical records which is somehow expensive to impose within the given timeline.
Some of the patients may also find themselves in the transitional state whereby their old records
and medical history have not yet been updated into the electronic form and it may be out of the
physician’s consent. The patients may end up being disadvantaged in the treatment due to lack of
some information.
The threats on the medical records insecurity has also been a concern. Some of the patient
records are confidential and should be secured from any intruder. Access of such data are denied
without the patients’ permission. Despite of the confidentiality, the electronic records is exposed
to the threats of hackers who may be ultimately able to access the data in spite of the security
precautions hence the confidential information may be leaked out. This has scared many patients
hence lack of trust in the electronic health records.
Positive Impacts of Electronic Heal...