The Presidency

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News Journal Written Assignment:

News Journals require you to relate current events to the topics covered within POS 2041, American National Government. For this Journal you will select your own article. The article you select will determine your success on this Journal. The article must be about The President, and illustrate a concept discussed in your textbook. The news article you select must itself be at least 4 paragraphs in length and come from a major, national news source.

For a list of sources and search possibilities please go to the Media tab, on the POS 2041 Lib page. Create your Journal meeting the criteria we have been using and addressing each of the elements below.

  1. Summary - Summarize in paragraph form the facts and issues presented in the article. Please document the source of your information with a parenthetical reference.
  2. Application - Apply one or more concepts from your textbook to the information in the news article. Specifically explain how the material in your textbook is illustrated in the article you are examining. This can be accomplished by using examples from the article and terms or concepts found in the textbook.
  3. Analysis - Provide an analysis that identifies the perspective presented in the article and compare it to your understanding of principles of the Constitution of the United States including the delegated or inherent powers of the president or the roles of the president.
  • In order to receive credit, you are required to:
    • Divide your assignment into paragraphs and identify each section by number and title as listed above.
    • Submit your response in at least 350 words, excluding the title page and reference page.
    • Provide in-text citations and references in the APA writing format.

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American Government Roots and Reform Thirteenth Edition Chapter 7 The Presidency Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Learning Objectives 7.1 Describe the constitutional provisions that provide the roots of the American presidency. 7.2 Identify the roles and responsibilities of the president under the Constitution. 7.3 Trace the expansion of presidential power. 7.4 Describe the organization and functions of the Executive Office of the President. 7.5 Describe the relationship between the president and the public. 7.6 Describe the relationship between the president and the Congress. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.1 Roots of the Office of President of the United States • Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office • Rules of Succession Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.1 Presidential Qualifications and Terms of Office • Fear of Executive Power • Twenty-Second Amendment • Impeachment • Executive Privilege Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.1 Who Has Served as President of the United States? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.1 Rules of Succession • Presidential Succession Act • Twenty-Fifth Amendment – Addresses vacancies in office of president and vice president Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Table 7.1 What Is the Presidential Line of Succession? 1. Vice President 10. Secretary of Commerce 2. Speaker of the House 11. Secretary of Labor 3. President Pro Tempore of the Senate 12. Secretary of Health and Human Services 4. Secretary of State 13. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development 5. Secretary of the Treasury 14. Secretary of Transportation 6. Secretary of Defense 15. Secretary of Energy 7. Attorney General 16. Secretary of Education 8. Secretary of the Interior 17. Secretary of Veteran Affairs 9. Secretary of Agriculture 18. Secretary of Homeland Security Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.1 Journal Prompt • Describe the constitutional provisions that provide the roots of the American presidency. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Constitutional Powers of the President • The Appointment Power • The Power to Convene Congress • The Power to Make Treaties • The Veto Power • The Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in Chief • The Pardoning Power Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Appointment Power • Ambassadors • Judges • Cabinet Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Power to Convene Congress • Used on “Extraordinary Occasions” – Times of crisis • State of the Union Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Power to Make Treaties • Treaties Require Senate Approval – Most treaties ratified – Senate rejected Treaty of Versailles after WWI. • Receiving Ambassadors – Recognizing existence of other nations • Executive Agreements Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Veto Power • “Qualified Negative” – Can be overridden by 2/3 vote of each chamber of Congress • Threat of the Veto Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Power to Preside over the Military as Commander in Chief • Most Important Executive Power • War Powers Resolution (1973) – Controversy over Vietnam War – Presidents must now seek prior approval to use force. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 The Pardoning Power • Check on the Judicial Branch • Can Be Issue Before or After Conviction • Cannot Be Used for Impeachment • Ford Pardons Nixon. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.2 Journal Prompt • Identify the roles and responsibilities of the president under the Constitution. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 The Development and Expansion of Presidential Power • Establishing Presidential Authority: The First Presidents • Incremental Expansion of Presidential Powers: 1809– 1933 • Creating the Modern Presidency Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 Establishing Presidential Authority: The First Presidents • George Washington – Established the primacy of the national government – Established the Cabinet system – Asserted president’s role in foreign affairs • John Adams – Poor leadership hastened development of political parties • Thomas Jefferson – Claimed inherent powers – Doubled size of nation through Louisiana Purchase Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 Incremental Expansion of Presidential Powers: 1809–1933 • Andrew Jackson – Democratization of the presidency – Rewarded loyal followers with presidential appointments – Used veto power • Abraham Lincoln – Extraordinary war powers Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 How Did Abraham Lincoln Expand Presidential Power? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 Creating the Modern Presidency • Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) – Great Depression – New Deal – World War II Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.3 Journal Prompt • Trace the expansion of presidential power. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 The Presidential Establishment • The Vice President • The Cabinet • Presidential Spouses • The Executive Office of the President (EOP) • The White House Staff Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 The Vice President • Balancing the Ticket • Increasing Role in Modern Presidency Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 The Cabinet • Informal Institution • Heads of Federal Agencies and Executive Departments • Assists the President in Executing Laws and Making Decisions Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 Presidential Spouses • Informal Advisors • Powerful First Ladies – Abigail Adams – Edith Bolling Galt Wilson – Eleanor Roosevelt Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 What Do Presidential Spouses Do? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 The Executive Office of the President (EOP) • FDR Established to Oversee New Deal Programs (1939) • Now Includes Several Agencies – Council of Economic Advisors – Office of Management and Budget – Office of the Vice President – Office of the U.S. Trade Representative – National Security Council Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 The White House Staff • Includes Personal Assistants and Senior Aides – Chief of Staff • Not Subject to Senate Confirmation • No Independent Legal Authority • Power Derives from Personal Relationship with the President Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.4 Journal Prompt • Describe the organization and functions of the Executive Office of the President. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 Presidential Leadership and the Importance of Public Opinion • Presidential Leadership and Personality • Going Public • The President and Public Opinion Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 Presidential Leadership and Personality • Leadership Is an Elusive Concept. • The “Power to Persuade” – Enables presidents to get policy goals enacted and win public support Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 Going Public • Roosevelt’s Bully Pulpit • Bypassing Congress to Gain Public Support • Technology Makes Communication Easier. – Radio – TV – Computers – Cell phones – Social media Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 Why Do Presidents “Go Public”? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 The President and Public Opinion • Approval Ratings – Impact on president’s policy agenda – Cyclical pattern ▪ Honeymoon period ▪ Declining support over time Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.5 Journal Prompt • Describe the relationship between the president and the public. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.6 Toward Reform: The President as Policy Maker • The President’s Role on Proposing and Facilitating Legislation • The Budgetary Process and Legislative Implementation • Policy Making Through Executive Order Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The President’s Role in Proposing and Facilitating Legislation • Importance of proposing legislation early in term • Role of party loyalty Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.6 The Budgetary Process and Legislative Implementation • Role of OMB – Prepare president’s budget for Congress – Review agency budgets – Create economic forecasts Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.6 How Important Is a Balanced Budget? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.6 Policy Making through Executive Order • Executive Orders – Have the effect of law – Do not require congressional approval • Signing Statements – Written comments attached to a bill signed by the president Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.6 Journal Prompt • Describe the relationship between the president and the Congress. Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved 7.7 Shared Writing • Consider the topic of the “American Politics in Comparative Perspective” feature. What areas of domestic or foreign policy would be impacted if the United States were to split the head of state and the head of government roles? Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Photo Credits Chapter 7 152: Matthew Cavanaugh/European press photo agency/Alamy Stock Photo; 155: Charles Dharapak/AP Images; 156: Tim Sloan/AFP/Getty Images; 159: Bettmann/Getty Images; 159: Charles Dharapak/AP Images; 159: John Bryson/The LIFE Images Collection/Getty Images; 159: MPI/Archive Photos/Getty Images; 159: Ruth Fremson/AP Images; 163 Encyclopaedia Britannica/Universal Images Group/Getty Images; 165: Roberto Schmidt/AFP/Getty Images; 166: Kuttig Travel/Alamy Stock Photo; 166: Mervyn Rees/Alamy Stock Photo; 166: Roy Conchie/Alamy Stock Photo; 168: Susan Walsh/AP Images; 170: Scott J. Applewhite/AP Images Copyright © 2018, 2016, 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
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Summary

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