Sonogram, Scortal

User Generated

Ybev Unjxvaf

Health Medical

Description

Please watch the you tube and write 4 pages (11 pt) about (1) clinical finding , (2) Sonography findings of the disease. Please don't use other sources. Thanks

User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

Attached.

Surname 1

Student’s name
Professor’s name
Course
Date
Scrotal Neoplasm
Testicular Neoplasm is vital to distinguish at an early stage. These masses could either be
intratesticular or extratesticular. An intratesticular mass is most often a malignant neoplasm
while an extratesticular is typically benign lesions. Malignant testicular tumors are divided into
two categories, the germ cell origin and other malignancies. Testicular tumors of germ cell origin
can be seminoma, embryonal cell CA, teratocarcinoma, chlorocarcinoma or of mixed germ cell
tumors. Other malignancies found inside the testicles can be sertoli cell CA, metastatic disease or
Leydig cell CA. germ cell tumors account for the majority of the malignant testicular tumors
diagnoses, approximately 95 percent with only 5 percent of the diagnosis being from other
malignancies. When an ultrasound is done, with a transverse view, the testicle with the tumor can
be identified from the adjacent unaffected scrotum. In a longitudinal view, the affected scrotum
can be further diagnosed. This manuscript will discuss the clinical and sonography findings of
different scrotal conditions.
Sonography findings
Ideally, a scrotum is evaluated using ultra sound because of its external location.
Typically, high frequency probes are used during the evaluation particularly the 7.5 and 15MHz
frequencies. The probes are commonly linear or curvilinear transducers. When evaluating the

Surname 2

scrota, it is vital to evaluate the two of them adjacently both the transverse view for comparison
of echogenicity and size. Longitudinal views of the scrotum are also taken to determine
homogenous echotexture, the epidydums, and epidydmal head. Testicular blood flow begins with
blood flow into the testicular artery which then branches and flows into the capsucular arteries
which travel into the periphery of the testicles. The capsucular arteries branch into the centripetal
branches that provide blood flow into the branches created in the testicles parenchyma.
Blood flow into the testicle is evaluated using Doppler findings. Testicular tumors
commonly have increased vascularity while flow in the vessel usually has low resistance.
However, malignant tumors and benign tumors both have the same level of reduced flow
resistance and increased vascularity thus making it difficult to use color Doppler to distinguish
between a malignant tumors from a benign tumor.
Scrotal Malignant Tumors
95 percent of malignant tumors diagnoses are from germ cell origin while the reaming 5
percent are from other malignancies. Commonly, testicular tumors are as a result of testicular
metastases from cancers such as leukemia, genitourinanary primaries, lymphoma and other
primaries. In most instances, ultrasound findings of testicular metastases would show focal
masses while in some few cases such as in leukemia or lymphoma, the metastatic lesions will be
diffuse infiltration. About 5 percent of testicular neoplasm is benign tumors. In such cases, they
are usually dermoid, epidermoid and Leydig cell. In a color Doppler finding, most benign tumors
look exactly like malignant tumors.
It is important to remember that when making a tumor diagnosis of a patient, their
previous history should not ...


Anonymous
I was struggling with this subject, and this helped me a ton!

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Related Tags