Physics lab

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PRE-LABORATORY ASSIGNMENT 1. Define the index of refraction. 2. State the law of reflection. Use a diagram to define the angles involved. 3. State Snell's law. Define terms and angles using a diagram. 4. A light ray is incident on a plane interface between two media. The ray makes an incident angle with the normal of 25.0° in a medium of n=1.25. What is the angle that the refracted ray makes with the normal if the second medium has n=1.55? Show your work. COPYRIGHT © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole 407 408 Physics Laboratory Manual Loyd 5. A 60.0° prism has an index of refraction of 1.45 as shown below. A ray is incident as shown at an angle of 60.0° to the normal of one of the prism faces. Trace the ray on through the prism and find the angles 02, 03, and 04 as defined in the laboratory instructions. Show your work. 60° n = 1.00 n=1.00- 60° n = 1.45 Physics Laboratory Manual · Loyd 40 LABORATORY Reflection and Refraction with the Ray Box OBJECTIVES Investigate for reflection from a plane surface, the dependence of the angle of reflection on the angle of incidence. Investigate refraction of rays from air into a transparent plastic medium. Determine the index of refraction of a plastic prism from direct measurement of incident and refracted angles of a light ray. Investigate the focal properties of spherical reflecting and refracting surfaces. . EQUIPMENT LIST Ray box, 60.0° prism, plano-convex lens, circular metal reflecting surfaces Converging lens, diverging lens, protractor, straightedge, compass Sharp hard-lead pencil, black tape, several sheets of white paper . . THEORY Reflection The reflection of light from a plane surface is described by the law of reflection, which states that the angle of incidence 0; is equal to the angle of reflection 0r. The angles are measured with respect to a line perpendicular to the surface. Reflection from a plane mirror or a plane piece of glass are examples of the law of reflection. In Figure 40-1(a) several incident rays and reflected rays are shown for a plane surface. The angle of incidence 0; is seen to be equal to the angle of reflection 0r. COPYRIGHT © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole Refraction In general, light rays incident on a plane interface will be partially reflected and partially transmitted into the second medium. The transmitted ray undergoes a change in direction because the speed of light is different for different media. The ray is said to be refracted. This is illustrated in Figure 40-1(b). The angle of incidence is 01, and the angle of refraction is 02. The speed of light in a vacuum is c (~3.00 x 108 m/s), the maximum possible speed of light. For any material the speed of light is v where v Sc. A quantity called the index of refraction n for any medium is THOMSON © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole, a part of The Thomson Corporation. Thomson, the Star logo, and Brooks/Cole are trademarks used herein under license. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work - covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording taping web distribution, information storage and retrieval systems, or in any other manner—without the written permission of the publisher BROOKS/COLE 401 10 COPYRIGHT © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole Refraction In general, light rays incident on a plane interface will be partially reflected and partially transmitted into the second medium. The transmitted ray undergoes a change in direction because the speed of light is different for different media. The ray is said to be refracted. This is illustrated in Figure 40-1(b). The angle of incidence is 01, and the angle of refraction is 02. The speed of light in a vacuum is c (~3.00 x 108 m/s), the maximum possible speed of light. For any material the speed of light is v where v Sc. A quantity called the index of refraction n for any medium is THOMSON © 2008 Thomson Brooks/Cole, a part of The Thomson Corporation Thomson, the Star logo, and Brooks/Cole are trademarks used herein under license. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work - covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, web distribution, information BROOKS/COLE storage and retrieval systems, or in any other manner—without the written permission of the publisher 401 402 Physics Laboratory Manual Loyd Reflection at Plane Surface Refraction at Plane Surface Reflecting Surface n sin 01 = n2 sin 02 n2 02 Ray 1 Ray 1 n1/01) Ray 2 Ray 2 Ray 3 Ray 3 Normal to Surface (a) Normal to Surface (b) Figure 40-1 Illustration of reflection and refraction of light rays at a plane surface. defined by n=c/v. Because v sc, the only allowed values of n are n 2 1. The relationship (Snell's law) between the angle of incidence 0, and the refracted angle 02 is ni sin 01 = n2 sin 02 (Eq. 1) When nj>n2, Equation 1 implies that 0,
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Awesome! Perfect study aid.

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