Lab report

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Humanities

Description

For this assignment, you will participate in an online experiment on reaction time located within the psychology learning tools". Once you have completed the experiment you will need to analyze data (I will give you data) and write a lab report (7- 10 pages) in APA style consisting of the following sections:

  • Title Page
  • Abstract
  • Introduction
  • Method
  • Results
  • Discussion
  • References
  • Appendix with IRB form

Just like the mini lab report, you will participate in the online experiment so you know what the experiment is like. You will be given the data to analyze.

Here is the data file:Data

You will write the report as if you were the researcher conducting the experiment. You have some options in your research question for this project. The data you are given includes the gender and age of the participants as well as three columns of results data (from 3 tasks). If you have a particular interest and want to modify the data, you have that choice. We will talk about this in week 4. (I chose music as a reaction distraction)

Careful attention must be paid to APA style as it represents a significant portion of your grade for the paper and is an intended learning outcome for the course. At the end of the term you will submit your completed paper to your assignment folder.


In addition to presenting your work in a paper, you will create a graphical representation in the form of a scientific poster. The poster must include your title, name, abstract, introduction, method, results, discussion, and references. Be aware that the poster is not simply a reiteration of the work you did for the paper, but instead is almost of snapshot of what you have done. (Attached is a sample)

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Gender Age Time In Experiment Simple GNG Choice F F F F F F F M M M M M M M F F F F M M M M F F F F F M M M M F F F F F F F M M M M 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 493.34 458.07 466.59 1052.4 364.27 421 554.11 63.862 77.953 414.57 438.23 329.55 387.26 310 403.72 328.25 568.23 365.55 55.438 54.522 50.014 399.84 225.62 349.3 400.94 469.16 377.96 359.98 160.13 124.02 50.095 386.39 363 345.54 328.54 351.88 447.5 657.39 494.54 302.03 393.03 310.9 0.186 0.191 0.288 0.231 0.267 0.231 0.352 0.257 0.238 0.248 0.397 0.365 0.299 0.336 0.214 0.227 0.243 0.313 0.413 0.262 0.363 0.417 0.262 0.288 0.234 0.199 0.194 0.333 0.204 0.228 0.416 0.259 0.257 0.243 0.214 0.301 0.281 0.327 0.584 0.267 0.441 0.303 0.434 0.505 0.449 0.292 0.339 0.306 0.431 0.44 0.362 0.401 0.334 0.38 0.345 0.408 0.3 0.403 0.506 0.397 0.364 0.336 0.315 0.382 0.283 0.37 0.306 0.346 0.595 0.405 0.267 0.283 0.572 0.393 0.501 0.338 0.695 0.39 0.466 0.385 0.558 0.331 0.375 0.376 0.325 0.369 0.473 0.508 0.532 0.372 0.413 0.427 0.377 0.306 0.375 0.428 0.351 0.389 0.282 0.374 0.385 0.335 0.361 0.375 0.314 0.405 0.442 0.375 0.314 0.34 0.483 0.382 0.265 0.295 0.485 0.548 0.478 0.387 0.423 0.372 0.349 0.499 0.481 0.389 0.443 0.513 M M M M F F F F F M M F M M M F F F M M M M M F F M M M F F F F F M M M F F F M F F M M 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 313.73 55.787 87.232 410.5 277.09 451.67 349.12 598.29 373.9 361.15 967.9 798.71 436.63 440.83 93.294 89.676 103.83 131.52 435.46 197.17 362.13 76.886 443.37 184.78 505.51 402.59 297.33 423.04 125.76 398.08 418.26 65.518 64.162 72.887 165 396.3 412.47 440.31 1053.5 379.37 374.3 1009.8 328.23 302.34 0.223 0.233 0.612 0.244 0.558 0.31 0.264 0.299 0.354 0.302 0.286 0.323 0.314 0.308 0.428 0.449 0.284 0.38 2.327 1.752 0.281 0.572 0.306 0.666 0.921 0.372 0.301 0.42 0.343 0.21 0.258 0.202 0.24 0.85 0.858 1.473 0.352 0.27 0.238 0.34 0.241 0.246 0.308 0.282 0.253 0.302 0.536 0.313 0.485 0.466 0.337 0.371 0.916 0.459 0.315 0.385 0.322 0.388 0.337 0.393 0.353 0.335 0.562 0.589 0.43 0.371 0.438 0.463 0.738 0.391 0.392 0.38 0.501 0.303 0.422 0.309 0.334 0.688 0.788 0.416 0.635 0.417 0.299 0.479 0.422 0.318 0.337 0.359 0.331 0.325 0.906 0.351 0.476 0.518 0.359 0.341 0.446 0.587 0.389 0.952 0.366 0.457 0.362 0.349 0.876 0.368 0.837 0.552 0.406 0.436 0.581 0.458 0.259 0.38 0.379 0.367 0.467 0.451 0.247 0.387 0.346 0.695 1.548 0.416 0.341 0.295 0.29 0.504 0.38 0.34 0.396 0.412 M M F M F F F M M M F F F M M M F M M M F F F F M M F M F F M F F M M M M F F F M F M F 27 27 28 28 30 30 30 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 34 34 34 34 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 37 38 39 39 39 39 40 40 41 449.84 554.61 307.19 935.1 173.78 109.81 646.82 85.602 301.95 205.92 243.14 140.59 471.95 570.4 423.53 572.5 407.49 452.92 90.465 107.7 96.402 528.17 575.44 380.1 101.41 146.06 523.02 94.281 353.62 75.004 379.34 97.995 83.701 442.37 1145.7 253.31 88.722 496.77 67.835 109.26 427.23 339.86 324.75 418.55 0.384 0.272 0.295 0.27 1.268 0.704 0.334 0.982 0.377 0.427 0.37 1.138 1.345 0.999 0.301 0.316 0.361 0.421 0.343 0.458 0.689 1.196 5.668 0.745 0.403 0.421 0.457 0.471 1.774 1.147 0.325 0.375 0.989 0.605 2.57 0.428 0.348 0.326 1.171 0.533 0.41 1.433 1.479 0.428 0.281 0.348 0.38 0.37 1.362 0.366 0.528 0.352 0.537 0.331 0.471 0.385 0.621 0.422 0.426 0.457 0.54 0.537 0.373 0.399 0.359 0.412 0.579 0.361 0.378 0.518 0.507 0.687 1.076 0.759 0.381 0.427 0.581 0.432 0.557 0.547 0.661 0.407 0.655 0.738 0.513 0.366 0.382 0.377 0.292 0.824 0.489 0.408 0.485 0.421 0.479 0.346 0.515 0.463 0.807 0.793 0.533 0.619 0.493 0.489 0.696 1.261 0.541 0.376 0.697 0.68 0.509 0.434 0.496 0.613 0.547 0.77 1.165 0.766 0.398 0.475 0.47 0.347 0.532 0.564 0.413 0.382 0.515 1.798 0.533 0.371 0.509 0.653 F F M F F F F M M M M M F F M F M M F M F M F F M M F F M M 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 43 43 44 44 44 45 45 45 46 46 48 49 49 50 50 53 53 54 54 55 55 56 58 MEAN SD 104.47 0.335 0.521 0.421 112.04 0.609 0.398 0.442 764.9 1.828 0.423 0.378 475.71 0.575 0.408 0.452 445.29 1.893 0.972 1.028 371.57 0.323 0.601 0.537 230.58 1.031 0.652 0.628 71.13 4.428 0.413 0.586 319.03 0.413 0.494 0.485 389.09 0.667 0.34 0.479 315.16 2.453 0.513 0.545 951.13 1.294 0.334 0.408 127.49 0.523 0.605 0.459 137.35 3.072 0.517 0.712 360.73 0.461 0.529 0.551 70.954 0.433 0.38 0.544 90.933 3.459 0.591 1.046 339.81 1.346 0.471 0.53 91.29 0.495 0.641 3.334 101.31 3.342 0.438 0.418 135.55 1.862 0.548 7.234 101.92 3.353 0.444 0.915 80.301 4.093 0.353 0.393 66.504 3.856 0.403 0.703 77.673 3.651 0.499 0.537 392.04 0.854 0.468 0.467 101.06 0.756 0.424 0.472 128.55 0.409 0.434 0.36 399.51 1.179 0.43 0.429 109.57 4.268 0.326 0.656 330.581113 0.762438 0.452669 0.56115 223.855825 0.954581 0.151755 0.615708 Gender Age Time In Experiment Simple GNG Choice Gender Age F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 21 21 21 22 23 23 23 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 26 26 26 493.34 458.07 466.59 1052.4 364.27 421 554.11 403.72 328.25 568.23 365.55 225.62 349.3 400.94 469.16 377.96 386.39 363 345.54 328.54 351.88 447.5 657.39 277.09 451.67 349.12 598.29 373.9 798.71 89.676 103.83 131.52 184.78 505.51 125.76 398.08 418.26 65.518 64.162 412.47 440.31 1053.5 0.186 0.191 0.288 0.231 0.267 0.231 0.352 0.214 0.227 0.243 0.313 0.262 0.288 0.234 0.199 0.194 0.259 0.257 0.243 0.214 0.301 0.281 0.327 0.558 0.31 0.264 0.299 0.354 0.323 0.449 0.284 0.38 0.666 0.921 0.343 0.21 0.258 0.202 0.24 0.352 0.27 0.238 0.434 0.505 0.449 0.292 0.339 0.306 0.431 0.3 0.403 0.506 0.397 0.283 0.37 0.306 0.346 0.595 0.393 0.501 0.338 0.695 0.39 0.466 0.385 0.485 0.466 0.337 0.371 0.916 0.385 0.393 0.353 0.335 0.463 0.738 0.501 0.303 0.422 0.309 0.334 0.635 0.417 0.299 0.325 0.369 0.473 0.508 0.532 0.372 0.413 0.282 0.374 0.385 0.335 0.442 0.375 0.314 0.34 0.483 0.548 0.478 0.387 0.423 0.372 0.349 0.499 0.476 0.518 0.359 0.341 0.446 0.952 0.349 0.876 0.368 0.458 0.259 0.467 0.451 0.247 0.387 0.346 0.341 0.295 0.29 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 17 17 17 17 17 17 17 18 18 18 18 19 19 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 26 27 27 F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 27 27 28 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 33 33 34 34 35 36 36 37 37 39 39 39 40 41 41 41 42 43 43 43 45 45 46 49 50 53 53 55 55 MEAN SD 374.3 0.241 0.422 0.38 1009.8 0.246 0.318 0.34 307.19 0.295 0.38 0.489 173.78 1.268 1.362 0.485 109.81 0.704 0.366 0.421 646.82 0.334 0.528 0.479 243.14 0.37 0.471 0.807 140.59 1.138 0.385 0.793 471.95 1.345 0.621 0.533 407.49 0.361 0.54 0.696 96.402 0.689 0.359 0.697 528.17 1.196 0.412 0.68 575.44 5.668 0.579 0.509 380.1 0.745 0.361 0.434 523.02 0.457 0.507 0.547 353.62 1.774 1.076 1.165 75.004 1.147 0.759 0.766 97.995 0.375 0.427 0.475 83.701 0.989 0.581 0.47 496.77 0.326 0.407 0.382 67.835 1.171 0.655 0.515 109.26 0.533 0.738 1.798 339.86 1.433 0.366 0.371 418.55 0.428 0.377 0.653 104.47 0.335 0.521 0.421 112.04 0.609 0.398 0.442 475.71 0.575 0.408 0.452 445.29 1.893 0.972 1.028 371.57 0.323 0.601 0.537 230.58 1.031 0.652 0.628 127.49 0.523 0.605 0.459 137.35 3.072 0.517 0.712 70.954 0.433 0.38 0.544 91.29 0.495 0.641 3.334 135.55 1.862 0.548 7.234 80.301 4.093 0.353 0.393 66.504 3.856 0.403 0.703 101.06 0.756 0.424 0.472 128.55 0.409 0.434 0.36 342.348296 0.694086 0.478346 0.619852 222.237241 0.917079 0.183621 0.838678 M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 27 27 28 30 30 30 31 31 31 32 32 32 34 34 35 36 37 37 37 38 39 40 41 43 43 44 44 44 45 46 48 49 50 54 54 56 58 MEAN SD Time In Experiment Simple GNG Choice 63.862 77.953 414.57 438.23 329.55 387.26 310 55.438 54.522 50.014 399.84 359.98 160.13 124.02 50.095 494.54 302.03 393.03 310.9 313.73 55.787 87.232 410.5 361.15 967.9 436.63 440.83 93.294 435.46 197.17 362.13 76.886 443.37 402.59 297.33 423.04 72.887 165 396.3 379.37 328.23 302.34 0.257 0.238 0.248 0.397 0.365 0.299 0.336 0.413 0.262 0.363 0.417 0.333 0.204 0.228 0.416 0.584 0.267 0.441 0.303 0.223 0.233 0.612 0.244 0.302 0.286 0.314 0.308 0.428 2.327 1.752 0.281 0.572 0.306 0.372 0.301 0.42 0.85 0.858 1.473 0.34 0.308 0.282 0.44 0.362 0.401 0.334 0.38 0.345 0.408 0.364 0.336 0.315 0.382 0.405 0.267 0.283 0.572 0.558 0.331 0.375 0.376 0.253 0.302 0.536 0.313 0.459 0.315 0.322 0.388 0.337 0.562 0.589 0.43 0.371 0.438 0.391 0.392 0.38 0.688 0.788 0.416 0.479 0.337 0.359 0.427 0.377 0.306 0.375 0.428 0.351 0.389 0.361 0.375 0.314 0.405 0.382 0.265 0.295 0.485 0.481 0.389 0.443 0.513 0.331 0.325 0.906 0.351 0.587 0.389 0.366 0.457 0.362 0.837 0.552 0.406 0.436 0.581 0.38 0.379 0.367 0.695 1.548 0.416 0.504 0.396 0.412 449.84 0.384 0.281 0.292 554.61 0.272 0.348 0.824 935.1 0.27 0.37 0.408 85.602 0.982 0.352 0.346 301.95 0.377 0.537 0.515 205.92 0.427 0.331 0.463 570.4 0.999 0.422 0.619 423.53 0.301 0.426 0.493 572.5 0.316 0.457 0.489 452.92 0.421 0.537 1.261 90.465 0.343 0.373 0.541 107.7 0.458 0.399 0.376 101.41 0.403 0.378 0.496 146.06 0.421 0.518 0.613 94.281 0.471 0.687 0.77 379.34 0.325 0.381 0.398 442.37 0.605 0.432 0.347 1145.7 2.57 0.557 0.532 253.31 0.428 0.547 0.564 88.722 0.348 0.661 0.413 427.23 0.41 0.513 0.533 324.75 1.479 0.382 0.509 764.9 1.828 0.423 0.378 71.13 4.428 0.413 0.586 319.03 0.413 0.494 0.485 389.09 0.667 0.34 0.479 315.16 2.453 0.513 0.545 951.13 1.294 0.334 0.408 360.73 0.461 0.529 0.551 90.933 3.459 0.591 1.046 339.81 1.346 0.471 0.53 101.31 3.342 0.438 0.418 101.92 3.353 0.444 0.915 77.673 3.651 0.499 0.537 392.04 0.854 0.468 0.467 399.51 1.179 0.43 0.429 109.57 4.268 0.326 0.656 318.51603 0.832519 0.426342 0.500962 226.28127 0.992508 0.10477 0.210023 Blockade of the Behavioral Effects of Gamma-hydroxybutyrate by GHB and GABA-B Receptor Antagonists 1 Goodwin , K.M. T. 3 Burlingame , Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is an endogenous substance found in the brain, as well as a drug of abuse. In recent years, GHB has begun to receive more attention due to an increase in reports of nonmedical use and a sharp rise in medical emergencies associated with illicit use of GHB. When administered systemically, GHB produces CNS depressant effects that are similar to those produced by classic sedative-hypnotics such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines. GHB also produces a range of adverse effects including agitation, dizziness, nausea/vomiting, seizures, bradycardia, respiratory depression, and unconsciousness. Although once used as an anesthetic, the only therapeutic and legal use of GHB is currently for the treatment of narcolepsy The neurobiological mechanisms by which GHB produces its behavioral effects are unknown. GHB does not directly modulate GABAA receptors, which are the primary mechanism for the behavioral actions of both barbiturates and benzodiazepines. GHB binds to two receptor sites in the CNS, the GHB receptor and the GABA-B receptor. The current study characterized the behavioral effects of acute GHB administration in baboons and evaluated if the GHB antagonist NCS382 and the GABA-B antagonist CGP36742 would block the behavioral effects of GHB. Figure 1. Effects of GHB on food-maintained behavior 320 GHB 320 GHB 320 GHB + 10 CGP + 32 CGP + 56 CGP Postures 4 0 1 0 Lip droop 3 0 0 0 Ataxia 3 0 1a 0 Defecation with Diarrhea 2 0 0 Vomiting 2 1 3 0 GHB Dose (mg/kg) Four adult male baboons (Papio anubis) with chronic indwelling intragastric (IG) catheters Catheters were protected by a vest/tether system that permitted free movement within the cage 320 GHB + .1 NCS (n=4) 320 GHB 320 GHB + .32 NCS +1 NCS (n=4) (n=3) Figure 6. Effects of NCS-382 pretreatment on the fine motor task Vehicle 320 mg/kg GHB 320 mg/kg GHB+NCS-382 320 GHB +3.2 NCS (n=4) 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 2 0 2 2 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1b 2 2 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Vehicle 320 mg/kg GHB 320 mg/kg GHB+NCS-382 Drug Figure 7. Effects of CGP36742 pretreatment on the fine motor task Figure 2. Effects of GHB on fine motor task Bridge Light Sessions were controlled remotely by PCs with MED Associates Software and hardware Experiment 1: Effects Of GHB alone ▪ 150 mls of GHB or water (VEH) administered as a bolus infusion ▪ FR schedule of pellet delivery during daily 20-hr sessions beginning 60- GHB Dose (mg/kg) min after drug administration Frequency and duration of 21 behaviors and 8 postures observed during 60 min periods beginning 60-min after drug or VEH infusion 320 mg/kg GHB 320 mg/kg GHB+CGP36742 Time (sec) ▪ Jewel Lights Levers Vehicle Number of Pellets Pellet Hopper Distilled water (450 mls/day) was infused continuously via a peristaltic pump to maintain catheter patency The home cage served as the experimental cage and was equipped with an intelligence panel containing a Lindsley lever, a speaker, stimulus lights and a food hopper for the experimental control of behavior ▪ and E.M. 1 Weerts Figure 4. Effects of NCS-382pretreatment on foodmaintained behavior ▪ ▪ 320 GHB ALONE Head Lower Posture Tremor Jerk Duration (sec) ▪ Experiment 2: Results Table 2. Number of subjects showing behavioral signs of sedation, muscle relaxation and abdominal discomfort after antagonists + GHB administration Dose (mg/kg) Methods ▪ C. 4 Jakobs , Division of Behavioral Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; 2 Novartis Pharma AG, Basel Switzerland; 3Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA; 4Clin. Chem., VU University Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA Introduction ▪ E.E.W. 4 Jansen , Time (sec) 1 W. 3 Gibson , Number of Pellets A.K. 2 Froestl , Figure 3. GHB in blood Figure 5. Effects of CGP36742 pretreatment on foodmaintained behavior Vehicle Fine motor task presented immediately before and again after the 60min observation period. 320 mg/kg GHB 320 mg/kg GHB+CGP36742 Summary and Conclusions ▪ Number of Pellets Experiment 1: Results Table 1. Number of subjects showing behavioral signs of sedation, muscle relaxation and abdominal discomfort after GHB administration GHB Dose (mg/kg) 100 (n=4) 180 (n=4) 240 (n=4) 320 (n=4) Resting Postures 1 2 3 4 3 Lip droop 0 1 1 3 2 Ataxia 0 1 1 3 2 Experiment 2: Effects of GABA-B and GHB antagonists on the behavioral effects of GHB Defecation with Diarrhea 0 0 2 2 2* ▪ Vomiting 0 0 1 2 2* 1 0 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 2 Head Lower Posture Tremors Jerks 420 (n=3*) *Baboon KH projectile vomiting and diarrhea within 20 min after dosing-no observation ▪ NCS-382 (0.1-3.2 mg/kg), CGP36742 (10-56 mg/kg), or VEH (sterile water) injected IM immediately prior to IG infusion of 320 mg/kg GHB or VEH All other procedures the same as Experiment 1 ▪ ▪ ▪ GHB dose-dependently reduced food-maintained behavior and disrupted performance on the fine motor task. Pre-treatment with a GABA-B antagonist restored food-maintained behavior to vehicle levels, while pre-treatment with a GHB receptor antagonist produced inconsistent effects. While GHB may share some behavioral effects with classic sedative hypnotics, the behavioral pharmacology of GHB is distinctly different These data are consistent with reports the GABA-B receptor plays an important role in the behavioral effects of acute doses of GHB The role of GHB receptors in mediating the behavioral effects of exogenously administered GHB remain unclear Acknowledgements ▪ ▪ Supported by NIH/NIDA R01-DA14919 (Weerts) GHB and NCS-382 were provided by NIDA drug Supply program; CGP36742 was provided by Novartis Pharma Title, Author(s) Affiliation Abstract – complete as submitted Introduction – include a couple of related studies to build a case Method Inferential Table Results Discussion References – only for sources cited on poster
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Music as a reaction distraction, Hope Timberlake, (Course)
Abstract
The impact of music on the ability of people to
concentrate have been evaluated. In this regard,
the influence that listening to music had on the
time required to perform different activities has
been recorded for a group of 160 people. The
people participating in the experiment were 1758 years old.
In order to verify the claim according to which
music has a stronger effect on the ability to
concentrate in the case of men, the people
were divided in two groups according to their
gender. The obtained results indicate that
women have higher GNG records than men (t = 2.202, p-value = 0.029). Additionally, it seems
that the age of the person may have a slight
impact on the time required to complete the
experiment. In this case, older people seem to
take longer on performing the different tasks,
even while this is not related to their gender (r =
0.165, p-value = 0.037)

Introduction
Multiple studies indicate that women
and men react different to music (Juslin
& Laukka, 2004). Further, they perceive
and listen to music differently, which
implies that the gender has a significant
influence on how music affects their
ability to concentrate on other tasks
like driving (Febriandirza et al., 2017)
or other feelings like pain (Dobek et al.,
2014)

Method
(COMPLETE)

Results

Hypotheses tested
The response to music perception
depends on:

Gender

Age

Simple

GNG

Choice

Discussion
The method needs to be re-evaluated in
order to reach accurate results. The high
coefficients of variation obtained between
the two groups (men and women) makes it
impossible to perform accurate analysis.
Consider including other variables in your
experiment or controlling them to avoid a
confounding effect that masks the influence
of the selected variables on the impact of
music perception.

References
Dobek et al. (2014). The Journal of Pain, 15(10), 1057-1068.
Febriandirza et al. (2017). Engineering Letters, 25(4), In
press. Retrieved from
http://www.engineeringletters.com/issues_v25/issue_4/EL
_25_4_13.pdf
Juslin et al. (2004). Journal of New Music Research, 33(3),
217-238.


Running head: MUSIC AS A REACTION DISTRACTION

Music as a Reaction Distraction
Hope Timberlake
(Course)
(Date)

1

MUSIC AS A REACTION DISTRACTION

2
Abstract

The impact of music on the ability of people to concentrate have been evaluated. In this regard,
the influence that listening to music had on the time required to perform different activities has
been recorded for a group of 160 people. The people participating in the experiment were 17-58
years old.
In order to verify the claim according to which music has a stronger effect on the ability to
concentrate in the case of men, the people were divided in two groups according to their gender.
The obtained results indicate that women have higher GNG records than men (t = -2.202, p-value
= 0.029). Additionally, it seems that the age of the person may have a slight impact on the time
required to complete the experiment. In this case, older people seem to take longer on
performing the different tasks, even while this is not related to their gender (r = 0.165, p-value =
0.037)
Keywords: music, perception, gender

MUSIC AS A REACTION DISTRACTION
Music as a Reaction Distraction
Introduction
In the words of Plato, music gives wings to the soul. There have been other matters that
show that people perceive and understand music differently (Juslin & Laukka, 2004). The focus
of the essay will be on the differences of the perception of music by men and women, and how
listening to music can distract them from their daily tasks by disrupting their ability to
concentrate on other tasks and/or feelings.
Multiple studies indicate that women and men react different to music (Juslin & Laukka,
2004). Further, they perceive and listen to music differently, which implies that the gender has a
significant influence on how music affects their ability to concentrate on other tasks like driving
(Febriandirza et al., 2017) or other feelings like pain (Dobek et al., 2014). These researchers
demonstrated how music had a significantly higher impact on the performance of other tasks in
the case of men compared than it did on the activities carried out by women. In this regard, men
typically claimed that they functioned best only when focused on one activity at a time.
Silvestrini et al. (2011) demonstrated that when older men and women shifted the gaze
from a music source, there was a major impact on the brain activity that resulted in a decreased
perception of the music and a regained perception of pain (Silvestrini et al., 2011). This study
indicates that the visual and auditive senses are interconnected, and that the impact of music on
the concentration ability of people depends on their possibility to see where music is c...


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