Laboratory Simulation: Reflection and Refraction (due 11.15.17) Learning goals     Familiarize with simulations of physical processes. Log raw data and plot graphs. Partially familiarize with the scientific method (phenomenon, prediction, experiment conclusion). Derive the dependence of the angle of refraction on the angle of incidence and the index of refraction. Simulation used “Refraction of light” (“bending-light_el.jar”) Theory / Definitions 1. Optical (or transparent) medium: ________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Index of refraction: ____________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ 4. Denote the angles of incidence and refraction . __________________________________________ 3. Refraction: _________________________________________ _________________________________________ __________________________________________ _________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Experiment 1: Dependence of angle of refraction on the angle of incidence Laser light falls from air to a transparent medium. Prediction: What do we expect to happen to the angle of refraction as the index of refraction of the transparent medium increases? Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 Set the angle of incidence at and leave it Don’t change unchanged 2 Measure the angle of refraction 1 Vary from 1.00 to 1.60 The laser is placed so that the angle of incidence equals 50 degrees. Table 1: Angle of reflaction vs the index of refraction Measurement Index of refraction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 2 Angle of refraction (degrees) Graph 1: Angle of reflaction vs the index of refraction Conclusion compared to our prediction: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 3 Experiment 2: Dependence of the angle of refraction on the angle of incidence Predictions/Hypothesis: What do we expect to happen to the angle of refraction as the angle of incidence increases? Explain. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Vary the angle of incidence ( 1 Keep unchanged ) 2 Measure the angle of refraction Table 2: Angle of refraction vs angle of incidence Measurement Angle of incidence (degrees) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 4 Angle of refraction (degrees) Graph 2: Angle of refraction vs angle of incidence Conclusion compared to the prediction: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 5 Conclusion: Theory predictions versus the results of the 2 experiments. A number of scientists between the 10th and the 17th centuries (Sahl, Snellius, Descartes) concluded that the following formula should relate the angle of incidence with the angle of refraction : Explain if the results of the 2 simulated experiments above are compatible with the formula. Experiment 1: __________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Experiment 2: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 6
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