PHI445

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unir2trgvg2

Humanities

ashford university

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Requirements for Replies to Other Threads:

  • At least two of the four posts required should be in the form of replies to fellow classmates in threads other than your own.
  • Each of your replies should be at least 200 words and informed by the course material. As such, the replies must have citations and references in APA notation. Your list of references for each reply should include all of the course material that has informed your reply, in addition to any research that you have obtained on your own.
  • One of your replies should identify the notion of the moral good in deontology and compare that to the account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow student’s post. Analyze how these different notions of the moral good lead to different approaches with regard to how to address the problem even if, ultimately, the result turns out to be the same or similar.
  • In your second reply, you should identify the notion of the moral good in virtue ethics and compare and discuss that to the account of utilitarianism in Starbucks presented in your fellow student’s post. Analyze how these different notions of the moral good lead to different approaches with regard to how to address the problem even if, ultimately, the result turns out to be the same or similar.
  • Your replies should focus on the specific examination presented by your fellow student and should include an examination of whether or not the characteristics of the ethical theory were identified well, and whether or not their application and analysis were also carried out successfully. Providing such an examination is not an attack on your fellow student but an attempt to work together with your fellow student toward the better understanding of the ethical theories employed, as well as their application.

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RESPONSE 1: Starbucks has established its position as a leader in the coffee industry. It has a responsibility to its stakeholders, consumers, employees, and coffee bean farmers and workers around the world. Like most companies, Starbucks faces dilemmas when trying to balance economic, environmental, and ethical needs. The discipline of ethics’ primary focus is to decipher the difference between right and wrong. How we arrive at that conclusion varies from person to person and culture to culture. There are various ideas that people use as part of their moral compass. The utilitarian adopts, as a basic principle the idea that a decision is best if that decision leads to the most favorable outcome for the greatest number of people affected by that decision (Mosser, 2013). It says that the option that causes least frustration and most satisfaction for the most amounts of people is the best option. Another component of utilitarianism is that it focuses on the consequences of happiness and unhappiness. While businesses assess costs and benefits in terms of financial gains and losses, utilitarianism focuses instead on how our actions affect human happiness (Fieser, 2015). The deontological theory is similar to the well-known Golden Rule; treat others the way that you want to be treated. The idea behind duty theory (deontological) is that we are all born with basic moral principles or guidelines embedded in us, and we use these to judge the morality of people’s actions (Fieser, 2015). A negative aspect to this way of thinking is it does not consider our differences. What is desired by one may not be desired by others. Virtue theory is the view that morality is grounded in the virtuous character traits that people acquire (Fieser, 2015). Enjoying various pleasures in moderate amounts help to build our virtue of temperance. According to Starbucks Social Responsibility Video, the coffee industry is in crisis. The company took a utilitarian approach and invested in the farmers, workers, and community to ensure that all parties got the outcome they desired. The company spends resources and time developing relationships with stakeholders (including government) in the countries where it purchases its coffee. By contributing these resources although pricey and time consuming it has better relationships, stability, and community presence which helps the company’s profits and ethical gains. RESPONSE 2: Utilitarianism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics Case Study: Starbucks Utilitarianism is an action that is morally right when consequences are favorable or actions that are considered good when the good outweighs the bad (Fieser, 2015). Two characteristics of utilitarianism are: Consequences of happiness and unhappiness – Utilitarianism focuses on actions that effect human happiness. Some utilitarians emphasizes on pleasure and pain, some goodness and badness, and others beneficial and nonbeneficial, however they all agree that there is a link between moral conduct and happiness and immoral conduct and unhappiness (Fieser, 2015). Example: Bullying is an immoral action that causes unhappiness to a human being. On the other hand, buying a homeless person a sandwich is a moral action that causes happiness to a human being. Beneficial consequences – Utilitarianism focuses on seeking the greatest good that benefits the most people, such as the text mentioned, slavery was in theory the greatest good for the white majority, because the slaves were the minority, although this was an immoral act (Fieser, 2015). Deontology is defined as the duty theory that moral independent rules are set for us to be obedient to (Cline, 2018). Two characteristics of Deontology are: Obligation – In theory, we have a moral obligation to do the right thing, such as, not stealing, killing, and being dishonest in the court of law. Example: As parents, we should feel obligated to financially and emotionally support our children. Instinctive principles- Treating others as you would like to be treated, the treatment is good. Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) emphasizes on the “Golden rule” which inspired him to develop the categorial imperative theory which is a moral principle to treat people as a mean, not a means to an end. Example: It is wrong to think only of what benefit one would receive from implementing a moral act, such as, public recognition, nomination to an office, or praise when you give to charity (Fieser, 2015). Virtue Ethics are virtuous character traits that are acquired, which are morally grounded (Fieser, 2015). Two characteristics of Virtue Ethics are: Self-Control – Knowing our limits in everything we do. The Greek philosopher, Aristotle developed an analysis of urges, such as over eating or drinking (Fieser, 2015). Skills - Practicing to be skillful, like learning to play an instrument. Build by building, acquiring courage by doing courageous things (Text Video). Starbucks has taken the utilitarian position practicing the characteristic of beneficial consequences. The Starbucks store place in a financially upscale area where the customers will be able to not only enjoy the its high- quality coffee but afford it also. Mr. Shultz also mentioned that the establishment would be a place for its customers to converse implying intellectual customers, probably business people. Case Study: Starbucks Ethical Problem confronted by Starbucks is discrimination. This coffee shop is in a foreign country on the wealthy side of town, which is discriminating against the poor citizens of that country. Solving the Ethical Problem would require Starbucks to build shops in towns of various economic levels with prices affordable for the customers they are serving. References:
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PHI445
by 1603-3 Hal

Submission date: 16-Mar-2018 10:40AM (UT C-0400)
Submission ID: 931364586
File name: PHI445_-_RESPONSES.edited.docx (19.73K)
Word count: 670
Character count: 3647

PHI445
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Running Head: RESPONSES

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The notion of moral good is, indeed, an idea that would apply in con...


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