Philosophy questions

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Humanities

Description

I have four Exercises. Exercise A, B, C each one have 10 questions. Exercise E has 20 questions.

You can see all the 4 Exercises with example below and the questions attached with the question

Exercise A)

Identify Reasoning

In this exercise you will be given a list of items and asked to determine which one is reasoning and which one is not. Please indicate your answer in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.

Example:

Which of the following is reasoning and which is not?

  • Mary has a firm command of the subject matter because she has studied it seriously.
  • Mary has studied math for many years.She has a firm command of math and has won several prizes from math competitions.

Answer: Yes, this is reasoning.

Answer: No, this is not reasoning.

Exercise B)

Identify Premise and Conclusion

In this exercise you will be given a list of reasoning examples and for each of these examples you are asked to determine its conclusion by copying the statement of conclusion in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.

Example:

What is the conclusion in the following reasoning?

“Mary has a firm command of the subject matter because she has studied it seriously.”

Answer: Mary has a firm command of the subject matter.

Exercise C)

Identify Deductively Valid and Invalid Reasoning

In this exercise you will be given a list of reasoning examples and for each of these examples you are asked to determine whether it is deductively valid or invalid.Please indicate your answer by putting “deductively valid” or “deductively invalid” in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.

Example: Which of the following is deductively valid and which is not?

  • Mary has a firm command of math because she has studied it seriously.
  • Mary has a firm command of math because everyone who studies math seriously has a firm command of math and Mary studies math seriously.

Answer: deductively invalid

Answer: deductively valid

Exercise D)

Identify Popular Deductive Fallacies

In this exercise you will be given a list of fallacious reasoning examples and for each of these examples you are asked to determine specifically what fallacy it commits.Please type the name of the fallacy in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.

Example: To what fallacy each of the follow reasoning commits?

  • This airplane is made in Seattle.Therefore, all of its parts are made in Seattle.
  • Yoda must exist.No one has proved that he doesn’t.

Answer: Distorted Analysis (Invalid Whole-To-Part Inference)

Answer: Argument from the Absence of Proof (A proposition hasn’t been proven false; therefore, it is true).

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Explanation & Answer

Attached is the assignment.

Homework for Chapter 4 Deduction

Exercise A. Identify Reasoning
In this exercise you will be given a list of items and asked to determine which one is reasoning and which one is
not. Please indicate your answer in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.
Example:
Which of the following is reasoning and which is not?
1. Mary has a firm command of the subject matter because she has studied it seriously.
Answer: Yes, this is reasoning.
2. Mary has studied math for many years. She has a firm command of math and has won several prizes
from math competitions.
Answer: No, this is not reasoning.
Which of the following is reasoning and which is not?
1. People want their appliances to be quiet. Yet, at the same time, they think that more noise means more
power.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning
2. There is more and more concern about the noise in our environment. One reason is that our environment
keeps getting noisier and noisier.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning
3. The people of Northern Ireland are fed up with the violence that has wrecked their country. Support for
the IRA and for militant Protestant groups is the lowest it has ever been.
Answer: No, it is not reasoning
4. Anyone who works hard will be successful. Nancy works hard. Therefore, she will be successful.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning
5. Engineers can perform sound audits on machines to determine the noise produced by each moving part.
First, they measure the noise level of the complete machine. Then, they disable different parts to
measure the noise of each individual part of the machine.
Answer: No, it is not reasoning
6. Fortunately, the ordeal ended happily. The right people appeared at the appropriate time, and even their
wrong turns led them to safety. It was a miracle.
Answer: No, it is not reasoning
7. Beethoven was musically gifted because Beethoven was deaf and all deaf persons are musically gifted.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning

1

8. Our galaxy is a huge, flat spiral system that rotates like a wheel, and the myriads of stars move around
its center somewhat as the planets revolve around our sun.
Answer: No, it is not reasoning
9. Julie must be very patriotic. She has a huge American flag covering one wall of her dorm room.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning
10. Some animals that live in Kenya are endangered because leopards are endangered animals and leopards
live in Kenya.
Answer: Yes, it is reasoning

2

Exercise B. Identify Premise and Conclusion
In this exercise you will be given a list of reasoning examples and for each of these examples you are asked to
determine its conclusion by copying the statement of conclusion in the space to the right of the word “Answer”.
Example:
What is the conclusion in the following reasoning?
“Mary has a firm command of the subject matter because she has studied it seriously.”
Answer...


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