Two evolution based homework assignments. (Easy)

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Science

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1. In this discussion question, you will be explaining how the Central Dogma (the means by which genetic information is translated into protein structure) is evidence for evolution. In your post you should first demonstrate an understanding of the Central Dogma, then discuss its relationship to evolution. You should feel free to get creative in your description of the Central Dogma: videos, pictures, PowerPoints are all welcome!

2. In this module we are focused on microevolution, or small changes within a species/population of organisms over a relatively short period of time. Search for some real world examples of microevolution. Provide a source/citation for your example and summarize it.

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Explanation & Answer

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Running head: CENTRAL DOGMA AND EVOLUTION

Central Dogma and Evolution
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CENTRAL DOGMA AND EVOLUTION

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Central Dogma and Evolution
1. Explain how the Central Dogma is evidence for evolution
Central Dogma is a process where the DNA instructions become converted into an
operational product. The molecular biology’s central dogma explains the movement of
information regarding genetics from DNA to RNA to make a functional product a protein
(Allaby, 2015). The Central dogma explains that DNA contains the data required to process all
proteins and RNA acts as a messenger to carry this data to the ribosomes. Usually, the ribosomes
function in the cell as factories where the information becomes translated from a code to a
functional product. This process where DNA instructions become altered to a useful product is
known as gene expression (Marshall & Bredy, 2016).
Typically, gene expression comprises two principal stages, that is, transcription and
translation. In transcription, the data in each cell’s DNA is changed into small RNA’s [portable
messages. At the time of translation, the signals move from cell nucleus’ DNA to the ribosomes
to make specific proteins. Therefore, the central dogma suggests that the pattern of information
that happens in the cells frequently is from current DNA to new DNA or DNA replication, from
DNA to RNA known as transcription and from RNA to new protein also known as translation
(Allaby, 2015). In molecular biology, technological advances have developed to where it can
store large amounts of DNA in databases as well as resynthesize it at a distant location or later
dates. Shortly, a growing number of organismal DNA sequence will get captured digitally. It will
be a commonplace, typically, to reconstruct genomes using chemical synthesis.

CENTRAL DOGMA AND EVOLUTION

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2. Search for some real-world examples of microevolution.
Microevolution is a change in a population of a gene frequency. Due to the short
timescale of this kind of evolutionary change, one can observe it happening (Janbon et al., 2015).
Numerous cases of the wild’s natural selection are found. For example; house sparrows got
introduced in 1852 in North America. These sparrows have evolved various characteristics in
entirely different locations. In the North the sparrow populations are larger-bodied than those in
the south. The di...


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