lab 309

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lab 309

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1 Lab 1 Hardness Lab Report 2 Abstract Hardness is the characteristic of material to resist deformation; either temporary or permanent. Hardness has been a feature that has been used in the selection of materials from fabrication in various applications. Hardness in mineralogy is a term that refers to the ability of material to resist abrasion or fracture. The characteristic has been associated with other features such as toughness and streak (Auckland, 2014). Plastic deformation occurs in materials during failure, and since it is irreversible unlike temporary deformation, it is undesirable in materials for fabrication of structures. Rockwell hardness test has been used in the lab to verify the hardness of different materials (Olsen, 2017). The test has been carried out in manufacturing facilities to ascertain the hardness of the end products. The production process may also result in weaknesses in the material, and the test can be used to alienate the weaker materials from the distribution line. This is important as it ensures that the products delivered have the required degree of hardness (Center, 2015). 3 Lab Facility and Procedure For this exercise, the students are placed in groups and are to perform tests on seven specimens, three different times. The apparatus is the hardness tester. Procedure 1. The preparation process for the test. 2. Measurement if specimen’s dimensions 3. Placement of sample on testing machine 4. Attaching the weights on the device during the test 5. Adjusting the levels of the hardness test 6. Placement of the diamond indenter 7. Attachment of an anvil on top of the lowering screw 8. Removal of transport protector 9. Securing of anti-topping fitting placed on the installation platform 10. Starting to operate the machine as the instructor had demonstrated 4 Figure 1: Hardness testing machine Figure 2: Hardness Test Samples 5 Result and Discussion The results of the hardness test are as tabulated below; samples Trailer 1 Trailer 2 Trailer 3 Average Material A 62.1 61.7 60.8 61.53 Annealed mild steel B 117.7 118.7 120.2 118.86 Cold drawn 0.5C steel C 86.3 84.9 82.4 84.53 Annealed mild steel 6 D 73.2 74.3 76.3 74.6 70-30 brass E 77.9 76 73 75.63 70-30 brass From the above results, it is evident that the test was carried out three times namely trailer 1, 2 and 3. The three results are then used to get the average which is i=used to express the hardness of the material. The five materials namely A to E have proved different degrees of hardness with material B being the most hardens and material A being the least hard. This, therefore, means that material B can be used to fabricate materials that are exposed to harsh conditions compared to the other materials (Cordua, 2016). Conclusion Hardness is an important aspect in the selection of materials for the fabrication of materials. This point has been used as a test and in mineralogy to attest to the strength of minerals. The laboratory test based on Rockwell hardness test is also used in educating students the various terminologies that are related to hardness. The students also have a chance to understand the concept of hardness in the manufacturing process as well as to practice teamwork. The laboratory test is also a link between theory and hands-in-practice. The students get to learn and understand the practice. Safety in a manufacturing environment is also important as it prepares the students for their roles in future. Putting the knowledge into practice is important as it sharpens the students and their learning skills. 7 References Auckland. (2014). Lustre. Retrieved April 11, 2017, from Geology; Rocks and Minerals: Flexiblelearning.auckland.ac.nz/rocks_minerals/lustre.html Center, N. R. (2015). Hardness. NDT Resource Center, 2-6. Cordua, B. (2016). Mohs Hardness testing of minerals and rocks. Mindat.org. Ludwig, A. (2014). Rockwell Hardness Testing. New Age Hardness Testing, 3-5. Olsen, T. (2017). Rockwell Testing. Tinius Olsen Rockwell Testers for Materials, 1-4.
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Running head: HARDNESS REPORT

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Hardness Lab Report
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation

HARDNESS REPORT

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Abstract

Hardness is a measurable property of solid substances that reflects their ability to resist
permanent deformation. The hardness of a material determines its application. Hardness can be
measured in different ways. In this lab experiment, the Rockwell hardness tester was used. The
objective was to measure the hardness of the provided specimens and to compare the measure of
their hardness. Five specimens; A, B, C, D, and E were prepared and tested for hardness on the
Rockwell hardness tester. The correct procedures were followed in conducting the experiments.
Three tests were done on each specimen and readings were obtained. An average was calculated
from the three readings to obtain the hardness measure for each specimen. Specimen B had the
highest reading indicating that it was the hardest while D and E had the lowest. The objecti...


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