Hello This is the information that I received from my professor after giving me a feed back on the tables and questions on my spss. Database. He already ran the data for me. Kindly, If you can help me with the following request by Dr. Wood. The email reads: Yvonne, You have made some progress and put in some work on your results tables by research question. Here is some feedback for you to consider as you prepare and submit your first draft of the Analysis chapter. • Be sure to include the preamble to the section and the discussion of your sample using frequency data. • For each research question discuss the results of your correlations (r, n, p) and your onesample t- test (t, df, p) o Then include the correct and complete tables discussed • After your final research questions write a brief paragraph wrapping up the chapter and transitioning to the final chapter, Discussion. • Again, I suggest this is easier in SPSS, which is available on campus at this time. o However, SPSS will not be available after this semester. You will need to purchase it. It is also important to recognize that the intended deadlines for this directed research course are well past. It is time for me to focus on the current capstone course. I will do my best to fit you in and give you feedback, but they come first now. I know you are ready to shine, so get to it and get this course finished! _________________________________________________________________________________________ Data analysis and Coding: Few tests were carried out to test and measure whether there are significant relationships between certain dependent variables and independent variables. The test results are as follows: Pearson’s Correlation: There is a significant correlation between African American woman that have Type 2 diabetes, without type 2 diabetes, plan to exercise, and plan to change their health diets. This is shown on Table 22 below. The results indicate strong and weak correlation between questions whether African American women with diabetes adhere to their insulin challenges. The response was (-.008, .94). This shows a confirmation of African American women with Type 2 diabetes and has Insulin adherence. Below is an example of what I might expect when discussing the results in a correlation table: In table 22 there are several relationships worth noting concerning African American women who responded they had challenges with insulin (how does a lay-person know this?). For example, the strong/weak association between those with type 2 diabetes and plan to exercise (r, n, sig), and the strong/weak association plan to change health diet (r, n, sig). Research Question 1: Table 22: Pearson’s Correlation: Lifestyle of African American woman with Type 2 diabetes vs. Insulin Resistance No Yes Total Are there Insulin No 8 18 26 Challenges? Maybe 7 0 7 Yes 13 25 38 Total 28 43 71 Example of a Correlations table What does table 23 indicate regarding RQ1? Discuss this and report the values at (t, df, significance) or (0.07, 63, .007). Why did you include the women without challenges? Are there women who do not have diabetes included? Are there men included? Be sure to state your hypothesis for the test seen in Table 23. This way your audience can judge why the probability of the null happening 7 in 1,000 times is not significant enough to cause you to accept the null. Always include the statistics table prior to the t- test. Also, does the statistical tool you use include the confidence interval calculations of the upper and lower? Table 23: One-Sample t-Test – African American Women with Type 2 diabetes and Insulin resistance challenges t df Test Valued = 0. Mean Difference Sig (Two Tailed) African American 0.070 63 .007 0.953 00 .000 1.178 Women with Insulin Challenges African American 0.000 Women without Insulin 0.642 Challenges Example of a one sample t- test output. RQ 2. Is there a correlation table for this research question? Table 24: One- Sample t-Test - African American women with Type 2 diabetes, do they plan to change their lifestyle by living on nutritional or exercising? African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total that plan or exercise or diet 25 14 39 18 28 46 43 42 85 The Significant of correlation for African American women that do plan on changing their lifestyle by exercising and changing their nutritional diet: The test shows that there is a significant of (.02) of African American women with type 2 diabetes and a strong correlation of (.248) between African women that wished to exercise and change their diet. RQ3. Discuss your findings in relation to the results of your tables for this section reporting correlation and one-sample t- test correctly. Table 25: Are young African American women aware that lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their type 2 diabetes. African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total that plan or exercise or diet 2 15 17 41 27 68 43 42 85 Table 26: Pearson’s correlations regarding African American aware the lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their type 2 diabetes Diabetes African American Women with Plan Regular Exercise Pearson Correlation 0.38 Sig. (two-tailed) 0.94 0.000 .000 to exercise Plan to exercise change their eating habits Apply the feedback above to the remaining research question sections and the related tables of results. Table 27: One-Sample t-Test regarding African American women with diabetes and are planned to exercise t df Test Valued = 0. Mean Difference Sig (Two Tailed) African American -3.807 55 .007 0.953 00 .000 1.178 Women with type 2 diabetes African American Women with type 2 0.000 0.642 diabetes and are planned to exercise RQ 4a Table 28: Pearson’s -Significant correlations regarding African American with type 2 diabetes and planned to exercise African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total with type 2 diabetes that plan to and not to exercise 14 28 42 25 18 43 39 46 85 The Significant of correlation for African American women that do plan on exercising. Test results shows that there is a significant of (.02) of African American women with type 2 diabetes and a strong correlation of (.248) between African women that wished to exercise and change their diet. Table 29: One-Sample t-Test – African American Women with Type 2 diabetes who wished to exercise t African American -2.34 df p Valued = 0. Sig 82 Mean Difference .002 1.162 Women with type 2 diabetes that plans to exercise Research Question 4b Table 29: Pearson’s -Significant correlations regarding African American with type 2 diabetes planned to join the gym African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total with type 2 diabetes that plan to join the gym 3 39 42 8 35 43 11 74 85 The Significant of correlation for African American women that do planed on going to the gym. Test results shows that there is a significant of (.011) of African American women with type 2 diabetes and a strong correlation of (.170) between African women that wished to exercise and change their diet. Table 29: One-Sample t-Test – African American Women with Type 2 diabetes who wished to exercise t African American -0.602 df p Valued = 0. Sig Mean Difference 82 0.54 1.162 00.00 00.00 0.372 Women with type 2 diabetes that plans to join the gym African American women without type 2 diabetes that plans to join the gym 0.000 Variables: African American women with Type 2 diabetes that plan to exercise or diet African American women that plan or Yes = 1 No =0 15 2 17 27 41 68 42 43 85 exercise or diet {1} 0.3882622 {1} 0.0002408943 Two Sample t-test Data: df$Plan_exercise_diet by df$AA_with_diabetes T = -3.8076, df = 55.977, p value = 0.0003504 Alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: -0.4740622-0. 0.1472003 Sample estimates: Mean group 0 mean in group 1 0.6428571 0.9534884 AA_with_diabetes Plan_Exercise 0 1 sum African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total that plan or exercise {1} 0.2488903 {1} 0.02162149 14 25 39 28 18 46 42 43 85 Two Sample t-test Data: df$Plan_exercise by df$AA_with_diabetes T=-2.3424, df = 82.962, p-value = 0.02155 Alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: -0.45869317 -0.03743086 Sample estimates: Mean is group 0 mean in group 1 0.3333333 0.5813953 African American Women with diabetes Plan on diet Yes = 1 No =0 13 16 29 29 27 56 42 43 85 {1} 0.06598216 {1} 0.5485244 Two Sample T-test Data: df$plan_diet by df$aa_with_Diabetes T = -0.60276, df = 82.965, p-value = 0.5483 Alternative hypothesis: true difference - means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval -0.2690347 0.1438963 Sample estimates: Mean in group 0 mean in grup 1 0.3095328 0.3720930 Total African American_with_diabetes African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total with diabetes that plan on going to the gym 3 8 11 39 35 74 42 43 85 {1} 0.1707258 {1}0.1182404 Two Sample t-test Data; df$Plan_gym by df$AA_with_diabetes t = -1.5859, df=73.074, p-value=0.1171 alternative hypothesis: true difference in means is not equal to 0 95 percent confidence interval: -0.2586538 0.0294179 Sample estimates: Mean in group 0 mean in group 1 0.07142857 0.18604651 Research Question 1: Table 1. Frequency Tables for Nominal Values: Lifestyle of African American woman with Type 2 diabetes Are there Insulin No Yes Total No 8 18 26 Maybe 7 0 7 Yes 13 25 38 Total 28 43 71 Challenges? Pearson Correlation - -0.008254942 Significance of Pearson Correlation - 0.9455278 t-test Insulin challenges grouped by whether Person is an African -American Woman with Diabetes T = 0.070733, df = 63.542, p-value = 0.9438 Mean if an individual is NOT an African-American without diabetes 1.178571 0.6428571 Mean of individual is an African American woman with diabetes 0.9534884 Research Question 2. African American women with Type 2 diabetes, do they plan to change their lifestyle by living on nutritional or exercising? African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total that plan or exercise or diet 25 14 39 18 28 46 43 42 85 Significant of correlation African American women that do plan on changing their lifestyle by exercising and changing their nutritional diet: {1} 0.2488903 {1} 0.02162149 Research Question 3. Are young African American women aware that lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their type 2 diabetes. African American women Yes = 1 No =0 Total that plan or exercise or diet Pearson Correlation 0.3882622 Significance of Pearson Correlation 2 15 17 41 27 68 43 42 85 0.0002408943 t-test Plan to exercise or diet grouped by whether Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes T = -3.8076, df = 55.977, p-value = 0.0003504 Mean if Person is an African-American woman with Diabetes 0.9534884 Research Question 4a Frequency Table for Nominal Values: Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes Plan to exercise Pearson Correlation 0.2488903 Significance of Pearson Correlation 0.02162149 No Yes Total 28 18 46 14 25 39 42 43 85 t-test Plan to exercise grouped by whether Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes T = -2.3424, df = 82.962, p-value = 0.02155 Mean if Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes 1.162791 Research Question 4. Frequency Table for Nominal Values: Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes Plan to exercise or Yes = 1 No =0 Total change diet 2 15 17 41 27 68 43 42 85 Pearson Correlation 0.3882622 Significance of Pearson Correlation 0.0002408943 t-test Plan to exercise or diet grouped by whether Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes T = -3.8076, df = 55.977, p-value = 0.0003504 Mean if Person is an African-American woman with Diabetes 0.9534884 Research Q4A Frequency Table for Nominal Values Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes Yes = 1 No =0 Total Plan to exercise 28 18 46 14 25 39 42 43 85 Pearson Correlation 0.1707258 Significant of Pearson Correlation t-test Plan to join gym grouped by whether Pearson is an African-American Woman with Diabetes t = -1.5859, df – 73.074, p-value 0.1171 Mean if Person is not an African-American Woman with Diabetes 0.07142857 Mean if Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes 0.18604651 Research Q 4B Frequency Table for Nominal Values Person in an African-American woman with Diabetes No Yes Total Plan to join gym Total Pearson Correlation 0.01707258 Significance of Pearson Correlation 0.1182404 39 35 74 3 8 11 42 43 85 t-test Plan to join the gym grouped by whether Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes Plan to change diet grouped by whether Person is an African-American woman with Diabetes T =-0-60276, df = 82.965, p-value = 0.5483 Mean if Person is NOT an African-American Woman with Diabetes 0.3095238 Mean if Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes 0.3720930 Research Q 4C Frequency Table for Nominal Values Person in an African-American woman with Diabetes No Yes Total Plan to change diet Total Pearson Correlation 0.06598216 29 27 56 13 16 29 42 43 85 Significance of Pearson Correlation 0.5485244 t-test Plan to change diet grouped by whether Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes t = -0.60276, df = 82.965, p-value = 0.5483 mean if Person is NOT an African-American woman with Diabetes 0.3095238 Mean if Person is an African-American Woman with Diabetes 0.3720930 Research question one (RQ1) Are there Challenges African American women engage in during their insulin adherence? Null hypothesis one (H01) The lifestyle choices do not influence African American women ages 18-35 to adhere to insulin treatment. Alternate hypothesis (Ha1a) The lifestyle choices do influence African American women ages 18-35 to adhere to insulin treatment The research question will assess the influence of lifestyle choice in the maintenance of insulin treatment in African American women 18 to 34 years of age. In relation to the feedback of individuals survey, a reflection of the null and hypothesis for women living with Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance living in Silver Spring, Maryland are willing to change their unhealthy eating habits, exercise more and engage in lifetime activities. Research question two (RQ2) Do young African American women with Type 2 Diabetes find preventive programs helpful? Null Hypothesis two (H02) Young African American women with Type 2 Diabetes do not find preventive programs helpful? Alternate Hypothesis (Ha2) Young African American women with Type 2 Diabetes do find preventive programs helpful. Based on individuals survey African American women with Type 2 diabetes in the Silver Spring area are willing to engaged in preventive programs that will reduce their Type 2 diabetes and how to manage their insulin adherence. Research Question Three (RQ3) Are young African American women aware that lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their type 2 Diabetes? Null Hypothesis Three (H03) Young African American women are not aware that lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their Type 2 Diabetes. 1 Alternate Hypothesis Three (H03) Young African American women are not aware that lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) can influence their Type 2 Diabetes. Alternate Hypothesis Three a (H03a) Young African American women are aware that regular exercise can influence their Type 2 Diabetes. Alternate Hypothesis Three b (Ho3b) Young African American women are aware that gym membership can influence their Type 2 Diabetes. Alternate Hypothesis Three c (Ho3c) Young African American women are aware that eating healthy can influence their Type 2 Diabetes. It is evident from the survey that young African American women with Type 2 diabetes and insulin adherence will engage in regular exercise and by joining a gym membership to reduce the effect of their Type 2 diabetes. Research question Four (RQ4) What lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) do young African American women address to influence their Type 2 Diabetes? Null Hypothesis Four (H04) Young African American women do not address lifestyle factors (regular exercise, gym membership, eating healthy) to influence their Type 2 Diabetes. Alternate Hypothesis Four (Ha4a) Young African American women regularly exercise to influence their Type 2 Diabetes. Alternative Hypothesis Four b (Ha4b) Young African American women actively use a gym membership to influence their Type 2 diabetes. 2 Alternate Hypothesis Four c (Ha4c) Young African American women eat healthy to influence their Type 2 Diabetes. 3
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