RESEARCH ANALYSIS #1 & #2 Directions You will write two (2) Research Analyses. Each will be a 3 to 4 page critique of an empirical research study that has been published in a peer-reviewed academic journal. The first will be a practice Research Analysis that you will work on in small groups during class and then finish on your own outside of class. The specific paper to be critiqued and the specific questions you need to answer will be given to you by your instructor, and discussed extensively in class. Therefore, it is imperative that you not miss the class periods that focus on this first Research Analysis, as it will prepare you for your second Research Analysis, which you will need to do on your own. For the second Research Analysis you will need to find your own peer-reviewed paper, by first selecting a relevant topic from the list of suggested topics further down in this packet. Furthermore, this article will be the same one that you will use for your class presentation. The article must be turned in with your written assignment. Your instructor will provide you with specific information on how to select a topic, how to find a worthwhile study to analyze, and how to turn in your Research Analysis. After the first practice analysis, you will receive student and instructor feedback on your critical evaluation skills. Please use this feedback when preparing the second Research Analysis. Please see the greensheet for the due dates for the two different analyses. Late papers will receive lower grades, so please be sure to turn your paper in on time. Each student must do his/her own work; plagiarism will not be tolerated and will result in a failing grade on the assignment and the student being reported to the Office of Student Conduct and Ethical Development. Prior to grading, all papers will be scanned by Turnitin.com. Your instructor will provide additional information regarding use of turnitin.com. Form and Style Guidelines Your paper should: • be written in narrative, paragraph format; • be written in formal style-3rd person only (do not use 1st or 2nd person, such as “we”, “I” or “you”); • • • • • • NOT use direct quotes or copied material from a source. Instead, paraphrase the source material using YOUR OWN WORDS and cite appropriately in APA format. use past tense when describing the research; be typed, double spaced, and 3-4 pages in length; be in a font size that is Times New Roman 12 point or similar size (easy to read); be left justified (do not right justify/align, which centers text) and have 1 inch margins; be submitted according to your instructor’s directions. Some will require materials be turned in on Canvas. Others will require materials be submitted in a plain file folder with your name in the tab, a copy of your references in APA format, and the Grading Sheet and Plagiarism Contract as the first page. Revised 012218 1 Guidelines for Analyzing Research: Be sure to consider the suggestions from lecture and the handout “How to Understand and Interpret Food and Health-Related Scientific Studies” when analyzing the articles. Use the questions on the next page as a guide to critically evaluate each section of the paper. Research Analysis #1 & #2 Purpose: To understand how to critically read and analyze research articles. **Your instructor will provide you with an article either on their web page or Canvas. Directions In a 3 to 4 page essay, answer all of the following questions based on the article provided: 1. What is the research problem? Another way to think about this is: Why was this research conducted? (briefly describe & analyze) 2. What is/are the hypothesis/hypotheses stated by the author(s)? (briefly describe & analyze) 3. A. Who were study participants (how many were there)? How were they recruited? B. What were the inclusion/exclusion criteria? (briefly describe & analyze) 4. What was the study design? (briefly describe & analyze) 5. What were the results? (briefly describe & analyze) 6. Did the results support the authors’ hypothesis/hypotheses? Why or why not? 7. What was/were the limitation(s) and strength(s) discussed by the author(s)? (These are usually in the Discussion/Conclusion section of the article.) List other strengths and weaknesses you were able to identify that may not have been discussed by the author(s). 8. A. What conclusion(s) did the author(s) make? B. How can the research findings be applied? If no applications were suggested by the authors, in third person describe how you think the findings could be applied. Based on this study and past research discussed in the Introduction, what are directions for future research? Use your own words to discuss the answers using information from the article. DO NOT use direct quotes or copied material from the article. Instead, paraphrase the source material using YOUR OWN WORDS and cite appropriately in APA format. Do not include the questions. Your paper should be written in paragraph form; it should NOT be a list of the questions and your responses. Your paper should be submitted to turnitin.com to check for plagiarism. Please check with your instructor for further instructions on how to turn in assignments. Revised 012218 2 NUFS/KIN 163 GRADING CRITERIA FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS “A” papers (receiving 90% or more of the total points) have the following characteristics: • • • • • • • • • Carefully follow the content guidelines given by the instructor; answer all questions posed on the critique outline; Carefully follow the guidelines for format; which includes not exceeding by more than one-half page the maximum double-spaced pages allowed; Are written in standard English, at an upper division college level, with complete sentences and appropriate paragraphs; Are written in the student’s own words, without using direct quotes or copied material from the source; Are free of redundancies, and have, at most, only 2-3 spelling and/or grammatical errors; Develop each section of the critique in a clear and logical fashion; have smooth transitions from one sentence or idea to another; Include insightful interpretation that goes beyond the obvious or what the authors disclosed; Cover all of the major aspects of the assignment without going off track or padding; Are turned in on the due date and prior to the start of lecture. “B” papers (receiving 80-89% of the total points) usually differ from an “A” report in one or more of the following ways: • Show less care in following the guidelines; • Have a few lapses in good writing; • Have less than full clarity in expression of ideas and interpretations; • Show some tendency to go off track, pad the paper or have redundancies; • Are turned in one day or partial day (after the start of lecture) late. “C” papers (receiving 70-79% of the total points) usually differ from an “A” paper in more than one of the following ways: • Show minimal care in following guidelines; • Have more than a few lapses in good writing; • Use some ambiguous descriptions in the analysis or interpretation; • Go off track, pad the paper, or have redundancy in more than one instance; • Are turned in two days after the due date Papers less than “C” (receiving less than 70% of the total points) usually differ from an “A” paper in more than one of the following ways: • Do not follow guidelines; • Are poorly written; • Fail to interpret information correctly, or answer questions clearly; • Frequently wander off track, are “padded” with extraneous information, or are redundant; • Are turned in more than two days after the due date. Revised 012218 3 Name _____________________________________ GRADING SHEET FOR RESEARCH ANALYSIS ATTACH THIS SHEET TO THE FRONT OF YOUR PAPER (IF REQUIRED) CATEGORY Followed directions, originality report obtained, format Major flaws in following directions, format. Followed some, but not all directions; and/or some formatting errors. Excellent format. 0-1 2-4 5 Major flaws in writing, syntax, spelling and/or grammar Some errors in writing, syntax, spelling and/or grammar Well written. 0-5 6-8 9-10 Possible Points Writing, syntax, spelling, grammar Possible Points Question 1 Stated problem clearly. Question 2 Described hypothesis/research question/goal clearly. Question 3 Participants, inclusion, exclusion criteria. Question 4 Described study design Question 5 Described results clearly. Question 6 Results relative to hypothesis/research question/goal. Question 7 Limitations & strengths described. Question 8 Future research; conclusions, applications. Subtotal Poor; showed lack of understanding Average Very good-excellent Shows high level understanding 0-1 2-3 4 0-2 3-4 5 0-1 1.5 2-3 0-2 3-4 5-6 0-2 3-4 5-6 0 1 2 0-1 1.5 2-3 0-2 3-4 5-6 5 points will be deducted for each calendar day or partial day late Deductions ___________ Your Total ________ PLAGIARISM CONTRACT I acknowledge that I have not committed plagiarism in the process of writing this paper. I have cited the appropriate sources and given credit to the authors’ works. I also acknowledge that this paper is my own work and that I have not plagiarized or received answers from fellow classmates or other students. Revised 012218 4 I understand that plagiarism will result in a ZERO for the paper, and other possible academic sanctions, including a report to the appropriate academic authorities. Signature ______________________________Date ____________ GUIDELINES FOR ORAL PRESENTATION ON RESEARCH ANALYSIS #2 Using assigned specific topics, each group will be required to engage in a cooperative effort whereby each individual in the group will be allowed approximately 5 to 6 minutes to lead a discussion on his/her article (original research) related to the assigned topic. Each individual should present a different side of the topic using a different journal article. Your instructor will assist you in determining topics for your presentation. The presentation should go beyond the scope of the textbook. Students are encouraged to use current topics in nutrition and exercise or controversial issues. Instructor approval is needed (one week in advance) regarding the appropriateness of your article. Preparation: Each student is required to review one original research article (primary reference), but can also use textbooks for additional background and support. Information from this article must be incorporated into the presentation, and all reference(s) must be cited by authors’ last names and year of publication during the presentation. Each student in the group will present a different study dealing with a unique aspect of the overall topic. When possible, a variety of opinions should be presented. Presentation • The presentation should include an evaluation (critique) of the research article, including the purpose of the research, methodology, results, conclusions, limitations, and applications to the “real” world. Compare and contrast studies. Students are encouraged to evaluate studies that provide differing results. Students should be creative and use any or all of the following in their presentations: demonstrations, visual aides (overheads, charts, handouts), and other techniques to inform and interest the class. Place your requests for University audiovisual equipment at least 7 days before your presentation. If using PowerPoint, bring presentation on a memory stick. • The instructor, as well as other students, will pose questions to the group after the presentation. Discussion of the presentation can help to assess the class knowledge of the presented material. Material in these oral presentations will then be tested in class exams. • The group should collaborate on an introduction to the topic, as well as a conclusion that provides a summary and “take home message.” Paper: Each student will provide a paper (typed) to the instructor prior to the presentation, along with the appropriate grading sheet. This paper serves as “RESEARCH ANALYSIS #2” and should follow the same format and instructions used for the first Research Analysis. This paper will be corrected separately from the presentation and returned to students. Evaluation of the oral presentation will be based on the following: (see rubric on p. 8) 1. Presentation skills (including adherence to time guidelines; organization of presentation/preparedness; effectiveness of oral presentation (e.g., delivered without excessive reliance on notes); and effective use of visual aids/ability to interest audience). 2. Ability to critically evaluate scientific research; 3. Ability to define/demonstrate practical application of the material; 4. Appropriateness of nutrition/fitness article; 5. Ability to compare & contrast article with other articles in group/contribution to group summary & conclusions. This assignment is worth a total of 50 points and grades will be assigned as follows: 1. Up to 25 points for each individual contribution 2. Up to 25 points as a group grade (the group grade will be the average percentage of the sum of the individual grades) Revised 012218 5 SUGGESTED TOPICS FOR NUTRITION PRESENTATIONS Please choose from this list or choose your own topic (approved by instructor) LIPIDS/FAT Possible sub-topics • Dietary fat recommendations/needs for children (< 2 yr olds), elderly • Dietary fat and risk for various cancers • Omega-3 fatty acid (linolenic acid) and treatment or prevention of diseases • Fat replacements used in the food industry PROTEIN and AMINO ACID SUPPLEMENTS Possible sub-topics • Whey protein supplements for weight (muscle) gains • Glutamine and the immune system and/or muscle recovery in athletes • Creatine supplementation: effects on strength performance OR effects on endurance performance • Nitrogen balance studies in determining protein needs for athletes • Branched-chain amino acids and exercise performance DRUGS, SUPPLEMENTS & HERBS FOR WEIGHT CONTROL Possible sub-topics: • Evaluate hydroxycitrate supplement for weight loss • Evaluate chromium supplements for weight loss • Evaluate pyruvate supplements for weight loss • Evaluate/review the “Phen-Fen” drugs • Evaluate/review the over-the-counter drug phenylpropanolamine, Alli, etc. • Evaluate ephedrine (ephedra), EGCG, ginseng or Hoodia and weight loss DISORDERED EATING ISSUES and OBESITY Possible sub-topics • Eating disorders: case studies, adverse complications, therapies, etc. • Childhood obesity: prevalence, causes, and treatment • Research in the area of obesity and genetics • Adult obesity VITAMINS & MINERALS IN HEALTH Possible sub-topics • Vitamin E’s role in reducing risk of heart disease or cancer • Zinc and the common cold • Folic acid deficiency and birth defects • Folic acid, B6, and/or B12’s role in preventing heart disease • Iron deficiency effects in the young (children) • Vitamin D status and supplementation in the older population VITAMINS, MINERALS & HERBS IN EXERCISE PERFORMANCE Possible sub-topics • Iron deficiency & anemia in female athletes • Coenzyme Q10 and exercise performance OR Ginseng supplementation and exercise performance • Vanadium and body composition • Antioxidant supplementation (such as vitamin E and vitamin C) and exercise • Medium-chained triglycerides (MCTs) supplementation and exercise performance/body comp Revised 012218 6 SUGGESTED TOPICS FOR FITNESS PRESENTATIONS EXERCISE AND AGING Possible sub-topics: • Effects of training on muscle strength and/or muscle mass of older adults, including underlying mechanisms • Effects of training on cardiovascular function in older adults, including underlying mechanisms • Effects of exercise and aging on changes in flexibility and mobility • Effects of training on body composition of older adults. • Exercise and the prevention of falls in older adults, as well as other changes in balance and equilibrium EXERCISE AND COGNITION Possible sub-topics: • Effects of exercise on cognitive function • Exercise and brain-derived neurotrophic factors • Exercise and prevention/treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and/or dementia EXERCISE IN DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTS Possible sub-topics: • Environmental impact on individuals exercising in the heat • Environmental impact on individuals exercising at high altitudes • Environmental impact on individuals exercising in polluted environments • Environmental impact on individuals exercising in cold environments • Environmental impact on individuals exercising in water environments TRAINING CONSIDERATIONS Possible sub-topics • Effects of detraining on cardiovascular fitness • Effects of detraining on muscle fitness • Effects of strength training on cardiovascular function • Effects of overtraining PERFORMANCE-ENHANCING DRUGS AND EXERCISE Possible sub-topics • Effects of anabolic steroids on training and performance • Effects of caffeine on endurance or strength performance • Effects of growth hormones on exercise and sport performance EXERCISE PRESCRIPTION FOR DIVERSE POPULATIONS Possible sub-topics • Effects of training on women during pregnancy OR effects of training post-pregnancy • Role of physical activity in the prevention or treatment of childhood obesity • Role of physical activity in preventing Type II diabetes • Exercise and prevention or treatment of hypertension Revised 012218 7 Student's Name________________________________________ Please turn in this grading sheet along with your Research Analysis #2 (and the grading sheet for that assignment) plus a copy of the scientific article used (if directed by your instructor). Give instructor all required information at the start of your oral presentation. 1. Presentation (Adherence to time guidelines; organization of presentation/preparedness; effectiveness of oral presentation (delivered without excessive note reading; effective use of visual aids/ability to interest audience) Poor 0-1 Adequate 2 Good 3 Very Good 4 Excellent 5 Good Very good Excellent Student’s opinion of the article is stated, along with critical evaluation of the article’s premise and/or argument, but some significant points are overlooked 4-6 Includes critical thinking that clearly states the student’s opinion and some evaluation of the article’s premise and/or arguments but overlooks some points 7-9 Includes critical thinking that clearly states the student’s informed and substantiated opinion, thorough evaluation of the article’s premise, and supporting points 10 Good Very good Excellent Good attempt made to discuss practical application but could be improved Practical application of material clearly described 2 3 Practical application of material very clearly described by providing a number of examples 4 Good Very good Excellent 1.5 1.75 2 2. Ability to critically evaluate scientific research Unacceptable/Poor No attempt to evaluate study or evaluative statements unsupported or inappropriate 0-1 Needs improvement Student’s opinion of the article is not clear; critical thinking is not evident 2-3 3. Ability to define/demonstrate practical application of material Unacceptable/Poor No attempt made to describe context of study or practical application of material 0 Needs improvement Attempt made to discuss practical application but missed the mark 1 4. Appropriateness of nutrition/fitness article Poor 0 Needs improvement .5 CONTINUED ON NEXT PAGE Revised 012218 8 5. Ability to compare & contrast article with other articles in group; including contributions to group summary and conclusions, as well as group introduction Poor Student fails to mentions how article compares and contrasts with others’ article; demonstrates low or non-existent level of understanding regarding how article chosen fits in with other articles; fails to include article in introduction and conclusion. 0 Below average Student fails to mentions how article compares and contrasts with others’ article or does not correctly put article in context; demonstrates low level of understanding regarding how article chosen fits in with other articles; fails to include article in introduction and conclusion 1 Average Student does an adequate job explaining how article compares and contrasts with others’ article; demonstrates average level of understanding regarding how article chosen fits in with other articles; fails to include article in introduction and/or conclusion. Very good Student does a very good job explaining how article compares and contrasts with others’ article; demonstrates good but not great level of understanding regarding how article chosen fits in with other articles; includes article in introduction and conclusion. Excellent Student does an excellent and thorough job explaining how article compares and contrasts with others’ article; demonstrates high level of understanding regarding how article chosen fits in with other articles; includes article in introduction and conclusion. 2 3 4 Total Points – Individual __________ / 25 Total Points – Group Average __________ / 25 GRAND TOTAL POINTS __________ / 50 Revised 012218 9 CONSUMER PRODUCT ANALYSIS Purpose of the Assignment: to evaluate a printed or electronic advertisement in an effort to encourage the student to become a more critical consumer. The advertisement will be evaluated by comparing the claims made in the ad to scientific evidence and research findings. Assignment Format Page 1: Consumer Product Analysis Grading Sheet Page 2: Advertisement For Nutrition: your instructor will provide a copy of the nutrition ad or URL in class. However, the original ad will be shown to the class so that actual colors and reference information can be noted. For Kinesiology: you will select your own kinesiology ad. Tape, glue, or staple the original advertisement to an 8.5 by 11 inch sheet of paper. Provide the source of the advertisement, giving title, page, and date of publication. Pick an advertisement that has some substance to it; the less the ad says, the harder it is to critique. Please note: Original advertisements should not come from library sources/magazines! Pages 3 to 5 (or 6): Consumer Product Analysis This section contains your analysis of both the ad itself and the product advertised; it should be 3-4 pages. You should comment on the positive aspects (praise) and the negative aspects (criticism) of the ad. Your analysis should be in paragraph form, and critical comments should be well developed. When discussing scientific articles to analyze the product, please do not use direct quotes or copied material from the scientific articles. Instead, paraphrase the information in your own words and cite appropriately in APA format. In the text of your paper, the author & year of the scientific source should be indicated. When more than two authors are cited, “et al.,” may be used as per APA format (however, remember to include all names on Reference Page.). See example below: According to Maughan et al. (2013), creatine supplementation has been shown to significantly increase total body mass in subjects over a 4-week period. When discussing the advertisement or product description, you may make limited use of short quotations (
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