The first guest lecture was about ISSUES, challenges and opportunities in civil engineering. It presented by Engineer Basim Mohammed. First of all, any construction site should consist of main parties such as owner, consultant and contractor. The owner is own the project, define the requirement and procuring the work, usually the owner is the a landowner or developer. The owner of building engaged the contractor to carry out and complete the works. Thereby the contactors build the project (building) and usually design it too. In addition, the consultant is responsible to either the employer or the contractor. Furthermore, Subcontractors perform specialized tasks such as framing, concrete, plumbing, electrical and suppliers. Moreover, the Construction management is the distribution of resources to finish the project considering time, budget and quality. In addition, any civil engineer should have skills such as Creativity, versatility, a problem-solving mind, and the ability to understand the bigger picture and to collaborate with a number of other professionals. moreover, civil engineer can also works as site engineer. Site engineer is part of the site management team. Site engineers plan the work and act as day-to-day managers on a construction site. Site engineer is the main source of technical advice and quality control for everyone working on it. Additionally, it is not easy to work in construction project and the construction projects are complex and difficult. However, huge construction project may face common problems. These problems such as delay in payment, dispute between parties, delay of submitting the shop drawings, poor communication between construction parties, financial problems and lack of project organization. The lecture discussed some problems such as following: • • • • If the owner realized the escalator is required for the Showroom. in this case the solution meeting with the whole parties, designing foundation for the escalator, applying the drawings to the municipality to get the approval of the drawings, select the best offer consider the quality, completion date effected by that issue ad recovering plan. If the granite of the showroom faces some problems such as color difference, thickness variation or not right angle. The solution can be buy new granite, cut the tiles locally, grinding, and polishing. Delay of submitting the shop drawing, because delay in starting the project, the solution to Keep following up and put penalty to speed up the submission of the shop drawing. remove and reconstruct the boundary retaining wall or Before redoing the works check following : the soil test report, Shop drawings,QA/QC report, HSE report prior to casting, especially safety steps taken, awareness by workers and remedial work under the strict supervision of the project structural engineer. Therefore, any engineer should have skills and knowledge about how to deal with the problems in construction site. As common sentences said always “PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE”. The decision before start build is the best way to have a framework for cooperate with difficulties in place before constructions begins. In conclusion, the lecture was useful for future. It is discussed many common problems which any engineer may face and how it can be solve. Furthermore, the lecturer gives general information about construction site, construction site parties and other important information. 2The second lecture presented by Halla ALkobaisi and Yashwant Chauhan .The lecturers discussed about maps and GIS. First of all, map is graphic representation, which uses to convert the graphical information clearly. The map was use since 2300 Before Century, inform of clay tablets. Then, in the 15th century, the printed map was available. Therefore, in age of exploration 15- 16th centuries, the map developed very fast. In addition, GIS is Geographic information system. It is a system use computer, which analyzes stores and display geographic information as a map. The GIS functions summaries in four steps, which are create geographic data, manage, analyze and display it on a map. Historically, In 1960, the concepts of quantitative and computational geography presented for first time. Therefore, the first computerized GIS shown in 1963, which is by roger Tomlinson’s Canada Geographic Information System. In 1965, the SYMAP is emarginated. It is First computer mapping software programs. In addition, in 1969 Jack Dangermond with his wife Laura founded ESRI that is Environmental Systems Research Institute. Moreover, in 1981, the first commercial GIS has been developed and used. Recently, in age of technology, the web map is available. it is the map over the web. it is easy way to explore Oman, Wildlife in Oman or explore any country around the world online. The GIS can uses for many purposes such as mapping, store and manage geospatial data, spatial analysis and share over web. GIS can uses in banking, government, defense, petroleum and pipeline, public health, real estate, disaster management, natural resources, telecom, utilities, transportation and hearth services. The main purpose of using GIS is to analyses geographic data. It performed by using spatial association. There are common uses for the GIS, it can uses for show the routing, view held and modeling. In Oman, GIS is use in many places such as Be’ah, Muscat electricity distribution Co, Haya, ministry of transportation and communication, Dofar power company, Oman broadband ministry of tourism, national center for statistics and information and OXY In conclusion, the lecture was helpful for students, it gave brief and general information about maps and GIS. Therefore, the student understood the history of GIS and where it can be used. In conclusion, the lecture was useful for future. It discussed about important information about new dimension of the construction industry and elements and technology for best and modern future construction. 3- The third guest lecture was about new dimension of the construction industry. First point discussed was evolution in the construction Industry. In addition, the construction industry plays a important role in the any countries. It is also effect on economy of the country. Furthermore, the evolution in the construction Industry is responsible for about 8% of total GDP and 10% to 15% of employment. The old construction has aesthetic view, but it is out of date. Therefore, find new processes, new technologies and new ways of working is most important things. One of the goals now is to move away from the traditional model to one driven by digital engineering. For instance, the offsite manufacturing and it is component assembly. However, it is important to test the scenario, which may involve all construction and its operation too. Therefore, also it is important to test the building with components manufactured offsite, to make sure quality and minimize disruption. Recently, one of common ways in construction is to use of digital engineering and modular construction. For instance, children’s hospital that is Alder Hey Children’s NHS Foundation Trust’s has new 270 beds which are a primary example of the various this can make, both in terms of the construction programme and ensuring that the client’s. “Ensuring a component assembly methodology is considered within the design right from the outset” is considers one of major driver of the new way to construction, this can transform the ability to deploy resources very rapidly. The process is include smooth running of a project from start to finish. it is important to make strong relationship with the client to ensures that delivery is achieved as a partnership between client and the engineering group. the virtual engineering model can give 3D graphics and it helps to give clear design which help people feel in the space more. Therefore, the architect of hospital took ideas from the children and designed necessary modern hospital requirements and needed of children . Transformational is example for second element. It uses modular construction. it uses to limits disruption to the environment and delivering components needed without need space for material. about 70% of the building which be as components help organize the construction process in effective way and it is save time too. on other hand, the structural, engineering and architectural elements are inserted into a virtual prototype, that help to have fully view and coordinated on screen before commencement on site and to transfer the information to our offsite manufacturing facilities. In conclusion, the lecture was useful for future. It discussed about important information about new dimension of the construction industry and elements and technology for best and modern future construction. 4- The fourth guest lecture was conducted by Makram jaibaji, it was about 12 D model software. 12 D Model is a powerful terrain modeling, surveying and civil engineering software package. It allows quick and high quality production in a wide variety of projects including: road and Highways, ports and Dredging, land Development, airport Infrastructure, rail ,mining Infrastructure, drainage, Sewer and Utilities, surveying, Oil and Gas, construction, rivers, Dams and Hydrology and environmental. Using 12d Model's screen menus and fast interactive graphics, the user effortlessly moves through a design. Furthermore, With 12d Model's powerful design capabilities, difficult surveying and civil design tasks can be easily visualized and completed. The 12d Model includes a powerful programming language, which give chance for the users to build their own options, from the extensive 12d Model programming library. The 12d Model software runs on Windows 7, 8.1 , 10 (including PC Notebooks). in addition , the 12d Model has been specifically designed for easy use. It is ideal for use at all stages of projects, and is particularly useful for large route selection and corridor studies. Moreover, the 12d Model is an essential tool in today's fiercely competitive business climate. The product Modules as below 12d Model Base, Detailed Alignment Design, Volumetrics and TIN Analysis, 12d Track, Survey, 12d Field, Urban Drainage, Drainage Analysis, Dynamic Drainage, Sewer, Rivers and Flooding, Road Flow, TUFLOW Interface, Drainage 2D, Pipeline, Visualization, GIS, ADAC, BIM and Digital Engineering and Input/ Output . In conclusion, the lecture was very interested for specially civil engineers student. I learned that this program would take huge part in the most companies around the world. Furthermore, there are many specialties, which may make this program one of best and easiest program in civil and construction aspect. Caledonian college encourages students to learn new things. Therefore, m Caledonian college and 12 D have arguments and it provide chance for students to go ahead with this experiment and have training about this program. 5- The last guest lecture was conducted by Selva Pandian , it was about A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO ENERGY AUDIT IN BUILDINGS. Energy management is done by number of steps which are: Obtaining energy supplies at the minimum value. During peak efficiency, manage the energy. In addition, the energy auditing is an energy audit is improving an understanding of the specific energy using patterns of a particular facility. There are two type of audit, which are the preliminary Audit and detailed Audit. First, the preliminary Audit consists of high-level assessment, assesses merits of doing detailed audit, Identifies areas of focus for detailed audit and Includes walk-through and preliminary data analysis. Second is the detailed Audit. It is include the following detailed Audit, dreamer detail in assessment of specific areas and identifies specific EMOs. The purpose of this audit is to identify the specific measures to reduce there points, which are consumption, demand and cost. This can be success by following step: • examine site drawings • prepare load inventory • assess demand profile • assess all energy load areas • provide baseline criterion • assess tariff change opportunity In addition, the lecturer discussed about the effect of using energy by drivers, which will be effect due to climate, facility size and age, schedules, equipment type, building design, processes, organizational culture and behavior. Other point discussed is about benchmarking which is the methodology to improve energy performance. This can done by comparison of energy performance to a “standard”, Investigation of the differences between existing and “standard” and practices and driving action to improve practices. In conclusion, the lecture was interested, in personally aspect, it was chance to learn new things such as inference, benchmarking and what is energy auditing and how to deal with it. The lecturer and audiences reach to important point, which is energy, is money, best practices always reduce energy cost and energy audit is the responsibility of every individual for the growth of the nation.