2 forum responses 250 words each with works cited criminal justice

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Post 1:


Discuss difficulty in defining the term sexual exploitation of children. How has our view as a society changed throughout history to better understand this kind of victimization? In your view, what is the most dangerous ‘type’ of child sex offender?
In today’s society the topic of child sexual exploitation is a very touchy and somewhat subjective topic. The reason being is that we as a society are diversified in the way of thinking in terms of what is ‘risky’ or ‘out of line’, when it comes to what is exploitation. What may be considered ‘art’ for example, may be considered pushing the envelope and inappropriate to another.
However in today’s world, sexual exploitation and as well as sex trafficking is a very real problem, and is increasingly becoming more and more aware in the public eye. In the recent decades the veil that once covered the topic has slowly been being pulled away, with good reason. One of the main problems facing the definition of this subject matter is the fact that through the United States and surrounding countries, is the fact that it is not fully understood, and the gravity and magnitude of the problem has been hidden for so long.
Reasons in which this problem has been able to survive and continue is due to a variety of factors. Such being, lack of reported cases, scenarios play out behind closed doors with vulnerable, abused children that don’t have a voice to report. Examples could be children in the foster care system, homeless, runaways, or children in the juvenile system. Children in broken systems don’t have the resources to reach out for help in most cases, and becomes victims to abuse, sexual exploitation and even sex trafficking.
Society has been woken to the realization that commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of minors is an act of abuse and violence against children. However this is still a grave topic and the society does not have a full grasp on the desperation as of yet. (National Research Council)
Due to the fact that the problem has yet to recognized in its entirety as of yet, as a result there is a real lack of resources in the criminal justice system to safeguard society as a whole. (Simons. D)
There are a variety of ‘types’ of sexual offenders and generally fall under a pattern of risk and patter of behaviors. These characteristics can be used to better understand the type of offender in hopes to implement prevention. A child sexual abuser is someone that uses coercion of a sexual nature. The most dangerous is the abuser that appears to be a friend, as he/she builds a relationship with the child. He/she will spend ample time ‘grooming’ the child, as well as earning the trust of the parent (if relevant), this is a way to manipulate the child into compliance with the sexual acts. However a child cannot give consent, and this is never a ‘compliant’ act in terms of the law. This type of act is one of the most damaging to a child, and can have lifetime last confusion and psychological damage to the victim.
To effectively investigate and prosecute cases involving sexual exploitation of children by acquaintance child molesters, four behavioral concepts of this child sexual victimization must be understood. What are they? Assess their significance.
The four behavioral concepts of child sexual victimization are as follows:

1 The “Nice guy”

2 Acquaintance offender

3 Compliant Victims

4 Acquaintance molesters

• (Lanning K.V)
It is vital to be able to understand and identify the four in effort to better safeguard society. If these four can be fully understood the challenges when investigating cases and working with victims becomes something more able to take on. Keeping in mind, these kind of child victims are generally very abused, and have little to no way of reaching for help and or communicating for themselves. When an investigation takes place often times it is the criminal justice and the legal system that need to advocate for these victims. So be educating on the varying types of abuse, and the different channels that are being used to seek out and exploit children.













Resources:


Institute of Medicine; National Research Council. Confronting Commercial Sexual Exploitation and Sex Trafficking of Minors in the United States: A Guide for Providers of Victim and Support Services. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 2014 Jun 20. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK223975/ doi: 10.17226/18798
Sex Offenders Management Assessment and Planning Initiative, by Dominique Simons, chapter 3: Sex Offender Typologies, www.smart.gov
Child Molesters: A Behavioral Analysis for Professional Investigating and Sexual Exploitation of Children, Kenneth V. Lanning (2010) www.ncjrs.gov

• Re: Week 1 Part 2 Vanessa Brown
Stacey Hephner | a day ago | 80 words



Hi Vanessa, you make a very good case for the "friend" who grooms the victim, and I have had experience working on a case in which this occurred; from your perspective, is there another "type" of offender who poses a bigger threat?
In respect to the behavioral concepts you listed, which support your view on the most dangerous offender, what are the differences between the acquaintance offender and the acquaintance molester?
Great job of putting thought into this!
Dr. H

• Re: Week 1 Part 2 Vanessa Brown
Vanessa Brown | 5 hours ago | 51 words



I beleive the difference is, the offender could be someone that distributes pornopgraphy of a child on the web, while the molester is the perp who does the actual physical abuse.
I think both are of course terrible and need to be heldaccountable to the highest extent of the law.
VB

• Re: Week 1 Part 2 Vanessa Brown
Rebecca Drewry | a day ago | 361 words



Vanessa,
I enjoyed reading your response to this week’s forum. It was both interesting and informative. I agree with you on the topic of sexual exploitation of children being a touchy and subjective topic. I have found in some of my cases I have worked, that individuals do not want to talk about certain topics especially when it involves a topic such as this. I had a particular case where the family completely ignored the fact that their child was engaging in extremely risky behaviors which involved the exploitation of children. They refused to engage in conversation despite their child facing serious charges. I found this to be strange as it seemed they were unwilling to help their own child or the many children who were being exploited by addressing the issue. However, I think they were uncomfortable with the topic and/or if they spoke about it, then it would be real (despite the fact that it is very very real). I know the question asked us to discuss what we believed to be the most dangerous “type” of child sex offender however I had difficulty answering this because I believe that they are all equally dangerous. I do agree with your opinion that “the most dangerous is the abuser that appears to be a friend, as he/she builds a relationship with the child and these individuals are able to spend time with the child/children in order to groom them.” In my response, I did express that those closest to a child can be the most dangerous especially due to their ability to build trust with a child without their knowledge that the individual will harm them also known as the ability to “groom” a child or youth (Williams, 2015). I was just in a training for work where the presenter expressed that she is most terrified about teachers when considering child abusers. It is scary to think that there can be individuals close to us and our families who could be sexual predators. Thank you again for your response.
Williams, A. (2015). Child sexual victimization: ethnographic stories of stranger and acquaintance grooming. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 21(1), 28-42.

Post 2:

1. Discuss difficulty in defining the term sexual exploitation of children. How has our view as a society changed throughout history to better understand this kind of victimization? In your view, what is the most dangerous ‘type’ of child sex offender?

2. To effectively investigate and prosecute cases involving sexual exploitation of children by acquaintance child molesters, four behavioral concepts of this child sexual victimization must be understood. What are they? Assess their significance.

3. What are acquaintance-exploitation cases?

Arguably, defining sexual exploitation has become more difficult to define due to technological advances. As mentioned previously, I currently work with youth who are primarily involved in the court system. There has been an influx of teenagers who are becoming involved in the court system due to issues such as “sexting.” In many cases, this can be considered child pornography. According to one legal definition, the “sexual exploitation of a child is defined as the act of employing, using, persuading, inducing, enticing, or coercing a minor child to engage in sexually explicit conduct for the purpose of producing visual depictions (Child Exploitation, 2015).” Acts of sexual exploitation can include Indecent touching or exposure of or to a child the use of sexually explicit language towards a child, involvement of a child in pornography, showing a child pornographic material, rape, incest, and/or sexual slavery (Child Exploitation, 2015).

In my opinion, society has changed greatly in order to better understand sexual exploitation of children. For instance, just as technological advances have created higher cases of individuals who are involved with the “sexting,” as well as other uses of exploited children-technology has also helped to gain a better understanding of this kind of victimization. Technology offers the ability for individuals to gather more information and research to gain more knowledge and to study sexual exploitation.

I would argue that it is difficult to say that one type of child sex offender is the most dangerous because they are equally as dangerous. With that said, one may argue that those who are closest to a child can be the most dangerous type of child sex offender due to their ability to build trust with a child without their knowledge that the individual will harm them also know as the ability to “groom” a child or youth (Williams, 2015). Child sexual grooming has been defined as a process by which an individual prepares a child or youth, significant adults and the environment for the abuse of a child (Williams, 2015).”

There are four important behavioral concepts of child sexual victimization which include sexual activity, “nice-guy” offenders, compliant child victims, and grooming/seduction (Lanning, 2010). In understanding these concepts, it may help to prevent future sexual exploitation of children and youth. The article also discusses the idea of “stranger danger” which was a huge focus back in the 1950’s and 1960’s. The idea was to have children avoid individuals who they were not familiar with. An idea that I was taught as a child, an idea that my parents required us to have a family password that way not just anyone could pick us up from school.

Acquaintance-exploitation cases are simply put, they are cases where children are sexually exploited by acquaintances or people they know (Lanning, 2010). According to one article, it expresses that the majority of children who are sexually victimized are done so by acquaintances and most of these acquaintances are preferential sex offenders (Lanning, 2010).

Child Exploitation - Definition, Examples, Cases, Processes. (2015, August 07). Retrieved from https://legaldictionary.net/child-exploitation/

Lanning, K. V. (2010). Child Molesters: A Behavioral Analysis for Professional Investigating the Sexual Exploitation of Children. U.S. Department of Justice, 1-193. Retrieved from https://www.icmec.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/US-NCMEC-Child-Molesters-A-Behavioral-Analysis-Lanning-2010.pdf.

Williams, A. (2015). Child sexual victimization: ethnographic stories of stranger and acquaintance grooming. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 21(1), 28-42.

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