Case Analysis

User Generated

avpbyr84

Business Finance

Description

I have all the papers and I need you to look over them and follow the instructions please.Conclude your analysis with stating whether you believe the investigation and prosecution of this case was performed effectively. Include your recommendations for how the case could have been handled differently to produce a more desirable outcome.

Here is the case

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Running head: OPERATION GHOST STORIES: INSIDE THE RUSSIAN SPY CASE Operation Ghost Stories: Inside the Russian Spy Case Name of the student Tutor Date 1 OPERATION GHOST STORIES: INSIDE THE RUSSIAN SPY CASE 2 Operation Ghost Stories: Inside the Russian Spy Case Fischer, B. B. (2011). Spy Dust and Ghost Surveillance: How the KGB Spooked the CIA and Hid Aldrich Ames in Plain Sight. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 24(2), 268-306. This article speaks about the various ways through which the Russian government started spying on the activities of the United States. It gives a history of how these issues started and take a center stage of how the trusted employee of the investigation department came to betray the country. CIA officer Aldrich Hazen is introduced to be a mole that the CIA and FBI had been hunting for over eight years. He was a spy for the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (RVR) and was finally caught and charged. Despite the fact that this article is dated to past activities starting from the 1980s, it is important in analyzing how the Russian spies worked and how it started which is vital for more information in the project. Darczewska, J. (2014). The anatomy of Russian information warfare. The Crimean operation, a case study. The author of this article, Jolanta Darczewska examines how the information warfare has had a long history in Russia. An explanation is given on how it has been redefined over the past few years by the use of the geopolitical theory. This is a means used by the state in order to achieve its end in domestic, regional and international politics and as well to gain a geopolitical advantage. It is deduced that the manner in which it is done usually leads to rivalry between Russia and other states such as the US. This gives an explanation as to why the Russians have been sending their spies in the United States. This reference qualifies for the project as it gives a OPERATION GHOST STORIES: INSIDE THE RUSSIAN SPY CASE 3 deep cause on some of the reasons why Russia decided to send some of their spies in the US. These are facts that must be included in the finals project. Edwards, B., Furnas, A., Forrest, S., & Axelrod, R. (2017). Strategic aspects of cyberattack, attribution, and blame. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201700442. This work tries to sensitize and give clear explanations of cyber conflict which is a common potential dangerous occurrence nowadays. It elaborates the point at which if the attack is executed then it will attribute to viable punishment at its disposal. Numerous historical examples are sued on the past attacks that have been executed including the conflicts involving the US and Russia. This article is appropriate for the final project as it elaborates what triggered the conflict between these two countries. The ghost story of the Russian spy case is majorly based on the Russian spies under non-official cover and the major way they carried out their activities is through cyber-spy and this article explains all these forms of crime, as well as their consequences. Miller, G., & Jaffe, G. (2017). Trump revealed highly classified information to Russian foreign minister and ambassador. Washington Post. This is a source that is very important to the case ghost case of the Russian spy case. The document revolves around the plans of the current United States President, Donald Trump. Elaboration is given on the various security threats and worries that has existed between the US and Russia. When Trump decided to share intelligence information with Russian officials, he was so much blamed by senior government officials. despite the fact that there have been some cyber-attacks by the Russian, this document is very important as it gives the plans that the US have towards making the relationship between them and Russia together with other countries OPERATION GHOST STORIES: INSIDE THE RUSSIAN SPY CASE 4 better. What is the way forward after the spy cases? This is very important in the project as Trump has emphasized the need to work together to end other more serious conflicts such as the Syria case. Mulder, F., & Russian, M. A. (2016). The states that cried bear? An assessment of Russia’s deniable intervention as a regional threat (Master's thesis). The authors of this article Mulder Freek assesses the intervention of Russia at various levels as a regional threat. It examines hybrid warfare as a strategy that is employed by the Russian government. They use local insurgents to destabilize an adversary state such as the US. Russia is portrayed to constitute a regional threat and an empirical analysis is used to ascertain it. The case of Belarus, the US, Latvia and more are used. Therefore, this article is vital for the final project as it explains how Russia has become a threat to many countries including the US. It also explains the type of people used by Russia to carry out these illegal activities such as local insurgents and others. OPERATION GHOST STORIES: INSIDE THE RUSSIAN SPY CASE Reference Fischer, B. B. (2011). Spy Dust and Ghost Surveillance: How the KGB Spooked the CIA and Hid Aldrich Ames in Plain Sight. International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 24(2), 268-306. Darczewska, J. (2014). The anatomy of Russian information warfare. The Crimean operation, a case study. Edwards, B., Furnas, A., Forrest, S., & Axelrod, R. (2017). Strategic aspects of cyberattack, attribution, and blame. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 201700442. Miller, G., & Jaffe, G. (2017). Trump revealed highly classified information to Russian foreign minister and ambassador. Washington Post. Mulder, F., & Russian, M. A. (2016). The states that cried bear? An assessment of Russia’s deniable intervention as a regional threat (Master's thesis). 5 4-2 Final Project Milestone Three: Draft of International Agencies and Law. (Section III) Jus-301 International Criminal Justice Nicole Obeni 06/02/2018 LAW 2 The ten spies from Russia were all residing in the United States and various states which made work difficult for the FBI's. The United States of America has their laws of violations that regard the individuals who were alleged to be the Russian spies (Van Jelgerhuis et al., 2015). Some of the people in the case were held on the violation of immigration which tremendously assisted the law enforcement officials to capture the criminals. The law of conspiracy also was used to detain the criminal from the spying crimes. The immigration judges had an obligation to remove the spies from the country. The idea of domestic and international laws helped the officials to apprehend the criminals they include common and civil laws. The political factors did do a slight and yet an essential role in facilitating the crime involved. It is evident that since the United States and the Russian government had a bad relationship for many decades or years currently, but the still sat down and made deals concerning the Russian spy case. The United States had the capability of sending these criminals to 25 years or more on their federal prisons but decided to let Russians handle the situation in exchange for American Citizens in their position. The deal between the two governments was called a swap negotiation. The law enforcement agency conducted the mitigation of these types of the crimes with great care, and the approach is not always the case in each case brought forth (Cohen, & Stevens, 2016). In regard to the Russian spy case; the anticipated FBI is well trained and also very resourceful which they are capable of capturing the people who commit federal crimes in the United States. LAW 3 The Russian spy case was essential to American and with regards to the investigation with the United States organizations. The two corporations are the CIA and FBI which were much involved in this particular investigation. The primary goal of the CIA was to keep ties with the Russian in their country Russia which was communicating with the spies in America while the FBI did keep tabs with the Russians themselves within the state. The organization was majorly based on the fact that some of the criminals were able to sneak out of the country before they were apprehended. The United States was not facilitated in this particular case within all the agencies involved. In every history of the cases agency the only nation that acknowledged the laws, was only when the Russians spies wanted by the American FBI fled to Cyprus where the federal government arrested one of them. The government detained one man called Christopher Metso’s. Yes, the United States can reciprocate their laws when always making deals with other countries where other nations prisoners exchanges for the American prisoners. The federal government came with this notion to assist those prisoners in serving their criminal time in their own country prisons. The other nations use the idea to keep a local tie between countries to so as not cause unnecessary tensions between them. It is indeed true that the United States had a cooperative relationship with the other international law enforcement agencies, but this was to a certain extent. The other nations that were involved in this particular case only cooperated if at the trials were somewhat related to the crime committed or broke was according to their country’s laws. LAW 4 The United States did cooperate with the organizations, but they did not like involving other nations in their investigations. They are also hesitant in assisting other countries in prosecuting the American citizens that commit crimes in other countries. It is clear the US does not accept the international criminal justice systems as something that they tend to cooperate with this case scenario because they believe that their citizens must have their rights intact no matter the crime committed or the country the citizen visits. Conclusion The apprehending and also enforcement of criminal justice in the foreign organization will only depend on whether the Americans have a treaty with that particular country. The mutual agreements between the nations are a considerable factor when extradition is most likely to happen. I believe it is crucial for the two countries to cooperate and coordinate with the agencies in the sense that these international agencies have got powers to bring the nations together which assist in fighting one common goal of putting down known criminals to justice. LAW 5 Reference Cohen, & Stevens, (2016). Virtuous Vices: On Objectivity, Bias, and Virtue in Argumentation. Van Jelgerhuis, (2015). The resurgence of Cold War imagery in Western popular culture (Doctoral dissertation, The Florida State University). 2-2 Final Project Milestone One: Draft of American Justice System Jus-305 International Criminal Justice Nicole Obeni 05/20/2018 LAW 2 Analysis of the American Justice System The American justice system is seen out to be very different from most of the other countries; this is because a single institution does not represent it. It involves an interconnection of the criminal justice system at the Federal, state, and other unique jurisdictional levels such as the territorial courts and the military courts. Every institution is mandated to deal with specific cases, For example, the criminal justice system is prescribed to deal with national cases such as, treason, espionage, and assassination of a top-level government official. Additionally, the state criminal justice system is expected to look into cases taking place or, in a specific occasion, is proved to be involved in the state. The American criminal justice system has three major components which perform different tasks in ensuring the offenders pay for the crime conducted, given an opportunity to repent in the name of delivering justice to the affected victims (Cole et al., 2018). Therefore, the primary components responsible for performing these tasks include; Law Enforcement, this begins when a crime is detected. It happens when the victims or the witness signal the law enforcement organs which are the police force or in some cases the specialized agencies receive or they catch the crime suspect themselves. From there, the law enforcement organs verify the information gathered and move on with an investigation to prove the case. LAW 3 Upon delegating the duties, the Law Enforcement organ is mandated for arresting of the suspected offenders, collection, and preservation of the evidence, the establishment of the motives, and finally completes the arrest report through the investigation results. On the other side, its responsibilities include; upholding the rights of offenders, victims, witnesses, and conducting the police procedures within their jurisdictions. Meanwhile, at the Federal level, there is a law implementation organ which is mandated to protect certain areas criminal law; an example is the US Department of Homeland Security which addresses the issues of human trafficking. Also, there is the US Department of Justice which is composed of agencies like the FBI which corporate police powers over a crime of initial nationwide impact like the terrorist acts. The second component of the American criminal justice is the Adjudication. This refers to the legal process through which the court pronounces a verdict to the groups in a case. The adjudication involves three major processes which are; Pre-trial services, Arraignment, and the Trial (Hafetz, 2017). In Pre-trial, the Adjudication process starts when the police submit an arrest report to the prosecutor where the prosecutor will make a ruling on whether the incident will proceed with a criminal case or not. From there, the suspected offender is subjected to crime charges since it is always very rare for the prosecutor to dismiss all the charges. After that, if the prosecutor resolves to pose charges against an alleged offender, the judgment procedure then proceeds to arraignment, thereafter, the arraignment continues into probation to determine whether the prosecutor is guilt-ridden or not. When the offender is proven guilty, he/she is convicted with the court determining the sentence. The third component of the American justice is the correction. It includes all the sentenced offenders, plus those who are speculated to be on the death row. The Federal and state criminal justice holds Correction as the replacement for penology where many terms to be harsh and LAW 4 unforgiving. The networks of correction include public run and individual operated bodies in conjunction with the employees and extra stakeholders where its administration requires conformation to the legal standards. The correction process involves reformation and rehabilitation programs to mold eligible convicts for societal acceptance as a free individual. Operation Ghost stories from Inside the Russian Spy Case focuses on the Russians who pretended to have stayed in America for good purposes but in the real sense had intentions of spying how activities are carried out within America. These Russians rented houses in the US; some bought already built homes and had families which mean that they stayed in the US for a more extended time until they blended in the culture (Chemerinsky, 2016). However, in a real sense, they were sponsored by the Russian government to spy American’s modes of conducting activities and also realizing their weaknesses so to get a way of attacking them. To their surprise, the Americans most valued intelligent service known as FBI traced them and discovered their tricks which made them to be detained and some deported back. At least 10 of the Russians spy’s were arrested in America for scrutiny and further investigation of what might be their intention and the sponsor of their purported stay in the United States. • Upon mitigating both the Domestic and international crime, the procedural law tend to be very harsh and strict in handling Domestic crimes unlike on the international crime. The process on criminal activity involves; arrest, read your Miranda rights, take to jail, booking, and notification of charges, arraignment, pre-trial, trial, sentencing, and correction at the last. The last stage which is correction helps in combating future criminal activity. • Right to prompt fair trial by jury LAW 5 • Right to apply for federal employment requiring US citizenship. • Responsibility to respect and obey Federal, state and local laws. • Responsibility to serve on jury when called upon. • According to the 14th Amendment of the American constitution, there is no difference in the enforcement of the procedural laws to the American citizens and the non-citizens. This is because, the amendment states clearly that “nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.” Therefore the judicial system provides similar judgment to the citizens as well as the non-citizens. • Right to life and security • Right to choose spouse, marry and have a family • Equality before courts. LAW 6 Reference Cole, G. F., Smith, C. E., & DeJong, C. (2018). The American system of criminal justice. Cengage Learning. Hafetz, J. (2017). Fairness, Legitimacy, and Selection Decisions in International Criminal Law. Vand. J. Transnat'l L., 50, 1133. Chemerinsky, E. (2016). Constitutional law. Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. Hart, Herbert Lionel Adolphus. "Positivism and the Separation of Law and Morals." Law and Morality. Routledge, 2017. 63-99. RunningHead: LAW DRAFT OF THE OPERATION GHOST STORIES CASE STUDENT NAME COURSE TITLE INSTRUCTOR DATE LAW 2 DRAFT OF THE OPERATION GHOST STORIES CASE The government of Russia had been spending much time and profound finances to train and employ their spies known as the "illegals," and would perform the investment with the intent of expecting some information from the US in return. However, the US agents and investigators keenly watched the moves of these operatives when they were setting up in the US whereby others would steal the identities for them to live healthy lives by getting married, giving birth to children as well as incorporating into the American community (Cozine, 2015). Additionally, the American agents and analysts would use the inspection and modern techniques to obtain the information to fully comprehend the dangers that the operatives would cause to the locals, and their procedural ways of performing their spying duty. Despite the fact that they did not accomplish their goals, the Russian spies were never relaxed and would gather information and send it back to their native land. For instance, they majorly focused on the spotting and assessing activity, in which they would recognize the susceptible targets especially in the academic ground where they could spot the coopt individuals who were future leaders. In the 1930s, the most talented spotters recruited Cambridge University scholars such as the upcoming spy, Kim Philby. He managed into the British government and later became among the Soviet operatives in the World War II. Their primary objective was to develop the information sources in the United States plan making circles, which was mainly a continuous deep-cover assignment, of which they never succeeded. After an extended period of obtaining the intelligence and ensuring that the US agents and analysts thoroughly knew all the operatives and their investigation was even code-named the Ghost stories in the FBI (Van Jelgerhuis, 2015). On 27th June 2010, 10 of the illegals were captured and put in the police custody. After some weeks, they were found guilty in the national LAW 3 court of working as the illegal agents of the Russian government in the foreign state, the United States of America. Finally, the plea in the court terminated recommended effort of the Bureau workforce such as the agents, investigators, inspectors and the linguists which were performed with the utmost secrecy. Though some of the unlawful agents stole some identities to enable them to pretend to be Americans, they were still Russians. So, they were charged with offensive complaints of planning to work as the prohibited agents since the state law forbids people from conspiring to act as the agents of foreign governments within the US before notifying the United States Attorney General. Additionally, others were also arrested and charged with plan to perform the money laundering in the foreign land (Cozine, 2015). During the arresting time, almost every criminal was residing in a different place. For example, the suspects, Richard and Cynthia Murphy were apprehended in their residential area in Montclair, New Jersey by the FBI agents and were likely to report in the court in Manhattan. These two Vicky Pelaez and Juan Lazaro were detained in Yonkers, New York and were possibly needed to report in state court in Manhattan. The FBI agents detained Anna Chapman in Manhattan; however, she was to appear in the national court in Manhattan. While other criminals like Mikhail Semenko, Michael Zottoli, and Patricia Mills were captured while residing in Arlington and they were reporting in court in the Alexandria. Those like Donald Howard Heathfield and Tracey Lee Ann Foley were apprehended at their residential place in Boston and were to exist in federal court in Boston (Van Jelgerhuis, 2015). This tendency of scattered residence interferes with the investigation and arresting because all these criminals were from separate inhabitants; therefore, others would have gotten a hint concerning the arrest leading to their escape before the US agents arrive. Similarly, some could lie regarding the investigation undertaken. LAW 4 According to the case of the Operation Ghost Stories: Inside the Russian Spy, the criminals were charged with the conspiracy of acting as unlawful agents of an alien regime without alerting the Attorney General of the United States. Seemingly, all the criminals violated this regulation. The violation of this law incorporates a maximum fine of five years imprisonment. Moreover, all the offenders apart from Chapman and Semenko were as well charged with conspiring to perform the money laundering. This form of law breaching carries an utmost fine of 20 years imprisonment. These charges were all filed in the United States District Court, and they remained allegations while the defendants were considered innocent until guilt is found (Cozine, 2015). However, all the ten illegals alleged guilty in the state court were instantaneously expelled from the US. Under their petition contract, the offenders were needed to reveal their real identities in the District Court for them to pay for some assets responsible for the crimes they committed. As indicated above, all were Russian citizens though some did hide their true personality to avoid recognition. Conclusively, they were all transmitted to the Russian Federation custody in exchange for the American Citizens who were charged with Western intelligence agencies (Van Jelgerhuis, 2015). References Cozine, K. (2015). Setauket to Abbottabad: The Value of Film and Television in Teaching Human Intelligence. Journal of Strategic Security, 8(3), 80. LAW 5 Van Jelgerhuis, D. (2015). The resurgence of Cold War imagery in Western popular culture (Doctoral dissertation, The Florida State University).
Purchase answer to see full attachment
User generated content is uploaded by users for the purposes of learning and should be used following Studypool's honor code & terms of service.

Explanation & Answer

...


Anonymous
I was struggling with this subject, and this helped me a ton!

Studypool
4.7
Trustpilot
4.5
Sitejabber
4.4

Related Tags