Hi,Reading: Franklin & Higginbotham: From Slavery to Freedom, A History of African Americans, 9ed, Chapters 4 to 6 1. -Discuss interactions between Native American peoples and black slaves. a. Why did members of the two groups sometimes cooperate and sometimes fight against each other? b. How did European colonists respond to the threat of cooperation between blacks and Indians? 2. Discuss the military roles of black Americans during the War for Independence. a. How did the various militaries consider in their policies regarding the enlistment of black soldiers? b. Which factors contributed to black men's decision to enlist on one side or the other? c. How important was black soldiers' battlefield performance to the outcome of the war? 3. What role did churches and fraternal organizations play in northern black communities? a. Did black women share equal access to these institutions with black men? b. What avenues were open during this time for black women to engage in public matters?

Module 2 - CaseMITIGATION AND RISK REDUCTIONCase AssignmentEarthquakes occur rapidly without warning. Mitigation measures, if done effectively, serve to prevent or lessen deaths and damage to infrastructure. Depending on where one is located, earthquakes may have minimal to medium effects on life and structures, such as perhaps in a suburban or rural area. A major city, such as San Francisco, on the other hand, could be devastated by an earthquake. Read the selections for this module and answer questions regarding impediments.Address the following:Describe impediments to disaster prevention in major cities.For each of the impediments you described, provide specific examples in recent earthquake disasters. Describe strategies for addressing the impediments in your examples.Assignment ExpectationsLength: This Case Assignment should be 4–6 pages, not counting the title page and references.References: At least two references should be included from academic sources (e.g., peer-reviewed journal articles). Required readings are included. Quoted material should not exceed 10% of the total paper (since the focus of these assignments is critical thinking). Use your own words and build on the ideas of others. When material is copied verbatim from external sources, it MUST be enclosed in quotes. The references should be cited within the text and listed at the end of the assignment in the References section (preferably in APA format).Organization: Subheadings should be used to organize your paper according to question.Grammar and Spelling: While no points are deducted for minor errors, assignments are expected to adhere to standard guidelines of grammar, spelling, punctuation, and sentence syntax. Points may be deducted if grammar and spelling impact clarity.NOTE: I did find that your paper was missing a general summary or conclusion. It is a good academic writing practice to finish every work with a conclusion or summary.____________________________________________________________________________________________________Module 2 - BackgroundMITIGATION AND RISK REDUCTIONRequired ReadingEarthquake risk reduction: Addressing the unmet challenges; the need for an interdisciplinary research approach (2008). Earthquake Engineering Research Group. Retrieved from http://www.eeri.org/site/images/free_pubs/InterdisciplinaryResearch_white_paper.pdfOskin, B. (2017). Japan earthquake & tsunami of 2011: Facts and information, Livescience. Retrieved from https://www.livescience.com/39110-japan-2011-earthquake-tsunami-facts.htmlRequired WebsitesDisaster Information Management Research Center: https://disaster.nlm.nih.gov/Hazard Mitigation Planning. FEMA. https://www.fema.gov/hazard-mitigation-planningIntroduction to Mitigation. FEMA EMI. Retrieved from http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/IS/is393alst.asp. Scroll down to IS393.A-Lesson 4, “Building and Implementing a Community Hazard Mitigation Plan.”National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program. FEMA: http://www.fema.gov/national-earthquake-hazards-reduction-program