organic chemistry

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Nitration of Methyl benzoate
7/16/2018
Name
Introduction:
Some of the most important reactions of aromatic compounds are electrophilic aromatic substitutions in
which one of the hydrogen atoms of an aromatic ring is replaced by an electrophile such as nitronium,
halogens or sulfonate. Benzene, due to its high electron density, is used through this mechanism to
synthesize many of the important compounds in nature and important drugs.
Nitration of benzene is one the most important examples of aromatic substitutions. Benzene undergoes
nitration on reaction with a mixture of concentrated sulfuric acid nitric acid. Nitronium ion is formed by
dissociation of nitric acid, it reacts with benzene to form a resonance-stabilized ion which loses a proton
and then nitro benzene is formed. Sulfuric acid speeds up the experiment.

In this experiment, methyl benzoate is being nitrated using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A cool solution of
methyl benzoate and both acids is prepared and since the reaction is highly exothermic, it’s controlled
by pouring the mixture on ice. Vacuum filtration is used ...


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