Body revision

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Wraavsreurvq

Humanities

Columbia Southern University

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This is my Professors notes from the body paragraph for the revision.

“Jenneifer,

The content of this portion adheres to the requirement of a minimum of 3 or 4 paragraphs. This is the minimum, so more content could be included in this major portion of the paper. For each paragraph, however, you included an excellent topic sentence, explanation and illustration of the point and also, you included excellent transition sentences that adds to the organization, clarity and unity. The writing demonstrates proficient use of standard written English. The reference page and in text citations are noted with some APA format errors. Your work demonstrates an understanding of the body portion of the paper. Please use this feedback, the rubric and the comments on your paper for the revision. Keep up the effort. CRC”

The Body Revision

Follow the directions below for the completion of the body paragraphs revision assignment for Unit VII. If you have questions, please email your professor for assistance.

Purpose: The purpose of this assignment is to revise the body of your academic argumentative research paper, which you created a draft of in Unit VI.

Description: In this assignment, you will revise the three to four body paragraphs you wrote in Unit VI. The following requirements must be included in the assignment:

  • Body Paragraphs: You will revise the body section of your paper based on feedback received from your professor in Unit VI. Please review here the guidelines for the body section of your research paper: This section will include three to four paragraphs comprised of five to seven sentences each. Each paragraph should be between 150-200 words. At a minimum, this portion of the paper should be 450-600 words (for three to four paragraphs); a body section of this length will meet the minimum requirements of the assignment. Revisions must be substantive and should be made in accordance with the direction given by the professor's feedback. The following components must be included in each body paragraph (in the following order).
    • Sentence 1: Point/reason sentence: This topic sentence will contain one of your reasons.
    • Sentence 2: Explanation: In this sentence, you will provide information that further develops or explains Sentence 1.
    • Sentence 3: Illustration: This sentence introduces evidence that supports the reason that is presented in Sentence 1.
    • Sentence 4: Explanation of the illustration: Because the evidence does not necessarily stand on its own, you need to provide explanation so that the reader will understand how you interpreted the evidence to come to your reason.
    • Sentences 5-6: Second illustration and explanation (optional): You may choose to include a second piece of evidence that is then followed by an explanation.
    • Last Sentence: Transition: In this sentence, you will signal to the reader that you will be moving on to another point in the next paragraph. You do this to ease the movement from one point to another.
  • Be sure to include the introduction and literature review you have already created and revised.
  • Use APA conventions to cite and reference all sources used to support your argument.

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Running head: MODERNIZED FARMING 1 Modernized Farming: A Case for Improved Farming in Texas Jennifer Heid CSU MODERNIZED FARMING 2 Modernized Farming: A Case for Improved Farming in Texas The debate on the sustainability of agriculture in many arid areas of the United States has been advanced for years now. The supporters of farming in these areas have reiterated continuously that since agriculture is a central part of the U.S economy, it has been sustainable and will continue to be so in the future. On the other hand, opponents of the idea have generally argued that although farming is a tradition held by many Americans, the U.S might have to think of other economic activities in these regions owing to the changing conditions. In Texas, the implementation of better farming methods has led to the belief among proponents that farming remains highly stable and sustainable. For instance, Monson (2016) presents an example of urban agriculture growing in the area through the application of aquaponics. Furthermore, with increased pressure on farming, Texas feels more pressured due to water shortage, pests, and adverse weather conditions. The main argument surrounds the division on whether Texas farming will continue being sustainable with the current pressure or not. Proponents argue that although the population is growing and there is a lot of pressure, Texas has evolved to accommodate the same by adopting advanced technology. On the contrary, the adverse effects of the pressure and food insecurity are already evident. More advanced techniques such as aquaponics and better farming methods applied on Texas farms will adequately handle the challenges facing farmers such as the lack of adequate water and invasion by pests. The Literature Review In order to understand farming better in the context of Texas, it is necessary to have an overview of how farming occurs in the state. This literature review outlines the proponents’ argument and connects it with resources claiming the same. On the other hand, it also shows the main concerns connected to the topic and how various authors and experts have perceived them. MODERNIZED FARMING 3 The pro side argues that farming in Texas is sustainable and advanced while the con side argues that farming in the state is endangered and challenging. A Brief Overview of Texas Farming Texas has generally been a farming state with expansive lands, which were initially barren, but the Native Americans transformed them into farmland planting crops such as cotton and corn (Peoples Bank, 2017). The history of Texas farming has evolved from a land that was initially considered unproductive to one of the country’s major producers of agriculture. From the time Native Americans farmed on the land around the turn into the 20th century, farming in Texas has advanced from the extensive use of manpower to mechanization with the advancement of mechanization in the country. The Texas State Historical Association (n.d.) points out gradual changes have revolutionized agriculture in the state and outlined some of these changes: Farms have become fewer, larger, specialized, and much more expensive to own and operate, but are also far more productive. The number of small farms operated by parttime farmers is increasing. Land ownership is becoming more of a lifestyle used mostly for recreational purposes. A review of the advancement of agriculture in the area, therefore, presents a diversity of options, which have come with time and have changed how people do farming as well as the sustainability of the business. The Profitability of Farming through Modernization The benefits of agriculture in Texas are evident in several arguments despite the apparent pressure of population and the disasters that affect the state from time to time. Agriculture in Texas has changed from the many small farms to larger ones, which are easier to manage with the help of modern mechanization and farming techniques such as horticulture (McComb, 2014). MODERNIZED FARMING 4 This view supports the idea that despite the rising pressure on the agriculture of the region, the positive changes have ensured food security and increased the products from the state. Furthermore, Terry (n.d.) presents an analysis of how diversity has improved agriculture in the area making it more profitable and states that “increased yields with less input, obtaining better soil infiltration, applying less irrigation and reducing labor costs are some of the many benefits they will accomplish in their overall crop management.” The argument supporting the sustainability of farms in Texas makes a lot of sense and given the technology applied, one would be inclined to agree. However, the opposing argument also advances pressing issues on the pressure that farming in the state has faced over the years. The Piling Pressure on Agriculture The main argument against farming in Texas cites the increased pressure from different directions, which has made farming barely sustainable in the state. First, since Texas is historically an arid region, irrigation has been the main option for farming, and of late, farmers in Texas have been feeling the pressure to produce more food with less water available for them (Hawkes, 2013). The growing pressure makes it hard to feed the people of Texas while maintaining a high level of productivity and thus may be a discouraging trend. Elsewhere, farming is always affected by issues such as diseases and bad weather which compromises the economic value, and Texas has not been an exception. According to Hawkes (2016), Texans faced a great threat to their cotton plants from pests in 2016, an event that has been recurring in the recent past. Considering the effects of pests and harsh weather conditions as well as the shortage of water, there is the need to consider the threats to farming in the state. As much as farming in the state of Texas as advanced and adopted new technology in sustaining the income of some farmers, there is a considerable challenge on the practice in the MODERNIZED FARMING 5 state leading to high stakes for one aiming to invest in the business. The main argument supporting farming is that with the reduced number of farms and increased mechanization, it has been possible to sustain the food demands of the Texans in the past. On the other hand, serious challenges including pests, harsh weather conditions and calamities, and water shortage have considerably threatened the economic activity in the state. Although Texas faces daunting challenges from weather and pests regarding farming, it is evident that advanced technology and farming techniques have allowed farmers to profitably grow crops and sustain the demand in the state. The Case for Texas The development of farming in Texas will be evident despite the challenges available because of the innovation that the people of Texas have brought forth. The residents of Texas have shown the resilience to adapt to the adverse conditions they face in farming and hence have managed to come up with innovative ways to produce food even with the adverse weather conditions and the pest threats they face. For instance, according to Monson (2016), some of the urban farmers in Austin have “plunged into sustainable methods of growing and settled on aquaponics, a system of cultivating aquatic and terrestrial crops at the same time, cycling water and nutrients between them.” The use of innovative techniques of growing food crops is one way of ensuring that the area in Texas, although bound by harsh weather conditions, can utilize the minerals available in the most economical way possible. This innovation of using and aquaponics and several others leads to the quality design of farming systems through the utilization of water resources for the best results. Water resources in Texas play a central part in agricultural productivity through the technological application of irrigation which enhanced farming. Irrigation has been widely MODERNIZED FARMING 6 used in Texas and the main innovation is the use of technological applications to ensure that the water consumed in these projects is the minimal. An example of such applications is Wesley Spurlock’s irrigation system whereby “he uses center pivot sprinklers with drop nozzle conversions, known as low-pressure in canopy, which makes efficient use of irrigation water” (Terry, n.d.). Center pivot sprinklers are an innovation that makes use of distance and rotation to spread an amount of water to a larger area of land and its use allows better utilization of the available water thus allowing the innovation to better utilize the water that is available. The application of better technology in irrigation allows the farmers of Texas to manage their farming activities better and thus beat the harsh weather conditions in producing food. The better usage of resources such as water in managing farming further provides space for the utilization of land for higher productivity which has been realized in the utilization of farms in Texas. Moreover, in an increased effort to advance agriculture in the state, Texas has seen a difference in the ownership of farms thus increasing the efficiency and productivity of many farms in the state. The change in land ownership has improved the decision-making towards the same and thus improved agriculture. In the review of how fewer but larger farms have impacted farming in Texas, Texas State Historical Association (n.d.) notes that “Revolutionary agricultural chemicals and generally engineered traits have appeared along with improved plants and animals.” These initiatives have mainly been advanced by land owners who invest largely in agriculture and thus sacrifice a lot to advance the field specifically due to the conditions in the region. This investment allows the better management of these farms and thus leads to increased productivity which predicts the adaptability of farming in Texas due to better management. MODERNIZED FARMING 7 References Hawkes, L. (2013, February 18). Texas ag water forum: The pressure of less water, more demand on agriculture. Southwest Farm Press. Retrieved from http://www.southwestfarmpress.com/management/texas-ag-water-forum-pressure-lesswater-more-demand-agriculture Hawkes, L. (2016, June 30). Pest pressure increases in South Texas cotton. Southwest Farm Press. http://www.southwestfarmpress.com/cotton/pest-pressure-increases-south-texascotton McComb, D. G. (2014).Texas, A Modern History: Revised Edition. University of Texas Press. Monson, B. (2016, October 24). Case study: The new urban farmers. National Geographic. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/urbanexpeditions/austin/sustainable-innovative-food-growth-feeds-cities/ Peoples Bank. (2017, March 21). The history of agriculture in West Texas. Retrieved from http://news.peoplesbanktexas.com/blog/history-of-agriculture-in-west-texas Terry, Q. (n.d.). Diversity for profit. National Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved from https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/detail/tx/newsroom/features/?cid=nrcs144p2_ 003148 Texas State Historical Association. (n.d.). The state of Texas agriculture. Retrieved from https://texasalmanac.com/topics/agriculture/state-texas-agriculture
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