Description
Write a paper (2,000-2,500 words) in which you apply the concepts of epidemiology and nursing research to a communicable disease. Refer to "Communicable Disease Chain," "Chain of Infection," and the CDC website for assistance completing this assignment.
Communicable Disease Selection
Choose one communicable disease from the following list:
- Chickenpox
- Tuberculosis
- Influenza
- Mononucleosis
- Hepatitis B
- HIV
- Ebola
- Measles
- Polio
- Influenza
Epidemiology Paper Requirements
Address the following:
- Describe the communicable disease (causes, symptoms, mode of transmission, complications, treatment) and the demographic of interest (mortality, morbidity, incidence, and prevalence). Is this a reportable disease? If so, provide details about reporting time, whom to report to, etc.
- Describe the determinants of health and explain how those factors contribute to the development of this disease.
- Discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to the communicable disease you have selected. Include the host factors, agent factors (presence or absence), and environmental factors. (The textbook describes each element of the epidemiologic triangle). Are there any special considerations or notifications for the community, schools, or general population?
- Explain the role of the community health nurse (case finding, reporting, data collecting, data analysis, and follow-up).
- Identify at least one national agency or organization that addresses the communicable disease chosen and describe how the organization(s) contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of disease.
- Discuss a global implication of the disease. How is this addressed in other countries or cultures? Is this disease endemic to a particular area? Provide an example.
A minimum of three peer-reviewed or professional references is required.
Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.
This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.
You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.
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Running head: EPIDEMIOLOGY PAPER
Epidemiology Paper
Student’s name
Institution of affiliation
Date
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EPIDEMIOLOGY PAPER
Epidemiology Paper
HIV/AIDS
This disease is caused by a virus called the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Upon
its invasion in the human body, this virus destroys the CD4 T cells, the white blood cells that
help in fighting diseases majorly. This leads to weakening of the immune system and eventually,
HIV becomes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The main mode of transmission is
through sexual intercourse between an infected and uninfected person (Workowski & Bolan,
2015). Besides sex, HIV can be transmitted through an unscreened blood transfusion to an
uninfected person, sharing sharp objects and personal items with an infected person. Moreover,
the disease can be spread during delivery, pregnancy or through breastfeeding if the mother is
infected with the virus.
The symptoms of HIV during the acute HIV phase include fever, headache, muscle and
joint aches, sore throat and swollen lymph glands. During the chronic phase, symptoms include
swelling of the lymph nodes. This stage lasts for around ten years at this stage. Symptomatic
HIV phase has symptoms such as fatigue, weight loss, diarrhea, oral yeast infection, and
shingles. From this stage, the disease progresses to AIDS (Workowski & Bolan, 2015). Here,
symptoms include recurring fever, chronic diarrhea, soaking night sweat, skin rashes or bumps
and persistent white spots or lesion on the tongue. Common complications of HIV/AIDS include
tuberculosis, candidiasis, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcal meningitis, neurological
disorders, cryptosporidiosis, kidney diseases and wasting syndrome (Workowski & Bolan,
2015).
EPIDEMIOLOGY PAPER
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Hitherto, no cure has been found for HIV/AIDS. However, usage of antiretroviral
regimens (ARVs) can slow the progress of the disease considerably. The global prevalence of
HIV is approximately 31.6-35.2 million with the mortality being around 1.6-1.9 million deaths.
Sub-Saharan African has been shown to be the region with the most infected people. An
estimated 68% of all cases of HIV and 66% of deaths occurred in this area in the year 2010
(Workowski & Bolan, 2015). Some countries have declared HIV to be reportable while others
have not. For instance, in the US, all state healthcare providers are required to report new cases
of HIV to the state departments.
Determinants of health include ten range of social, personal, economic and environmental
factors that have an influence on the health status of a person. Determinants of the health of HIV
include social, economic, pol...
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