Description
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I have a research about engineering disasters. I already choose three case studies. the three case studies are Tacoma Washington Bridge Disaster, The hyatte Regency Walkway disaster, and Paranormal Silver Bridge disaster. Each case study should include history, loss of lives and the cost, cause, what could be done differently, is there any type of engineering ethics causes, etc. Then discuss how engineers and engineering company avoid or face these disasters these days and in the future and how engineering ethics is important in Engineering industry, etc.
Important notes:
1. It should be 15 to 18 pages ( include references page)
2. Please paraphrase all information you add to the research and please add citations. ( make it easy to review every source later).
3. APA style.
Explanation & Answer
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I.
Outline Analyses of Engineering Disasters
Disasters are described as natural catastrophes or sudden accidents which are followed by a loss
of many lives and, or great damage.
II.
The Tacoma Washington Bridge Disaster
II.I Background Information
Three months after the opening of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940, the tie-down
cables which were used to stiffen the bridge snapped suddenly when a windstorm occurred.
II.II Design and Construction
The good news of the opening of the Tacoma Bridge hit the airwaves on the 1st of July
1940. The bridge joining Tacoma to Seattle was officially ready to be used by the public after
undergoing design and construction for a period of two years.
II.III Collapsing of the Bridge
The chairman of the Washington State Toll Bridge Authority, Kenneth Arkin arrived at
the Tacoma Bridge at 7.30 A.M. on 7th November 1940. Despite the wind being moderately
strong, the bridge’s west side stays had broken loose and were flapping in the air.
II.IV Causes of the Disaster
After investigations by the Federal Works Agency, it was found that the bridge collapsed
because of the extreme undulations caused by the wind despite the good design and construction,
no one had noted that the bridge’s incapability to absorb dynamic forces and its flexibility would
result in wild oscillations, the site did not favor a suspension bridge, and because the cables used
were faulty.
II.V Ethical Concerns
Even with the rising of new technology, it is always good to find a balance between
progress and the welfare of the public. If Moisseiff had put the welfare of people first, the
engineer would have come up with a design that resembles the one on other bridges since their
stability had been proven.
III.
The Hyatt Regency Walkway disaster
III.I Background Information
July 1980 saw the Hyatt Regency Hotel open its business doors in Kansas City, Missouri. The
hotel boasted a spectacular multistory atrium design that included three walkways that were
suspended located above the second-floor walk away. The third-story walkway was offset some
few meters from the fourth one.
III.II Events leading to the Collapse
After the incident, it was necessary to establish what made the building collapse and it was
discovered that the connection between the hanger rods which supported the fourth-story and
second-story walkways and the box beams of the fourth story failed causing the walkways to
crumble down.
III.III Ethical Consideration
By applying a seal on the documents before taking time to do the necessary calculations, it is
possible to judge that the engineer did not act ethically. The Committee on Professional Conduct
(CPC) thought that too and was comfortable in demanding that the engineer be denied ASCE
membership.
IV.
The Silver Bridge Disaster
IV.I Background Information
Bridges resemble elevators in many ways. The two are carefully designed to transport people and
other items from one place to the other while ensuring that no harm comes to them between the
places of departure to the destination.
IV.II The Collapsing of the Bridge
The Silver Bridge had managed to serve the purpose it was built for flawlessly for around forty
years until 15th December 1967 when the worst happened. During the height of the 5 P.M.
traffic rush, a loud cracking sound that resembled as a sonic boom or a gunshot was heard. The
bridge began to fold immediately after the sound and within a period of twenty seconds, the
bridge’s main span amounting to one thousand four hundred and sixty feet plunged into the river.
IV.III What Caused the Collapse?
The incident was so tragic that people were left mesmerized wondering what had transpired.
Investigations which involved talking to those that were present during the collapsing of the
bridge were done to establish the truth about the causes. Going by what the eyewitnesses had to
say, several speculations arose.
IV.IV Ethical Consideration
Losing forty-six lives is not something small, especially if the loss could have been avoided.
Very many cars were damaged in the collapsing of the bridge, while the money invested to build
the bridge was lost during the process.
V.
How Engineers should conduct themselves in the Face of Disasters
In the discussed disasters, it is clear that the disasters could not have occurred if it were not the
errors caused by engineers (Choudhury and Hasnat, 2015). Even though there are some incidents
where there were external forces involved, the biggest blame lies on structural errors.
Running head: ANALYSES OF ENGINEERING DISASTERS
Analyses of Engineering Disasters
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ANALYSES OF ENGINEERING DISASTERS
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Analyses of Engineering Disasters
Disasters are described as natural catastrophes or sudden accidents which are followed by
a loss of many lives and, or great damage (Ryan, George, Mitchell, Nelson, and Kue, 2018).
They can also be defined as events with unfortunate consequences. When a disaster occurs, the
functioning of a society is extremely disrupted since the materialistic, human or economic losses
suffered go beyond the society's capability to cope with the existent resources. There have been
several disasters which have occurred up-to-date. Even though most of the disasters have
occurred due to natural causes, some of the disasters have been as a result of human errors. Many
lives are lost, people are left with permanent injuries, and others are left in mourning, while some
are left without homes. The engineers responsible for these errors at times do it unknowingly
while at other times it is just a matter of negligence. Despite the unwillingness to commit these
errors, the many losses could have been avoided if the engineers were careful not to make any
mistakes when going about the construction. The following excerpt is a case study of three
disasters; the Hyatt Regency Walkway disaster, the Tacoma Washington Bridge Disaster, and the
Silver Bridge disaster. The piece examines what led to the disasters, the loss that occurred during
the events as well as what could have been done to avoid the terrible occurrences.
The Tacoma Washington Bridge Disaster
Background Information
Three months after the opening of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge in 1940, the tie-down
cables which were used to stiffen the bridge snapped suddenly when a windstorm occurred
(Arioli and Gazzola, 2015). The cables which had been attached to the ground held the bridge
...