Global warming Rogerian Argument

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Writing

English Composition II

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Description

Overview

Part 2 asks you to formalize your Project 1 assignment by writing a 1,000 – 1,200-word Rogerian Argument. This essay introduces a controversial issue, identifies two stakeholders engaged in the issue who hold different stances on the issue, recognizes common ground between the two different stakeholders, exercises empathy in understanding the stakeholders’ positions, and determines a mutually beneficial compromise based on this common ground that may work towards resolving the issue.

Skills & Strategies

This Part 2 assignment will help you to

  • reread, review, and analyze compiled current research and presented arguments
  • identify and develop organizational strategies that contribute to the effective delivery of information and presentation
  • demonstrate responsiveness to new information, ideas, circumstances, and perspectives through a process of re-evaluating ideas and/or approaches
  • synthesize disparate or conflicting thoughts when evaluating questions/problems to form cohesive and collaborative solutions
  • construct an introduction and solid thesis that is supported by credible and convincing evidence
  • adjust tone and language to present fair representations of each stakeholder’s narrative
  • write a conclusion that defends rationale for presented solutions

Description (and Step by Step)

Part 2 should be a fully-developed 1,000 – 1,200-word Rogerian Argument. This essay draft should include the following steps:

  1. An introduction that clearly identifies both stakeholders, the controversial issue, and thesis that presents the point of contention between the stakeholders and explains a proposed compromise
  2. Fair representation of the major stakeholders’ points and evidence that demonstrate your understanding of the value and circumstance of each position (empathy)
  3. A discussion of what the two stakeholders have in common (common ground)
  4. A single, feasible, and objective resolution that would benefit both stakeholders and potentially work to resolve the issue
  5. A defense of why the resolution is workable for both stakeholders and in which contexts the compromise will work and satisfy each stakeholder
  6. A conclusion that highlights the main points and considers forward-thinking ideas for research/action
  7. A Works Cited page

At least five sources are required for this Intermediate Draft. Your five sources should include one primary source for each of the two stakeholders (such as information from their websites), at least one credible/scholarly source for each of the two stakeholders (such as scholarly articles that support their arguments or stances), and at least one credible, scholarly source that supports the validity of your proposed compromise. Your instructor will outline the preferred format guidelines for your essay.

Helpful Hints

The compromise portion of this Part 2 is often the most difficult. To arrive at a strong compromise or solution, consider the stated goals and concerns of both stakeholders, the current or past solutions they have attempted, and the feasibility of your solution’s implementation.

Strong compromises will be concrete and consider both stakeholder’s main goals and concerns. In other words, a single, empathetic solution will be presented that is realistic for both parties


Project 1 Assignment is attached

Unformatted Attachment Preview

Running head: Project 1 early draft 1 Global Warming Omran Al-Bulushi University of South Florida Project 1 early draft 2 Questions/Steps 1. List at least ten stakeholder groups that have a voice or viewpoint on your topic. • The Union of Concerned Scientists and the National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA) are some of the stakeholder groups that have voiced their positions on the issue. • American scientific societies consisting of 18 scientific associations like the American Association for the Advancement of Science • American Chemical Society, • American Geophysical Union, • American Meteorological Society are categorical that global warming is happening and fueled by greenhouse gases emitted through human activities. • Geological Society of America, • American Physical Society • American Medical Association (NASA, n.d). • Research groups and foundations have also voiced their perspectives on global warming with some asserting that flood hazards will rise and affect at least 21% of the surface area in the world if global temperatures rise by 2 degree Celsius (Doll et al., 2018). • Denial organizations include ExxonMobil and the Koch Industries, • American Enterprise Institute • Americans for Prosperity, American Legislative Council (ALEC), Competitive Enterprise Institute, and • Heartland Institute among others (Collomb, 2014; Demelle, 2017). Project 1 early draft 3 2. Choose four specific stakeholder organizations and write their slogans or mission statements. You can find slogans or mission statements on the organization's website. Be sure to cite your sources. The four stakeholder organizations in relation to the issue of global warming include the Union of Concerned Scientists, National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA), and the Americans for Prosperity, and the American Enterprise Institute. The mission statement for the Union of Concerned Scientists is “Science for a Healthy Planet and Safer World”. The National Aeronautic Space Administration (NASA) mission is to drive scientific advances in technology, aeronautics, and space exploration to improve knowledge, education, innovation, economic vitality and stewardship of the planet Earth. On its part, the American for Prosperity’s mission is recruiting, educating, and mobilizing citizens to support policies and goals that encourage a free society at all levels of governance to ensure that each American lives their “American Dream” through fighting for reduced taxes, reduced government regulation, and economic prosperity (Americans for Prosperity, 2018). The American Enterprise Institute’s mission is to defend human dignity, expand human potential, and build freer and safer world (American Enterprise Institute, 2017). While NASA and the Union for Concerned Scientists believe in climate change, both American Enterprise Institute and Americans for Prosperity doubt the concept of global warming and climate change. 3. Analyze two stakeholder organizations that seem to have conflicting viewpoints on your topic. What are their viewpoints, and how are they different? The Union for Concerned Scientists and The Americans for Prosperity have conflicting viewpoints on global warming. THE Americans for Prosperity is part of a coalition that doubts global warming through its statements and activities (Dunlap & Jacques, 2013). The organization Project 1 early draft 4 offers avenues to propagate conservative views on the causes of global warming. The AFP origin founders are fossil fuel billionaires that do not believe in global warming caused mainly through man-made activities like burning fuels. On its part, the Union for Concerned Scientists believes in human-induced causes of global warming and documents scientific evidence across different sectors. 4. Stay with your two stakeholder organizations from question 3. What do they have in common? Describe the goals or values that the organizations share. While the two organizations research and discuss issues affecting climate change and global warming, the Union for Concerned Scientists focuses on the causes and possible interventions to address the issue. However, the Americans for Prosperity believe that other interventions other than cutting greenhouse gases’ emissions would solve the problem. Conversely, the two stakeholder organizations do not share common values and goals on the issue but share a common ground on the issue of climate change. The Americans for Prosperity seeks to educate people on governance policies and mobilize support from consumers while the Union for Concerned Scientists drives efforts to reduce the effects of greenhouse emissions. 5. Given the shared goals and values that your two organizations share, describe a part of your topic that they could both agree on—that's your common ground. The common ground between the two organizations is that they all believe in climate change and engage different stakeholders in courses to protect the planet. The two can use this common ground to establish a compromise and forge an approach that integrates all stakeholders. Project 1 early draft 5 6. Explain how your two stakeholder organizations could achieve a compromise. What would each stakeholder organization have to contribute to reach this compromise? What would each stakeholder organization have to give up? Therefore, based on this common ground, the two organizations can attain a compromise to drive the overall agenda of climate change and its effects through mobilization of funds and support from other stakeholders. The stakeholders can attain a compromise by offering their best efforts to create awareness and mobilize support. For example, the Union for Concerned Scientist should drop its hard stance on Americans for Prosperity, especially what it calls doublespeak from the organization. On its part, Americans for Prosperity needs to acknowledge that global warming is part of climate change and drop its conservative position. 7. What needs to happen to accomplish your compromise? Prove that your compromise will actually work using research, such as articles that support your logic, that report on a similar situation in which your idea has previously been successful, or that prove the viability of your compromise. The organizations should set up a combined team and approaches to attain the compromise by using unbiased scientific research, and refraining from serving sectarian interests, especially from fossil fuel corporations. Scientific research has demonstrated over time that the war on global warming in the U.S is largely informed by political and economic discourses and positions to protect certain corporations and scientific points of view without concrete and unbiased evidence. Imperatively, through this compromise each player will appreciate their roles and leave to the expectations in attaining a common ground • Working Thesis. Project 1 early draft 6 The issue of global warming and its manifestation continue to draw controversy between proponents and critics. Recent public opinion in the United States demonstrate that many Americans acknowledge climate change and global warming as critical issues in managing the future of the planet, but some believe that it is an expensive hoax (Schuldt, Enns & Cavaliere, 2017). The implication is that global warming remains a controversial issue because of strong opposing positions between proponents and those who do not believe in it. Schuldt et al (2017) show that more Americans doubt “global warming” than “climate change”. The study demonstrates that only 65% of the respondents believe in global warming compared to 85% that responded yes to climate change. Consequently, while scientific consensus from different stakeholders on global warming continues to increase, those in socioeconomic and political spheres continue to amplify their doubts and do not support any efforts aimed at addressing the problem. The scientific stakeholder organizations are drawn from American scientific societies; the 18 scientific associations that include National Aeronautic Space Agency and American Chemical Society among others (NASA, n.d). The Union of Concerned Scientists asserts that increased temperatures, humidity and rising of sea levels indicate that the planet is warming. Further, the union states that the heat-trapping emissions released into the atmosphere continue to alter the global climate leading to global warming. Imperatively, there is need for a compromise position from both sides of the debate; those who believe and those who do not believe to assess the overwhelming evidence and take effective steps to address the issue for long-term sustainability (Hartter et al., 2017). This paper has proposed common ground and compromise among the stakeholders on how to address global warming concerns. Project 1 early draft 7 References American Enterprise Institute (2017) American Enterprise Institute: About Us; Mission Statement. Retrieved from http://www.aei.org/about/ Americans for Prosperity (2018) About Us: Our Mission. Retrieved from https://americansforprosperity.org/about/ Collomb, J. D. (2014) The Ideology of Climate Change Denial in the United States. European Journal of American Studies, Spring 2014. Retrieved from https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/10305 Demelle, B. (2017) Top 10 Climate Deniers; Retrieved from https://www.beforetheflood.com/explore/the-deniers/top-10-climate-deniers/ Doll, P., Trautmann, T., Gerten, D., Schmeid, H. M., Ostberg, S., Saaed, F., & Schleussner, C. F. (2018) Risks for the global freshwater system at 1.5 °C and 2 °C global warming. Environmental Research Letter, vol.13, No.4. Retrieved from http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aab792/meta Dunlap, R. E. Jacques, P. J. (2013) Climate Change Denial Books and Conservative Think Tanks. The American Behavioral Scientist, vol.57, No.6, pp.699-731. Hartter, J., Hamilton, L. C., Boag, A. E., Stevens, F. R., Ducey, M. J., Christoffersen, N. D., Oester, P. T., & Palace, M. W. (2017) Does it matter if people think climate change is human caused? Climate Services, vol.10, pp.53-62. Schuldt, J. P., Enns, P K. & Cavaliere, V. (2017) Does the label really matter? Evidence that the US public continues to doubt “global warming” more than “climate change” Climate Change, vol.143, No.1-2, pp. 271-280. NASA (n.d) Scientific consensus: Earth's climate is warming. Retrieved from https://climate.nasa.gov/scientific-consensus/ NASA (2018) Our Missions and Values. Retrieved from https://www.nasa.gov/careers/our-mission-and-values Union of Concerned Scientists (2013) Global Warming Skeptic Organizations (2013). Retrieved from https://www.ucsusa.org/global-warming/solutions/fight-misinformation/globalwarming-skeptic.html#.W4fV_8J9i00 Union for Concerned Scientists (2018) Scientists Agree: Global Warming is Happening and Humans are the Primary Cause. Retrieved from https://www.ucsusa.org/globalwarming/science-and-impacts/science/scientists-agree-global-warming-happeninghumans-primary-cause#.W4e8dMJ9i00
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Surname 1
Name
Professor
Course
Date
Global Warming
Global warming has been attributed to the earth's changing atmospheric conditions. There
are opposing views on global warming with some factions terming it a hoax while the other
parties advocate for better and more environmentally-safe ways of going about various activities
to mitigate the effects of global warming. These two groups, the Union for Concerned Scientists
and the Americans for Prosperity that hold differing views on the topic. The Union of Concerned
Scientists advocates for the sensitization of the masses on the effects of global warming, the
science, and the ways to control global warming. The Americans for Prosperity are a
conservative party and are of the view that reduced carbon emissions would reduce the economic
prosperity. The Americans for Prosperity has openly opposed moves to mitigate global warming
such as the President Obama global warming regulations. However, both parties are concerned
with the overall well-being of the American society and both can work together to mobilize
stakeholders, policies, and drive the reduction of greenhouse emissions agenda.
The Union of Concerned Scientists has dedicated part of its agenda to educating and
researching on global warming. The earth has been getting warmer every year for the past 40
years (Union of Concerned Scientists). This is attributed to the release of greenhouse gases that
are generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. These are generated when
powering vehicles, generating electricity, and heating homes among other activities. This has
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