Global Music and JazzJazz Music is an original American art form that incorporates music from many different cultures. It has become an international music, which can be heard in most countries around the world, performed by musicians from those countries as well as American musicians. This assignment is a research and writing assignment that asks you to write about a contemporary International Jazz musician/group (a musician or group that comes from a country other than the USA) or an International jazz “scene” such as a famous International jazz festival like the Umbria Jazz Festival in Italy, or the jazz scene found in an international metropolitan area such as Paris, London, Cape Town or Tokyo – writing about how Jazz has become part of the “scene” in those places – important venues: jazz clubs, concert houses, jazz societies, and important musicians from the “scene”. This paper is to be about the current Jazz scene or artist/group, you need to document Jazz music that is going on NOW, within the last 5 years. Your paper can discuss important background issues to support your ideas, but your subject is an International Jazz artist of scene that is currently active.There are many interesting topics that fall under this umbrella. Many international jazz musicians combine music from their own country or region with existing jazz musical ideas to create a new jazz sound. Other international jazz musicians are dedicated to playing very traditional styles of jazz. Many came to the US to study jazz music and apprentice with American jazz masters.If you choose to write about an artist/group, you will need to find artists/groups that are living and practicing the music in an International location. Some will still perform I the US, (and around the world) while basing their careers outside the US, often in their home countries or regions. It is important that the topic you choose has enough information about the international aspects of the musician/group or jazz scene to support a research paper. The assignment is about a “contemporary” artist or scene – meaning that the artists or scene is currently active, with the paper including recent activity – recordings, concerts, etc.. Historical background is important, but the focus of the paper is about an artist/jazz scene going on right now. For instance, if you write about the jazz scene in Paris, you need to mention the history of Jazz in Paris (this is very important to this topic) and then write about the scene today, where the musicians are playing Jazz in Paris, who they are and how Jazz is integrated into modern Parisian society.The USF Library has created a Course Guide for this class with useful information on how to conduct online searches and what materials are available in the USF Library that could be useful to this assignment. link may help you : http://guides.lib.usf.edu/SurveyJazz (Links to an external site.) (Links to an external site.)Requirements:Write a 1000-1500 word paper (this is the body of the paper, not including the discography and references, etc..) NOTE: word count is the least important part of the grading of this paper. Any paper that covers all of the requirements will be at least 1000 words, this is just a suggestion so that you don't feel like you have to write a LONG paper. The content, quality of writing, inclusion of required information and following the writing style guidelines are the most important part of this paper. The paper should be well written, following general rules and formatting for a Research Paper in MLA or APA format. Research your topic well. It is important that you find lots of good information to base your paper on. Find and listen to musical examples of the artist(s)/group(s) you are writing about. If you are writing about a jazz “scene”, find and listen to some of the important artists from that scene. Find reviews of their music, and include your own description of what you hear in the music. If you are writing about an artist/group, Include a general description of the artist/group, what they are known for and other relevant projects/recordings they have produced. Include a selected discography as part of your reference citations. A discography is a list of important recordings by the artist or group. (You can find examples of discographies online.) You need to include the artist/group name, title of the recording, record label (company), year it was released, and important personnel on the recording.Include information about the recordings you write about:Date releasedRecord labelMusicians on the recordingHow readers can find this music (purchase, listen, etc)You will be graded on:The inclusion of all of the issues listed above in your paper.Evidence of research into the artist/group or jazz scene and the music associated with your topic. References to your other research should be included.How well written and readable the paper is.This is an IMPORTANT part of the Draft-Final paper process, to create a Final Paper that is well written and interesting to the reader.Basic format:Opening Paragraph (Thesis) – describes the content of the paper and the points to be made.Inside Paragraphs – discuss each topic presented in the Opening Paragraph (Thesis)ConclusionResearch References – citations need to be in MLA or APA format Discography - A discography is similar to a bibliography, the only difference being that it comprises a list of audio or sound recordings that you have cited in your paper. Sound recordings come in a variety of formats such as LP, cassette, CD, MP3, and even audio recordings streamed from the Web. If you refer to sound recordings in your paper, you will need to create a separate section on a new page entitled "Discography." A “Selected Discography” includes important recordings by the artist or group you are writing about. A Song or Album - Music can be cited multiple ways. Mainly, this depends on the container that you accessed the music from. Generally, citations begin with the artist name. They might also be listed by composers or performers. Otherwise, list composer and performer information after the album title. Put individual song titles in quotation marks. Album names are italicized. Provide the name of the recording manufacturer followed by the publication date.If information such as record label or name of album is unavailable from your source, do not list that information. Spotify - Rae Morris. “Skin.” Cold, Atlantic Records, 2014. Spotify, open.spotify.com/track/0OPES3Tw5r86O6fudK8gxi. Online Album -Beyoncé. “Pray You Catch Me.” Lemonade, Parkwood Entertainment, 2016, www.beyonce.com/album/lemonade-visual-album/ (Links to an external site.). CD - Nirvana. "Smells Like Teen Spirit." Nevermind, Geffen, 1991.Use of copied materials:This assignment uses the Turnitin tool, which assesses the materials in the paper and issues a Similarity Report of any materials that are copied from existing sources. You need to be sure that any copied materials are properly cited, in quotations, etc.. You have 3 submissions for the Draft and Final paper to assure that you have viewed the Similarity Report and rewritten your paper to make sure there are no copied materials that are not properly cited in your final submissions. The university takes plagiarism very seriously (see syllabus), so be SURE your paper does not include copied materials that are not cited or quoted in your writing. Note: Including LARGE amounts of quoted materials in the body of your paper (to build up word count) will not be viewed favorably in the grading of the paper. This writing assignment is designed for you to write about music, using your own words and descriptions. You need to include cited information about the artist/group and recordings, but the body of the paper that includes your descriptions of the music and concepts should be your own words, organized for this paper, not copied descriptions from research sources. That being said, important quotes from the artist/group or reviews that help make your points are encouraged. How and where you place these quotes in your paper can be very effective in the creation of an interesting and well written paper.

Topic: Purchasing and Inventory Management Describe the role of either supply chain, purchasing, or material management within healthcare. Next, assess the overall impact this area of management has on inventory, optimization, and cost minimization? REPLY ONE Describe the role of either supply chain, purchasing, or material management within healthcare. Supply chain management (SCM) is an important part of any business operation including health care. The supply chain is about the supply and demand of goods and services in an organization and its process involves how goods move from the manufacturer, their procurement, storage, transportation and to them being stored as inventory (Langabeer & Helton, 2021). They supply chain management works together with suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers, and customers. SCM is more concerned in reducing costs through the chain, by reducing inventory holding costs and to improve customer satisfaction. According to (Arora & Gigras 2018), the efficiency of the supply chain management is improved processes, good use of resources, and effective treatment. The mission of supply chains is “providing the right goods, at the right time, to the right location, at the right price, in the right condition” (Langabeer & Helton 2021, p. 208). The role of SCM are the following; To provide an end-to-end integration of business process and system. If well executed, SCM will ensure the availability of medical supplies at the right time, minimize inventory waste, improve patient quality of care, minimize human error, streamline workflow (Arora & Gigras 2018). SCM ensures that there is sufficient inventory so it can be readily available in times of need and for economic viability. There are limitations in failures and monetary loss due to shortages of resources or supplies, faulty equipment that can not be replaced, and expired medication due to poor inventory management in the supply chain. Assess the overall impact this area of management has on inventory, optimization, and cost minimization? “The product flow of the medical resources includes the supply of pharmaceutical, medical, surgical consumables, medical devices, hygiene consumables, food supplies, equipment and other supplementary products required to support doctors, nurses, and patients of hospitals” (Lucchese, Marino, & Ranieri 2020). The SCM has several components as mentioned before, but there are only two main components that make healthcare more function in the supply chain process, the manufacturers, and the distributors. An effective use of these two components will help an organization in inventory management and will minimize costs. Inventory and optimization – the supply chain starts with the manufacturers who produce a hospital’s goods or what will end as its inventory. A hospital purchases goods from manufacturers and distributors and keep them as inventory especially when they are not ready to be used or resold due to the uncertainty of demands. This inventory represents the dollar value of materials, and they are the manufacturer’s assets until they leave their possession to the next stage of the process. By dealing with distributors instead of directly with manufacturers, a hospital saves time and resources because it will not have to deal with multiple vendors in negotiations which require contracts, legal and administrative resources, making things easier for a hospital in the purchasing and inventory management. Langabeer & Helton, (2021) state that distributors hold inventory for their customers to speed up the total order fulfillment cycle time. Cost minimization - SCM reduces costs through distributing companies by using the concepts of economies of scale and their purchasing power. Since distributors purchase in bulk than what an average single hospital could, it saves hospitals money by purchasing through distributors since they can sell them goods at 20 percent less than what the manufacturer would (Langabeer & Helton, 2021). The increase in the demand for medical services has led to the increase in medical supplies, therefore, organizations focus on maintaining the balance between acquiring sufficient supplies and keeping costs down at the same time (Lucchese, Marino, & Ranieri 2020). When distributors keep inventory for healthcare providers to simplify the purchasing process, there is a charge incurred. Therefore, medical units adopt a strategy where they have their own warehouses, purchasing offices, internal distribution system so that they share transactions with different suppliers and a large quantity of medical supplies is purchased. “Go to the ant, you lazy bones, consider its ways and be wise. Without having any chief or officer or ruler, it prepares its food in summer, and gathers its sustenance in harvest” Proverbs 6:6-8. Just like ants, health care managers have to manage their supplies or inventory wisely, so they are never short even in tough times, but keeping in mind not to hoard supplies Reply two In general, the supply chain refers to the resources required to provide goods or services to a consumer. Managing the supply chain in healthcare is generally a difficult and fragmented operation. Obtaining resources, managing supplies, and delivering goods and services to doctors and patients are all part of healthcare supply chain management. Physical items and information regarding medical products and services often pass through a variety of independent parties, including manufacturers, insurance companies, hospitals, providers, group buying groups, and various regulatory bodies, to complete the process. Hospitals and medical practices, on the other hand, may offer significant cost-cutting possibilities by improving efficiency in the healthcare supply chain. Consider what medical professionals use on a daily basis to treat patients. Syringes, prescription drugs, gloves, pens, papers, and computers are among the tools used by healthcare providers. Employees in healthcare supply chain management are in charge of stocking organizations with the items that providers require as well as inventory management (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020). Managing the supply chain, on the other hand, is more complicated than just ensuring that providers have adequate gloves (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020). (Ecclesiastes 5:11) “When goods increase, they increase who eats them, and what advantage has their owner but to see them with his eyes?” (ESV 2001)Simply put, supply chain management is the management of upstream and downstream interactions between suppliers and consumers in order to provide greater customer value at lower supply chain costs. Impact on Inventory, Optimization, & Cost minimization Because each stakeholder has their own interests to safeguard, healthcare supply chain management is unique. Different stages of the supply chain flow may have their own objectives. Providers may prefer to utilize a certain product because they have been taught to use it, but hospital management wants to buy the most cost-effective, high-quality goods possible (Khorasani, Cross,& Maghazei 2020). The healthcare supply chain management process can be inefficient and fragmented since supply chain goals are not always matched within an organization. To determine particular product budgets, healthcare institutions must consider a variety of demands and perspectives. Patients have a say in how the healthcare supply chain is managed (Khorasani, Cross,& Maghazei 2020). Healthcare institutions may be able to order and store the proper sizes of gloves on a regular basis, but depending on their health state, certain patients may require more specialized medical items, such as latex-free alternatives (Khorasani, Cross,& Maghazei 2020). Similarly, providers may have a preference for a certain brand or kind of medical device, which might result in cost issues. Providers, for example, may prioritize their personal preferences for specific goods, while finance managers want to decrease healthcare expenses and eliminate obsolete products (Khorasani, Cross,& Maghazei 2020). Hoarding or squirreling away of specific products by providers is a common occurrence in hospitals. Clinicians, for the most part, only want the items when they need them, but to make sure that occurs, they frequently stockpile or control their own supply(Khorasani, Cross,& Maghazei 2020). This might lead to hidden costs such as cost variation and off-contract spending. Time spent hunting for supplies or waiting for someone to provide what they need is another hidden cost that is sometimes ignored. Many healthcare companies' supply chains can be disrupted by misaligned incentives and competing agendas. Conclusion Through cost transparency, several healthcare companies have had success with supply chain management. Healthcare companies can better track and manage inventories and create more informed purchasing contracts with manufacturers by leveraging pricing and utilization data. We dramatically minimize waste and variance in the supply chain when we have visibility of product from completed items to usage on the patient and we really capture demand and consumption rather than just purchasing activities. Everyone's inventory levels decrease. Expiration of products may be practically eliminated (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020). Different automated technologies, such as computerized provider order input systems, which may standardize and speed physician orders, or Radio Frequency Identification technology, which can collect quantities of data from a product's barcode, can assist companies enhance pricing transparency (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020). An important approach for enhancing healthcare supply chain management is to have all hospital departments on the same page (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020). Healthcare companies are focusing on decreasing redundancy and eliminating waste in the age of value-based care, but providers must also collaborate to successfully cut costs and improve performance (Getele, Li, & Arrive 2020).