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Philosophy

Book Name: Archetypes of Wisdom: An Introduction to Philosophy. 8th ed. 2013. by Soccio, Douglas J

Kindly read chapters 7 & 8, then answer the below questions:


CHAPTER 7 : THE STOICS: EPICTETS AND MARCUS AURELIUS

Chapter 7 questions:

1. How are the Logos and fate related in Stoicism?

2. Identify and discuss possible problems with the

Stoic notion of fate.

3. Stoicism was quickly absorbed into Christianity. Identify and comment on any similarities you are aware of.

4. What is the disinterested rational will, and why is it important to Stoic doctrine?

5. What do the Stoics think falls under our control? What do the Stoics think does not fall under our control? Do you agree? Why or why not?

6. Discuss the difference between avoidable and unavoidable suffering. How can we tell which is which? Why does it matter?

7. Explain the Stoic attitude toward relationships. How does it di er from today’s attitudes? What do you see as important strengths and weaknesses of each perspective?

8. What does Seneca mean when he says “I account you unfortunate because you have never been unfortunate”? How do the Stoics interpret suffering? What do you think of this view?

9. What do you think of James Stockdale’s claim that a good philosophical education is highly practical? Give his position and then comment on it.


CHAPTER 8: THE SCHOLAR: THOMAS AQUINAS

Chapter 8 questions:

1. Compare and contrast the classical worldview with the medieval.

2. What basic conditions led to the development of Christian philosophy? Where did the need for interpretation come from?

3. Was/is belief in God merely a fascination, or even a “shot in the dark?” Explain.


I have attached chapters 7 & 8 for your reference.


These questions must be answered correctly within 24 hours from now.

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Explanation & Answer

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Philosophy Question Answers
1. How are the Logos and fate related in Stoicism?
According to stoics, life is a bondage and everyone is chained to fate. Logos control the world
and to be at peace, one has to let logos and fate have their way. In stoicism, one has to learn to
live at serenity by controlling the mind regardless of fate and logos which cannot be controlled.
According to Stoics, Logos control the world and the responsibility of man is to act out the part
allocated to him by fate perfectly, without complaining.
2. Identify and discuss possible problems with the Stoic notion of fate.
According to Stoics, things happen because they have to, and we have no control over them.
However, it does not address the fact that humans’ behaviors and actions can influence fate.
Choosing in what one believes in can itself influence fate. It fails to address the fact that once
one can control the mind, he can decide not to be chained to any particular thing such as wealth,
office, family lineage etc.

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3. Stoicism was quickly absorbed into Christianity. Identify and comment on any
similarities you are aware of.
i) Both Stoicism and Christianity believe the world is governed by divine forces.
ii) In both Christianity and Stoicism, everything happens according to God’s plan which is
perfect. Both believe that there is no bad or good thing, everything happens for a reason.
iii) Both encourage courageousness and mind control.
iv) Both Christianity and Stoicism believe God is with...


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