Running head: RACSIM IN SOCCER
Racism in Soccer
Rakan Almutairi
University of South Florida
October 23, 2018
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“In the past two decades or so, the growth of racist acts and discriminatory abuses toward
players and fans has become a disturbing issue. Soccer is globally known as ‘the beautiful game’
but unfortunately, it still contains some moral issues among players and audiences. Not only that,
it additionally damages the experience for both the soccer clubs and fans. Therefore, there is only
one authorized organization that can make a difference in order to change negative perceptions
into a better environment. The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) mentions
on its official website, “FIFA is an association governed by Swiss law founded in 1904 and based
in Zurich. It has 211 member associations and its goal, enshrined in its Statutes, is the constant
improvement of football.” The organization has the authority over soccer competitions such as the
World Cup and local leagues and by far one the most challenging that FIFA experiences recently
is discrimination. Focusing on racism, FIFA intelligently has been using technology and social
media to spread awareness towards the majority of people about the danger that racial abuses could
impact to others. According to FIFA (2014), “Now with a new Digital era, the fight to eradicate
racism and discrimination is still ongoing. That’s why FIFA has launched an interactive social
media campaign in order to raise awareness on this important issue.” By using pictures and videos
on anti-racism campaigns, FIFA has found a clever way to send moral messages to many people
and many nations; using rhetorical appeals strategies such as ethos, pathos, logos, and kairos to
influence as many people to fight against racism.”
“According to Joffe (2008) (p. 84), “Visuals are used not only to illustrate news and feature genres
but also in advertising and campaigns that attempt to persuade their target audiences to change
attitudes and behaviors (p. 84).” There are many ways to persuade a particular audience in order
to do something; FIFA launches many images and videos that are shared by many soccer fans to
influence the majority to stand against any immoral acts that could negatively impact society.”
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st
“In addition, it is noticeable that in the 1 image, many audiences can perceive that some of
the famous players are taking selfies with the hashtag ‘say no to racism’ and the purpose or the
logo of this picture is for the campaign to be spread into social media where it can be more effective.
FIFA has cleverly used ‘selfies’ as a method to persuade many fans that use modern technology
to send ethical messages to social media. Moreover, FIFA has specifically picked the players that
shown the first image for many deep reasons; first, using racial differences such as skin colors and
regional differences to strongly point out that racism is not welcomed in the sport. Another
important reason is used, the player on the top right and the bottom are from the same country,
which is Brazil but a different race. Also, the same with the English players where they share the
same nationality but different race.”
“‘Say no to racism’ is a campaign that FIFA organization launched in April 2006 and has
displayed that banner on TV since then which makes the campaign even more credible to the
majority of people; this could illustrate the timeline of this image, for more than ten years this
banner has been used in many sports events by FIFA. FIFA as well has pursued many famous
players including the different varieties of races in order to influence the majority of soccer
audience. Using famous people or celebrities is an effective method to influence many audiences
regardless their gender or their age. The engagement of celebrities in a campaign can also
increase its credibility. Moreover, pathos is used in the first image in order to decrease the rage
between fans. For instance, soccer extremists can easily be vulnerable to racial acts due to their
irrational reactions during games. Therefore, famous players can influence many extremists
emotionally by seeing them standing against racism keeping their intense competitive aside.”
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“In the 2 image, players from both national teams of Brazil and Uruguay are standing
RACSIM IN SOCCER
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together saying no to racism in order to send a beautiful and moral message that discrimination is
not welcomed in soccer. FIFA focuses more on the intense games that sometimes gets brutal and
dangerous, to decrease any racial acts that could occur during the match. When FIFA presents
anti-racism campaigns during a game, it is more powerful than posting something on social
media, as that message is presented towards the fans and players directly and it will eventually
reach social media as well.”
“UEFA (The Union of European Football Associations), which is an essential part of the
FIFA, illustrated on its official website that the aim of ‘say no to racism’ is to raise public
awareness of intolerance and racism in soccer and also creating thoughts and systems on the
most proficient method to fight them. Furthermore, this image was taken during the 2014 World
Cup; FIFA has taken the advantage on this photo to make it more credible by using famous
national players that stands against any racial acts in soccer. Pathos in this second image is
illustrating the moment of awareness between the fans and the players just before starting the
game and to remind the majority that racial acts can harm and destroy our happiness at any time.
What these moments emotionally could do to the fans is to hold their excitement and represent a
crucial social issue that generations have suffered for a long time.”
“Ultimately, one of the effective ways to minimize Racism in soccer is to spread anti- racism
banners and campaigns using rhetorical appeals and fallacies; to persuade fans and players to
stand together in order to provide a better sports environment for many generations. Majority
belief is a technique that has been used by FIFA that basically is when the majority of audience
believes something it has to be true. This technique made anti-racism campaign even more
effective because what the majority thinks of racism. FIFA has launched the power to illustrate
how dangerous racism is and how it has the ability to harm sport in many ways. FIFA has used
RACSIM IN SOCCER
the power that visual imagery can do in order to send messages to the globe.”
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1st image
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2nd image
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References
FIFA. (2011, March 02). FIFA against racism: a decade of milestones. Retrieved February 23,
2018, from http://www.fifa.com/fifaeworldcup/news/y=2011/m=3/news=fifa-againstracism- decade-milestones-1384919.html
FIFA. (2014, May 26). FIFA Weekly asks: What's the best way to combat racism? Retrieved
February 23, 2018, from http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2014/m=5/news=fifaweekly- asks-what-s-the-best-way-to-combat-racism-2344259.html
FIFA. (2014, June 11). #SayNoToRacism with a selfie! Retrieved February 23, 2018, from
http://www.fifa.com/about-fifa/news/y=2014/m=6/news=saynotoracism-with-a-selfie2367794.html
Joffe, H. (2008). The Power of Visual Material: Persuasion, Emotion and Identification.
Diogenes,55(1), 84-93. doi:10.1177/0392192107087919
U. (2015). Respect- No to racism - Social responsibility - Inside UEFA – UEFA.com. Retrieved
February 23, 2018, from http://www.uefa.com/insideuefa/socialresponsibility/respect/no-to-racism/video/index.html
11/3/2018
Part 1: A Preliminary Response to Composing a Multimodal Argument as Your Early Draft
Part 1: A Preliminary Response to Composing a Mul modal
Argument as Your Early Dra
Overview
While you have engaged with this issue for the last two projects and conducted research that
increases your knowledge about this issue, this project asks that you keep a particular audience in
mind as you revisit your research findings, explore new research, and think about how to successfully
approach the planning and writing of your multimodal argument. Not only do you need to convince this
audience that your argument has merit, but you want them to demonstrate that they are sufficiently
invested so as to agree with your call to action. The challenging component is that this audience is not
interested in your issue. They are a nonengaged stakeholder, defined as a person (or group of
people) who is uninvolved, unconcerned, or not invested in an issue or in taking action on that issue.
But you, as someone who is invested in the topic, are willing to invest your time and effort in
convincing this audience that your argument and call to action have merit. This Part 1 assignment is
meant to help guide your efforts and make good use of your time.
Skills & Strategies
This Part 1 assignment will help you to
build on previous skills and strategies learned in Projects 1 & 2
identify a nonengaged stakeholder who is uninvolved, unconcerned, uninterested, or not invested
in the issue you have been researching or in taking action on that issue
apply effective strategies that advance your information literacy, critical thinking, reading, planning,
drafting, and organizational skills
make connections, gain perspective, and acquire new knowledge
Descrip on
Begin by selecting a nonengaged stakeholder who is uninvolved, unconcerned, uninterested, or not
invested in the issue you have been researching or in taking action on that issue. In constructing your
multimodal argument with this nonengaged stakeholder as your audience, start thinking about how
you will educate, engage, and empower this nonengaged stakeholder to agree with your call to action.
You will draw on the credible sources of the research you conducted in the past two projects. Respond
to the following guiding questions with this research handy and in mind. Note: these questions map
onto your course rubric to guide your essay development.
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Part 1: A Preliminary Response to Composing a Multimodal Argument as Your Early Draft
Please copy and paste the questions below or download them into a Word document and answer each
question fully. To answer each question fully, you will need to provide at least three complete
sentences per question and have answered the entirety of the question(s). Upload your list of answers
as a worksheet to MyReviewers by the due date.
Ques ons
1. Why is the issue that you have been researching important and timely? What kind of problem does
this issue create? Name the issue, and drawing from your previous research, provide some context
as to its background, and briefly note what you already know about this issue.
2. What persons or organizations would be (or are currently) interested in this issue? Why? Who
would not be interested in this issue. Why not?
3. What do you know about the nonengaged stakeholder(s)? If you have a tangible person or group
of people in mind, provide information and describe their nonengagement as best as you can. If
you have a more generic sense of a nonengaged stakeholder, how would you define what
characterizes this person or group of people who will be the audience that you persuade?
4. What kinds of questions do you anticipate your audience asking?
5. Your multimodal argument has a combination of intended purposes: to educate, engage, and
empower. What kind of information do you need to provide to educate the nonengaged
stakeholder? Give at least 3 examples. Why do you need this information?
6. Appealing to an audience’s sense of reason and logic with facts, examples, statistics, models is an
effective way to educate your audience, but what do you think is the most convincing evidence you
could provide that might persuade the nonengaged stakeholder that your argument has merit?
Name at least 3 points.
7. What do you see as possible points of resistance in convincing your audience of the value in
engaging in your issue? How will you overcome and refute this resistance without offending your
audience?
8. What frame of mind do you want to put your audience in to appeal to their sense of emotion? How
might you create an emotional response to your plea to have your audience take on your cause?
9. Why should your audience believe in you? What ethos do you bring to the argument? How might
you build on the credibility, reputation, or trustworthiness of others who make similar arguments?
Think about how your audience could identify with your appeals to ethos. Draw from your research
for some examples.
10. What kind of action do you think would advance your cause or present a reasonable solution to the
problem your issue creates? What are the steps to taking this action? How will you incentivize your
audience to agree with this action? What obstacles still stand in your way, and what can you do to
remove them?
11. What tone do you think would be most effective in convincing your nonengaged stakeholder to
come around to your way of thinking? Why do you think this tone will be effective, and how will you
create this tone?
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Part 1: A Preliminary Response to Composing a Multimodal Argument as Your Early Draft
12. Your project 3 assignment requires 3 new sources you have not previously used, based on your
preliminary responses to these questions, in what direction should your expanded research take
you? Specifically, in what areas do you need more evidence to deliver an effective multimodal
argument?
Helpful Hint
These questions should be used to successfully compose your Project 3 Intermediate and Final Drafts
of your Multimodal Argument. Please consider helping your future self by thoroughly responding to
these questions to generate substantial content to take into the future construction of the Project 3
components.
Assessment
Your Project 3 Early Draft will be graded based on the quality and quantity of your responses to the
questions.
This assignment is worth 50 points, 5% of your total grade in ENC 1101.
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