discussion 7

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Module 7 Discussion Board Assignment


Instructions:

Answer the discussion board questions below. Your posts must be well thought out and supported using research, outcome data, concepts of physiology and/or pathophysiology. You will need to use APA citations and provide references in APA format at the end of each of your posts. All posts should be related to course content and science based. This is not a forum for religious or political discussions. Such postings will be removed from the discussion thread and will be assigned a failing grade.

  • Review the etiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations and the psychopathology of any of the neurological disorders in the module core concepts and choose one key point which you believe is significant to your practice as a nurse practitioner and answer the following question.
    • Describe your key point and discuss how the knowledge of your chosen key point impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner? The role of all registered nurses including advanced practice nurses is patient education. As such your answer should discuss a different manner by which this information impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner.
  • Read and analyze your classmates' original posts. Respond to two original posts and answer the following question for each post: How does the information presented impact the care you provide as a nurse practitioner? The role of all registered nurses including advanced practice nurses is patient education. As such your answer should discuss a different manner by which this information impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner.

RUBRIC ATTACHED PLEASE FOLLOW REQUIREMENTS

discussion examples ATTACHED

Please let me know if you have any questions.Thank you



The module core concepts and objectives are designed for you to use to focus your reading and studying. You are responsible for reading about the core concept in the textbook and listening to the lectures. You will only be tested over the core concepts and module objectives. You will not be tested over any information that is in the readings which is not listed as a core concept or in the module objectives. Tests and assignments are designed around the core concepts and module objectives. Tests are developed from the readings and lectures which correspond to the core concepts and module objectives.

Main Topic

Core Concept

Objectives

General concepts

·Sodium imbalances’ effect on the CNS and clinical manifestations

·Brain and Brain Stem Basic Anatomy & Physiology (including circulation)

·Autonomic Nervous System Physiology

·Cerebral Hemodynamics (CBF & ICP)

·Age Related differences in anatomy and physiology

1. Examine the anatomy and physiology of the Central Nervous System. (CO: 1)

·Discuss the anatomy and physiology of the brain and brain stem.

oExplain the function of the twelve cranial nerves

oExplain the function of the cerebrum, cerebellum, parietal lobe, frontal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe, brain stem, reticular activating system, andlimbic system.

oIdentify which area of the brain is impacted by a disorder based on the clinical manifestation.

oDiscuss the function and location of the Wernicke and Broca’s areas of the cerebrum and describe a sign which would manifest as a result of a lesion, injury or defect in each area.

oExplain the difference between supratentorial and infratentorial.

oDiscuss the cerebral artery anatomy and identify which artery provides blood to which part of the brain.

·Assess the differences between the divisions of the autonomic nervous system.

·Evaluate the function and locations of the adrenergic and beta receptors.

·Analyze the relationship between cerebral blood flow and intracranial pressure.

·Describe the structural, functional, cellular, and cerebrovascular age related changes which affect the nervous system.

·Explain the embryonic development of the CNS and the brain development of the infant and child.

Adult Disorders

·Delirium

·Dementia

·Alzheimer’s Disease

·Dysphasia

·Parkinson’s Disease

·Seizure Disorder

·Multiple Sclerosis

·Myasthenia Gravis

·Guillain Barre

·Increased Intracranial Pressure

·Traumatic Brain Injury and its long-term effects

·Post Concussive Syndrome

·Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

·Spinal Cord Injury

·Stroke & Transient Ischemic Attack

·Headaches (Migraine, cluster, tension)

·Bacterial and viral meningitis

2. Examine the pathologic basis of adult and pediatric disorders which affect the nervous system. (CO: 1,2, 3, 4, 5)

·Describe the types of dysphasia, their clinical manifestations, and the location of the dysfunction.

·Differentiate between the risk factors, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of delirium, dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.

·Differentiate between the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of select disorders of the nervous system.

oDescribe the risk factors, etiology, pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of Parkinson’s disease, seizure disorder, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, and Guillain Barre.

oDifferentiate between the types of seizures and their clinical manifestations.

·Analyze the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of trauma of the central nervous system.

oAnalyze the interdependence of normal cerebral hemodynamics and describe how they impact one another and affect ICP.

oDifferentiate between the clinical manifestations and the pathophysiology of the four stages of increased intracranial pressure and its effects on cerebral hemodynamics.

oExplain the clinical manifestations and the pathophysiology of the three types of cerebral edema.

oExplain the pathophysiology of the primary and secondary brain injuries.

oExplain the differences between the four types (closed, open, focal, diffuse) of traumatic brain injuries.

oDescribe the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of focal and diffuse traumatic brain injuries.

oDifferentiate between the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of intracranial bleeds (epidural hematoma & hemorrhage, subdural hematoma, intracranial hematoma, subarachnoid hemorrhage).

oDiscuss the etiology, pathophysiology and long term consequences of post concussive syndrome and chronic traumatic encephalopathy.

o Differentiate between the etiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations of spinal cord injury.

·Analyze the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of acute intracranial disorders.

oDifferentiate between the risk factors, etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of thrombotic and hemorrhagic stroke.

oDetermine the location of the cerebral infarction and the affected artery based on the clinical manifestations of acute stroke.

oDescribe the etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of migraine, cluster and tension headaches.

oExplain the modes of transmission, etiology, clinical manifestations and pathophysiology of bacterial and viral meningitis.

Child Disorders

·Spina Bifida (neural tube defects)

·Cerebral Palsy

·Febrile Seizure

3. Differentiate between the etiology, clinical manifestations, and pathophysiology of neurologic disorders in the child. (CO: 1,2,3,4,5)

Psychiatric Disorders

·Depression

·Bipolar Disorder

·Substance Abuse

4. Differentiate between the etiology, clinical manifestations of select psychiatric disorders. (CO: 1,2,3,4,5)



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Discussion Board Rubric Levels of Achievement Criteria Exemplary Good Poor N/A Content Weight 25.00% 100 % All Criteria Must Be Achieved: Thoroughly describes chosen key topic. Discusses how the key topic impacts the care provided by the NP WITHOUT DISCUSSING PATIENT EDUCATION. Refers to relevant professional literature to support their original post with outcomes data, evidenced based practice, or research. Addresses the original topic and demonstrates high level of critical thinking. 85 % Partially describes the key topic. or Partially discusses how the key topic impacts the care provided by the NP. or The supporting evidence provided is partially discussed. 25 % Does not describe a key topic. Or Lacks critical thinking. Or The discussion of how the key point affects the care provided by the NP focuses on patient education. or No supporting evidence is provided. or The original post is based on opinion only. or Original post was posted after Wednesday at 11:59pm. 0% Lacks effort or does not complete an original post. Or The original post is attached as a word document. Participation 100 % All Criteria Must Be Achieved: Actively contributes new thoughts 75 % Participates by responding to others' comments without 25 % Participation is without meaningful contribution. Student participant 0% Lacks effort or does not respond to any other student's original posts. Weight 25.00% Levels of Achievement Criteria Integration Weight 25.00% Exemplary Good Poor N/A and ideas to the discussion topic in response to two other student's original posts. Discusses how the information in the other students' original post impacts the care provided by the NP WITHOUT DISCUSSING PATIENT EDUCATION. Responses are supported by professional references with outcome data, evidence based practice data or research. Responses demonstrate a high level of critical thinking. Responds to two other student's original post before Saturday at 11:59pm. adding new insights or information. or Moderate interaction with other group members. or One or both responses are not supported with professional references using outcome data, evidenced based practice data or research. or One reply discusses how the information in the other student's original post impacts the care provided by the NP DISCUSSES PATIENT EDUCATION. agrees or disagrees with what others have said. Participant does not interact with the group members. or Only responds to one other student's original post. or Both replies discuss how the information in the other students' original posts impact the care provided by the NP DISCUSSES PATIENT EDUCATION. or One or more responses are attached as a word document. 100 % All Criteria Must Be Achieved: Provides at least two annotated references from professional journals or textbooks. Must include 75 % Provides only one professional reference relevant to the discussion. 25 % Refers to one or more non-professional websites or sources. 0% No references provided. or Unable to determine because all posts are attached. Levels of Achievement Criteria Exemplary Good Poor N/A 90 % If McCance is referenced and the reference is not written as an edited book. Example is in the course overview video. Or There is 1-2 APA 6th edition errors. or There is 1 grammatical errors or typos. or APA citations are not used. or One reference is not from a professional source. or One reference is older than 6 years. or References one of the course lectures/power points. 80 % There is 3 to 4 APA 6th edition errors. or There is 2 to 3 grammatical errors or typos. or Two or three references are not from a professional source. or Two to three reference are older than 6 years. or References two or more of the course lectures/power points. 0% There are more than 4 APA 6th edition errors. or There are 4 or more grammatical errors or typos. or Four or more references are not from a professional source. or Four or more reference are older than 6 years. or References only the course power points/lectures. or Unable to determine because all posts are attached. or Uses 1 or more quotes sentences in any of the 3 posts. at least two professional references total for the assignment. Grammar, Punctuation, Spelling Weight 25.00% 100 % All criteria must be achieved: All references are in APA format without any errors. No grammatical errors or typos are present. APA citations written correctly and used. Submission is well organized and easy to follow. APA formatting is consistent with the 6th edition APA manual. Only professional references are used: Peer reviewed journal articles or textbooks. References are not greater than 6 years old. Complete sentences are paraphrased and not quoted. Does not reference course lectures/power points. 8/5/2017 1 Discussion Board Assignment Clarification John D. Gonzalez DNP, RN, ACNP-BC, ANP-C 2 Discussion Board Assignment The discussion board instructions read as follows: • Answer the discussion board question below. Your post must be well thought out and supported using research, outcome data, concepts of physiology and/or pathophysiology. You will need to use APA citations and provide references in APA format at the end of each of your posts. All posts should be related to course content and science based. This is not a forum for religious or political discussions. Such posts will be removed from the discussion thread and will be assigned a failing grade. • Review the etiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations and the pathophysiology of any disorder in the module core content and choose one key point which you believe is significant to your practice as a nurse practitioner and answer the following question. • Describe your key point and discuss how the knowledge of your chosen key point impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner? The role of all registered nurses including advanced practice nurses is patient education. As such your answer should discuss a different manner by which this information impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner. 3 Discussion Board Assignment • In the discussion board assignments, I ask you to review the specific content (etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations etc) for a particular disease (for module 7 it is one of the neurologic diseases in the core concepts) and discuss how it impacts the care you provide as a nurse practitioner. The key point that I ask you to identify is up to you, there is not a right or wrong answer to what you choose. • They key point is a concept from the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations or risk factors for the disease. For instance, a risk factor for the development of atrial fibrillation is gout. You could use this as a key point and describe the risk factor, describe how likely it is to increase the risk of atrial fibrillation and why or how it increases the risk of atrial fib. Doing this will meet part of the criteria for the discussion board assignments, which is to describe your key point. You key point can be anything from the etiology, patho, clinical manifestations, risk factors etc. It should be something you find interesting and consider important. There is not a right or wrong answer to this part of the assignment. • Once you have identified a key point/concept and after reading and researching the topic you should then discuss in your post (in addition to describing the key point) how this information impacts the care you provide to your patient as an NP, without discussing that you will educate the patient. DO NOT DISCUSS PATIENT EDUCATION. Decide why this key point is significant to the care you provide to the patient and support your answer with research and evidence. Think about why this key point is important for you to know as a nurse practitioner. What will knowing this information 1 8/5/2017 support your answer with research and evidence. Think about why this key point is important for you to know as a nurse practitioner. What will knowing this information do for you or your patient when caring for them. Think about this as being the “so what”. The answer may be found in the early diagnosis, treatment, screening, health promotion and should be supported with outcomes data. • The easiest answer to this type of question is usually one related to educating the patient. The care we provide our patients as nurse practitioners goes well beyond patient education, therefore I want you to discuss how else you will use this information to provide care to this patient. In other words if you describe your key topic and then say I would educate my patient on xyz, then you have not completed the assignment correctly. I do not want anyone to discuss patient education as the reason that this information is important. 4 Discussion Board Assignment • I want you to delve deeper into the information and discuss how this information will shape the care you provide to your patient. This assignment is designed to help you apply the knowledge which you are acquiring in the course. It requires you to interpret the information you have read, draw some conclusions about patient care, and support your answer with facts. • You may find an answer in risk reduction, health promotion, primary-secondarytertiary prevention, early diagnosis, or treatment protocols. First you start by finding something in the information that seems important to you and build your discussion board post from there. 5 Discussion Board Assignment • Let me give you an example. If the assignment called for you to review acute myocardial infarction, then you would read about the etiology, risk factors, clinical manifestations, and pathophysiology for this disorder and choose a topic. If it were me, I would choose the pathophysiology of a STEMI. I would describe how the infarction damages the entire wall of the heart and how the damaged tissue is no longer functional, therefore heart failure occurs. Then I would think to myself why is this significant? It is significant because heart failure is a very common acute and long term complication of STEMIs and many strategies have been developed to decrease mortality and morbidity, improve quality of life, and decrease hospitalizations. • I would then describe in my post about one method that I would use as a nurse practitioner to decrease mortality from a STEMI and heart failure. One example maybe be the use of a beta blocker post MI and in heart failure. This medication decreases mortality and prevents the remodeling associated with heart failure and therefore preserves cardiac function. I would provide data which supports this. The details you provide should be more in depth than what I have presented here, but this should give you a better understanding of the requirements of the assignment. • 6 Discussion Board Assignment • There is no minimal or maximal length for the discussion board post. Just make sure 2 8/5/2017 6 Discussion Board Assignment • There is no minimal or maximal length for the discussion board post. Just make sure you have the appropriate content. To write a good post, I estimate, it will take around two paragraphs to explain your answer. Remember your original post and your responses to two colleagues each require the use of references. • Please let me or your coach know if you have any questions. You are almost done and are doing great. Hang in there. • 3
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