Write a Formal Lab Report

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Need a Lab report. at least 7 pages long. At least two graphs and tables need to be included too. Instructions are attached. Also procedures are attach too with observations and data when I was doing the experiment.

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CHE 353 Report Format Fall 2018 Formal report for the Bromination of Stilbene Lab Report must be written using Microsoft word and chemdraw. Instructions for downloading chemdraw are given on Canvas. Font: Helvetica or Times New Roman, size 12. Spacing: single or double. Margins: 1” all around Chemdraw: ACS 1996 document (File, apply document settings from) – you must draw your own structures. (In professional settings, the ability to use MS Office, Chemdraw (and other drawing programs), and Scifinder (or Beilstein) is considered a standard skill. You’ll not receive training for any of these programs.) Numbers: Which looks better? 112.3g or 112.3 g? All measured quantities should have units. Length: Probably somewhere between five to eight pages. Due Dates November 14, 2018: Rough draft files, MS word and chemdraw (online submission only) November 21, 2019: Report comments returned (or earlier) December 3, 2018: Final draft files due (online submission only) Key Requirements Can the stereochemistry of the products confirm the reaction mechanism of the bromination reaction? Your report should answer this question. Analysis: what do the melting point and NMR spectral data tell you about the product of the reaction? Which product(s) did you make? Introduction: History of the bromination reaction. Exceptional rough drafts may not require a final draft. Formal  Report  Guidelines 1 Sections   to  be   included • • • • • • • Cover  Sheet Abstract Introduction Materials  and  Methods  (Experimental) Results  and  Discussion Conclusion References 2 Cover   Sheet Joseph   Egan Fall  2015 Lab  Section   355-­‐01 Lab  Partner:  Kim   Zorn 3 Abstract • • • • The  abstract  is  an  overview  of  the  entire  experiment.   Includes  the  findings  of  the  experiment DOES  NOT  include  speculation Tip:  do  this  last Abstract1 Resveratrol  was  synthesized   in  a  4-­step  synthesis   using  a   simple  Sonogashira type  reaction  with  93%  yield  using   commercially   available  3,5-­dimethoxy-­1-­ethynyl-­benzene   and  4-­iodoanisole,  followed   by  reduction,  isomerization,   and  deprotection and  with  an  overall  yield  of  63%. 1. Francisco Lara-Ochoa, Leticia C. Sandoval-Minero, Georgina Espinosa-Pérez, A new synthesis of resveratrol, Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 56, Issue 44, 28 October 2015, Pages 5977-5979, ISSN4 0040-4039, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.005. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040403915300460) Introduction • Background  into  the  theory  and  relevance  of  the  project • NOT  a  restatement  of  the  material  provided  from  the  pre-­‐lab “Resveratrol,   a  naturally   occurring   polyphenolic   non-­‐flavonoid   antioxidant,   is   a  phytoalexin compound   that  has   been   isolated   from  grape  skin,   vine   bark,   nuts,   berries,   and   many   other   plants.   This   compound   has  various   health   benefits,   including   chemopreventive effects   against  cancer,   inflammation,   aging,   obesity,   cardiovascular   diseases,   and  neurodegeneration.   Antioxidative,   antibacterial,   and  antifungal   activities   have   also   been   attributed   to  this   molecule. 1,2 A  current   area   of  research   is   related  to  the  synthesis   of  resveratrol   oligomers   which   are  present   in  many   cases   with   higher   antioxidant   properties   and   better  activities   for  different   types   of  diseases   than  the  same   resveratrol.  These   new   results   triggered  a  big  interest   in  the  field,   which   can  be   appreciated   for  the   great  number   of  research   papers   and  reviews   recently   published.” 1. Francisco Lara-Ochoa, Leticia C. Sandoval-Minero, Georgina Espinosa-Pérez, A new synthesis of resveratrol, Tetrahedron Letters, Volume 56, Issue 44, 28 October 2015, Pages 5977-5979, ISSN5 0040-4039, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.005. (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040403915300460) Materials   and   Methods • Contains  information  on: • Apparatus  (figure) • Materials • Concentrations   (Ex:  3  M  NaOH vs   6  M   NaOH) • Provides  a  detailed  description  of  the  experimental  work • Should  include  a  biochemdraw graphic  of  the  reaction 6 1.  Francisco   Lara-­Ochoa,   Leticia   C.  Sandoval-­Miner o,   Georgina   Espinosa-­Pérez,   A  new   synthesis   of  resveratrol,   Tetrahedron   Letters,   Volume   56,   Issue   44,   28   October   2015,   Pages   5977-­5979,   ISSN   0040-­4039,   http://dx.doi.or g/10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.005.   (http://www.scienc edirect.c om/sci ence/arti cle/pii/S0040403915300460) Results  and  Discussion • • • • Contains  all  measurements  and  calculations  (RESULTS) Contains  DISCUSSION  of  what  the  results  are  and  mean Explains  or  attempts  to  explain  variance  and  errors Include  all  equations  and  label  them “The broad objective of these studies was to develop a more complete understanding of the activity of an E. purpurea extract, and its constituents, on the production of cytokines and chemokines by macrophages. To achieve this goal, we utilized the RAW 246.7 murine macrophage-like cell line as a model, rather than primary mouse macrophages. With the use of this cell line, it was possible assay the large number of samples produced as a result of these experiments.” 2.  Todd  DA, Gulledge TV, Britton  ER, Oberhofer M, Leyte-­Lugo   M, et  al. (2015) Ethanolic Echinacea   purpurea Extracts  Contain   a  Mixture  of  Cytokine-­Suppressive   and  Cytokine-­Inducing   Compounds,  7Including   Some   That  Originate   from  Endophytic   Bacteria. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0124276. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0124276 Equations,   Tables,   Figures Figure  1:  MIC   curve  o f  Berberine 𝐶𝐹𝑈/𝑚𝐿 = ()*+,) -./0 1.334 5 .36738 9: Equation  1 Table  IV:  Extract  percent   inhibition     Extract Percent  Inhibition Standard  Deviation 22-­‐4  (20ppm) 74.76 3.00% 53-­‐2  (20ppm) 65.24 2.78% 13-­‐2  (20ppm) 63.14 2.59% 84-­‐8  (20ppm) 58.52 6.22% 14-­‐2  (20ppm) 57.13 5.78% 22-­‐3  (20ppm) 53.67 7.46% 41-­‐2  (20ppm) 50.13 3.10% 84-­‐9  (20ppm) 49.44 6.15% 84-­‐13  (20ppm) 47.32 0.54% 84-­‐06  (20ppm) 41.62 0.86% Figure  1 :  The   berberine  curve  from  M arch  2 0th  assay  shows  the  M IC  is  around  7 5  µg/mL. 8 Generating  figures • DRAW  each  compound  using  Chembio Draw • Label  everything  on  a  graph   • • • • Title Axis Units Error  bars!   9 Conclusion • Summary  of  the  results • What  was  learned  with  this  study • Future  studies  (if  applicable)   “These   studies   demonstrate   the  complexity   of  the  modulatory   effects   of  E.  purpurea extracts  and  their   constituents   on  cytokine   production   by  macrophage-­‐like   cells.  It  is  clear   that  ethanolic extracts  contain   multiple   constituents   [including   alkylamides,   xanthienopyran,   and   others)   that  can  suppress   the  production   of  pro-­‐inflammatory   cytokines.   However,   these   activities   can  be   partially   or  completely   masked   by  stimulatory   compounds,   including   [but   likely   not   limited   to)  bacterial   LPS.” 10Including   Some   2.  Todd  DA, Gulledge TV, Britton  ER, Oberhofer M, Leyte-­Lugo   M, et  al. (2015) Ethanolic Echinacea   purpurea Extracts  Contain   a  Mixture  of  Cytokine-­Suppressive   and  Cytokine-­Inducing   Compounds,   That  Originate   from  Endophytic   Bacteria. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0124276. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0124276 References • The  report  should  have  instances  where  background  information  was   used.  For  this1,  use  in  text  references.   • Use  the  ACS  format • Todd  DA, Gulledge TV, Britton   ER, Oberhofer M, Leyte-­Lugo  M, et  al. (2015) Ethanolic Echinacea   purpurea Extracts   Contain   a  Mixture  of  Cytokine-­Suppressive  and  Cytokine-­Inducing   Compounds,   Including   Some   That  Originate   from   Endophytic   Bacteria. PLoS ONE 10(5): e0124276. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0124276 • Include  the  doi:   ### 11 Tips  for  writing • Use  Microsoft  WORD   • We  cannot   help  you  if   you  are   using   a   software   we’ve   never   heard   of • Write  the  abstract  last • Write  in  small  bursts • Don’t   try  to   do   it   all   at   one   time • READ  YOUR  REFERENCES   • Look   at  how   they   format   what   they   are   saying 12 QUICK GUIDE: ACS CITATION STYLE The ACS Style Guide, 3rd ed., is the standard citation style for chemistry. This Quick Guide includes the most common formats from that publication. Examples of publication types not included in the ACS Style Guide were created based on the most relevant examples available. If writing for publication you should also check the “guide to authors” for the journal to which you are submitting your manuscript. BOOKS Several factors, such as whether a book is in a series, is cited in its entirety or only in part, has different editions, etc. can cause variations in the citation format. These are some common formats. Book with authors (pp 300-304) Beall, H.; Trimbur, J. A Short Guide to Writing about Chemistry, 2nd ed.; Longman: New York, 2001; pp 17-32. Books with editors (citing the entire book; p 302) Editors’ names can appear in either the author (first example) or the editor position (second example). Richey, H. G., Ed. Grignard Reagents: New Developments; John Wiley & Sons: Chicester, U.K., 2000. Grignard Reagents: New Developments; Richey, H. G., Ed.; John Wiley & Sons: Chicester, U.K., 2000. Chapter in an edited book (p 301) McBrien, M. Selecting the Correct pH Value for HPLC. In HPLC Made to Measure: A Practical Handbook for Optimization; Kromidas, S., Ed.; Wiley-VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 2006; pp 89-103. Books in a series (p 306) Books published in a series may be cited either as a book (first example) or as a journal (second example). If the latter is used, then the CASSI abbreviation for the series title should also be used. Seeber, G.; Tiedemann, B. E. F.; Raymond, K. N. In Supramolecular Chirality; Crego-Calama, M., Reinhoudt, D. N., Eds.; Topics in Current Chemistry 265; Springer: Berlin, Germany, 2006; pp 147-183. Seeber, G.; Tiedemann, B. E. F.; Raymond, K. N. Top. Curr. Chem. 2006, 265, 147-183. Organic Syntheses and Inorganic Syntheses (p 305) Cumulative volumes of Organic Syntheses are cited as books (first example); annual volumes of Organic Syntheses and Inorganic Syntheses are often cited as journals (second example). Organic Syntheses; Wiley & Sons: New York, 2004; Collect. Vol. No. X, pp 437-441. Yamamoto, T. Inorg. Synth. 1989, 26, 204-207. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS AND ABSTRACTS Print full paper (pp 307-308) Lindén, M.; Schunk, S.; Schüth, F. In Mesoporous Molecular Sieves 1998, Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium, Baltimore, MD, July 10-12, 1998; Bonneviot, L., Béland, F., Danumah, C., Giasson, S., Kaliaguine, S., Eds.; Elsevier: Amsterdam, 1998; pp 45-52 (Studies in Surface Science and Catalysis, v 117). Print abstracts of papers (p 308) Pere, J. J. Abstracts of Papers, Part 1, 223rd National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Orlando, FL, Apr 7-11, 2002; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2002; CELL 30. Electronic abstracts of papers (p 323) Costello, C. E. Development of “Biomolecule-Friendly” MS Methods. In PITTCON 2006, Orlando, FL, March 12-17, 2006 [CD-ROM]; Pittsburgh Conference on Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy: Pittsburgh, PA, 2007; Session 10, Paper 1. DATA SETS Print (pp 314-315) TRC Spectral Data – Ultraviolet; Texas A&M University: College Station, TX, Apr 30, 1966; No. 969 (4-Methyl1-phenyl-3-tiapentane). Data from web sites (based on pp 314-315, 320-321) National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds: SDB; http://riodb01.ibase.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/cre_index.cgi?lang=eng, No. 2185 (1,2-ethanediol) (accessed March 19, 2007). Commercial databases (p324) Reaxys, version 1.0.5968; Elsevier Properties SA: Frankfurt, Germany, 2010; Reaxys RN 2154 (1,2benzisoxazole). SciFinder Scholar, version 2006; Chemical Abstracts Service: Columbus, OH, 2006; RN 50-78-2 (acetylsalicylic acid). DISSERTATIONS AND THESES Titles of dissertations and theses are optional in print but are required in electronic format. Print (pp 309-310) King, K. J. Development of a Pressurized System for Oxidation Studies of Volatile Fluids. M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, March 1983. King, K. J. M.S. Thesis, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, March 1983. Electronic (p 321) Abrams, N. M. Efficiency Enhancement in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells through Light Manipulation. Ph.D. Dissertation [Online], The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, December 2005. http://etda.libraries.psu.edu/theses/approved/WorldWideIndex/ETD-1061/index.html (accessed Apr 2, 2007). ENCYCLOPEDIAS Print (pp 305-306) Diagnostic Reagents. Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th ed; VCH: Weinheim, Germany, 1985; Vol. A8, pp 455-491. Electronic (p 320) Chelating Agents. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology [Online]; Wiley & Sons, Posted July 18, 2003. http://www.mrw.interscience.wiley.com/emrw/9780471238966/kirk/article/chelhowa.a01/current/ht ml (accessed Mar 19, 2007). JOURNAL ARTICLES AND PREPRINTS Journal titles use CASSI abbreviations. Commonly used CASSI abbreviations are listed in the ACS Style Guide. Additional sources are in the Resource List at the end of this Quick Guide. Notes clarifying some aspect of the citation may be added at the end. Print articles (pp 291-296) Although nice, article titles from print journals are not normally included in the citation. Larabee, D. C.; Reynolds, T. Y.; Hochberg, R. B. Estradiol-16α-carboxylic Acid Esters as Locally Active Estrogens. J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 1802-1814. Larabee, D. C.; Reynolds, T. Y.; Hochberg, R. B. J. Med. Chem. 2001, 44, 1802-1814. Electronic articles (pp 318-319) The format for citing e-articles does include the article title. Vandenabeele, P.; Edwards, H. G. M.; Moens, L. A Decade of Raman Spectroscopy in Art and Archaeology. Chem. Rev. [Online] 2007, 107, 675-686. http://pubs.acs.org/cgibin/article.cgi/chreay/2007/107/i03/html/cr068036i.html (accessed Mar 19, 2007). Early access articles (pp 318-319) Padwa, A.; Bur, S. K. The Domino Way to Heterocycles. Tetrahedron [Online early access]. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.158. Published Online: Apr 3, 2007. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_tockey=%23TOC%235289%239999%239 99999999%2399999%23FLA%23&_cdi=5289&_pubType=J&view=c&_auth=y&_acct=C000014439&_vers ion=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=209810&md5=5c2e57fa33f1d0d201397bdd0dd2a3c4 (accessed Apr 3, 2007) (accepted manuscript, has not undergone final copyediting, typesetting, or proof review). Padwa, A.; Bur, S. K. The Domino Way to Heterocycles. Tetrahedron [Online early access]. DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.03.158. Published Online: Apr 3, 2007. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=PublicationURL&_tockey=%23TOC%235289%239999%239 99999999%2399999%23FLA%23&_cdi=5289&_pubType=J&view=c&_auth=y&_acct=C000014439&_vers ion=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=209810&md5=5c2e57fa33f1d0d201397bdd0dd2a3c4 (accessed Apr 3, 2007); accepted manuscript, has not undergone final copyediting, typesetting, or proof review. Preprint servers (p 319) Ranguelov, B.; Stoyanov, S. Evaporation and Growth of Crystals – Propagation of Step Density Compression Wayves at Vicinal Surfaces. 2007, arXiv: physics/0703265. arXiv.org e-Print archive. http://www.arxiv.org/abs/physics/0703267 (accessed Apr 3, 2007). MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS Relevant section in ACS Style Guide on p 315. International Chemical Safety Cards can also fit in this format, Ethylene Glycol; MSDS No. E5125 [Online]; Mallenckrodt Baker: Phillipsburg, NJ, Feb 25, 1999. http://www.jtbaker.com/msds/e5125.htm (accessed July 23, 2001). Ethylene Glycol; ICSC No. 0270 (U.S. National Version) [Online]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Atlanta, GA, 2001. http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ipcsneng/neng0270.html (accessed July 23, 2001). PATENTS Include a reference to Chemical Abstracts if possible. Print (pp 310-311) Sarubbi, D. J.; Leone-Bay, A.; Paton, D. R. Oral Drug Delivery Compositions Comprising Modified Amino Acids and Bioactive Peptides. U.S. Patent 5,792,451, August 11, 1998; SciFinder Scholar 1998:542693. Electronic patent from government web site (based on pp 310-311, 320-321) Sarubbi, D. J.; Leone-Bay, A.; Paton, D. R. Oral Drug Delivery Compositions Comprising Modified Amino Acids and Bioactive Peptides. U.S. Patent 5,792,451, August 11, 1998. United States Patent and Trademark Office Web site. http://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nphParser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PALL&p=1&u=%2Fnetahtml%2FPTO%2Fsrchnum.htm&r=1&f=G &l=50&s1=5,958,879.PN.&OS=PN/5,958,879&RS=PN/5,958,879 (accessed Mar 23, 2007); SciFinder Scholar 1998:542693. Electronic patent from non-government web site (based on pp 310-311, 320-321) Sarubbi, D. J.; Leone-Bay, A.; Paton, D. R. Oral Drug Delivery Compositions Comprising Modified Amino Acids and Bioactive Peptides. U.S. Patent 5,792,451, August 11, 1998. http://www.pat2pdf.org/patents/pat5792451.pdf (accessed Apr 2, 2007); SciFinder Scholar 1998:542693. SCIFINDER SCHOLAR AND OTHER INDEXES An author may need to cite an abstract from a source rather than the original document. When citing indexes like SciFinder Scholar or PubMed, the citation to the original publication follows the format for that type of publication (journal articles, patents, books, etc.) and is followed by the citation to the abstract. Abstract from a print index (pp 298-299) Ferch, H. Plastics, Paint Rubber 1966, 10, 85-86; Chem. Abstr., 1966, 17198g. Abstract from electronic indexes (based on print format and pp 298-299, 318-319) Beharry, S.; Bragg, P. D. J. Bioenerg. Biomembr. 2001, 33, 35-42; PubMed PMID=1146092. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/ (accessed July 16, 2006). Babu, V. R.; Sarath, P. S.; Karanth, N. G.; Kumar, M. A.; Thakur, M. S. Anal. Chim. Acta 2007, 582 (2), 329-334; SciFinder Scholar AN=2006:1359559 (accessed Apr 2, 2007). WEB SITES Examples on pp 320-321 of the ACS Style Guide. Also see the “DATASETS” section of this Quick Guide. Penn State Department of Chemistry. http://www.chem.psu.edu/ (accessed June 7, 2010). Mallet Chemistry Library, University of Texas Libraries. ThermoDex Home Page: An Index of Selected Thermodynamic and Physical Property Resources. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/thermodex/ (accessed Mar 19, 2007). NOTES Journal abbreviations Chemists use standard abbreviations for journal titles and the names of conference proceedings. These are published in CASSI, the Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index. Personal names Personal names often cause difficulties when preparing bibliographies or reference lists. Many western European names are arranged with the given name first and the family name last, so that in a bibliography the family name would come first, followed by a comma and then the given name (or initial). Not all western European names follow this pattern, and names of authors from other parts of the world certainly do not. The Chicago Manual of Style has an excellent discussion of the rules for personal names (sections 8.5-8.20) and alphabetizing (sections 18.69-18.87). RESOURCE LIST The ACS Style Guide: Effective Communication of Scientific Information, 3rd ed. Coghill, A.M.; Garson, L.R., Eds. American Chemical Society: Washington, DC; Oxford University Press: Oxford, U.K., New York, 2006. (Chapter 14 is available online at http://pubs.acs.org/userimages/ContentEditor/1246030496632/chapter14.pdf). CASSI—Chemical Abstracts Service Source Index: 1907-1999 Cumulative. Chemical Abstracts Service: Columbus, OH, 2000 (and supplements). (A basic online version of CASSI is available at http://cassi.cas.org/search.jsp; another good source for journal abbreviations is http://www.library.ubc.ca/scieng/coden.html). The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed.; University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL, 2003. This publication is available in alternative media on request. Penn State is committed to affirmative action, equal opportunity, and the diversity of its workforce. ACS Style/rev. June 2010/njb2 CHE-353-STILBENE_DIBROMIDE 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 3 unique shifts 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 -0.05 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 f1 (ppm) 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 13 CHE-353-STILBENE_DIBROMIDE 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 CHCl3 (NMR Solvent) 5 Multiplet, 6 4 3 Singlet, 2 2 Doublet, 4 1 10.0 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 1.93 4.00 5.89 0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 -1 5.0 4.5 f1 (ppm) 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 -0.5
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