1 Running head: TECHNOLOGY AND ADDICTION Technology and Addiction Student’s Name Institution Date 2 TECHNOLOGY AND ADDICTION Title: Technology and Addiction Why I chose the topic With the current advancement in technology and the increase in social media use, technology addition, which is a new concept has been in the rise. I chose this topic because it has affected my family and therefore I would like to know how the addiction begins and how it can be prevented or managed. I suspect that my younger sister is suffering from technology addiction since she has been acting suspiciously. She is always on the phone, she is on all social media applications and she does not leave her phone behind, even when eating. She neither plays with her friends not spend time with them and her performance in school has also declined. When the phone is taken away, she gets angry, withdraws and locks herself in her bedroom. At only thirteen years old, this is getting out of hand. An overview of some of the aspects or specifics you are hoping to learn about when performing your research. From the research, I am hoping to learn a lot about technology addiction. The first thing I hope to learn is the signs and symptoms of the addiction. I also hope to learn what drives someone to be addicted to technology and whether there is a specific age at which the addiction is common. I hope to learn how to prevent this addiction and also how to manage it in case my younger sister is already addicted. Any background knowledge you already have about the topic, no matter how limited. All I know about technology addiction is that it is the uncontrollable urge to use technological devices such as computers, smartphones, iPad, tablets and gaming devices. 3 TECHNOLOGY AND ADDICTION 1-2 questions you have about this assignment so far. What is the statistical evidence of technology addiction in the united states of America? How long does it take for one to recover from technology addiction? Quoting Sources Using MLA Basic In-Text Citation Rules When incorporating research into your essays, it’s important to follow the 5-Step process. Step #1: Introduce the author, title, and type of source. The first time you do this, you should use the author’s full name and provide a bit of credibility (an important fact or two about the author). After that, you may simply use the author’s last name. If you are only including one source by this author, you do not need to keep referring to the source title unless you introduce other outside sources into the same paragraph. When in doubt, the more information you include, the less your reader will be confused. Step #2: Contextualize your quote or paraphrase. Let the reader know what the author was discussing in the piece overall or leading up to the quote/paraphrase you are going to use. That way, your reader is not confused. You should always do this. Step #3: Include the actual quote or paraphrase using MLA formatting. Include a parenthetical citation at the end of the sentence with the page number where you got the quote/paraphrase. Step #4: Explain the quote. By explaining the quote in your own words (paraphrasing), this demonstrates to your reader that you understand the point the author was making. Step #5: Analyze the quote. Analyzing the quote helps the reader figure out why it is significant in relation to what you are talking about in your essay. (Don’t make the reader guess as to why you’re including it). This should include you explicitly connecting the author’s idea to your topic sentence (assertion) or to a point you were making within the body paragraph. Complete Student Example Using the 5-Step Process: (Steps 1 & 2→) Damien Cave, writer and Phillips Foundation Fellow, wrote an article called “On Sale at Old Navy: Cool Clothes for Identical Zombies,” where he discusses the detrimental effects consumerism has on the general public. (Step 3→) He argues, “When people spend so much time buying, thinking and talking about products, they don’t have time for anything else, for real conversations about politics or culture or for real interaction with people” (Cave 29). (Step 4→) What Cave is trying to assert is that American citizens’ obsession with consumerism can negatively affect their relationships with important issues in society, and especially other people. (Step 5→) This Dr. Pepper advertisement is a perfect example of this quote because the Dr. Pepper beverage is portrayed to be more entertaining and satisfying when compared to the conversation with the man. By having the woman imagine a much more content atmosphere while consuming the beverage, a viewer is assumed to believe that the beverage is what is causing the woman to have a wonderful time on the date and not the potential relationship or human interface she is participating in (this being the advertisement’s main argument). **Note: You do not need to label these steps in your essays. Long Quotations Place quotations longer than four typed lines in a free-standing block of text, and omit quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, with the entire quote indented one inch from the left margin; maintain double-spacing. Only indent the first line of the quotation by a half inch if you are citing multiple paragraphs. Your parenthetical citation should come after the closing punctuation mark. When quoting verse, maintain original line breaks. (You should maintain double-spacing throughout your essay.) For example: Nelly Dean treats Heathcliff poorly and dehumanizes him throughout her narration: They entirely refused to have it in bed with them, or even in their room, and I had no more sense, so, I put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it would be gone on the morrow. By chance, or else attracted by hearing his voice, it crept to Mr. Earnshaw's door, and there he found it on quitting his chamber. Inquiries were made as to how it got there; I was obliged to confess, and in recompense for my cowardice and inhumanity was sent out of the house. (Bronte 78) Adding or Omitting Words in Quotations If you add a word or words in a quotation, you should put brackets around the words to indicate that they are not part of the original text. Jan Harold Brunvand, in an essay on urban legends, states: "some individuals [who retell urban legends] make a point of learning every rumor or tale" (78). If you omit a word or words from a quotation, you should indicate the deleted word or words by using ellipsis marks, which are three periods (...) preceded and followed by a space. For example: In an essay on urban legends, Jan Harold Brunvand notes that "some individuals make a point of learning every recent rumor or tale (...) and in a short time a lively exchange of details occurs" (78). A Quotation within a Quotation Use single quotations inside of double quotations when the source you’re quoting was quoting another source. According to Greg Critser, author of Supersize Me, the founder of McDonald’s was at first reluctant to supersize: “Wallerstein could not convince Ray Croc, McDonald’s founder, to sign on to the idea (…). ‘If people want more fries,’ Kroc would say, ‘then they can buy two bags’” (98). In-Text Citations MLA format requires the author-page method of in-text citation. This means that the author’s last name and the page number(s) of the source must be included after the quote or paraphrase, and a complete reference for the source should appear on your Works Cited page at the end of your essay. The author's name may appear either in the sentence itself or in parentheses following the quotation or paraphrase, but the page number(s), if there are any, should always appear in the parentheses, not in the text of your sentence. For example: When you don’t mention the author in the sentence, the in-text citation should look like this: Romantic poetry is characterized by the “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (Wordsworth 263). When you do mention the author in the sentence, the in-text citation should look like this: Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings” (263). When you do mention the author in the sentence, and there aren’t any page numbers, no parenthetical citation is needed! Wordsworth stated that Romantic poetry was marked by a “spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings.” Works Cited • • • • • Begin your Works Cited page on a separate page at the end of your research paper. It should have the same one-inch margins and last name/page number header as the rest of your paper. Label the page “Works Cited.” Do not italicize the words Works Cited or put them in quotation marks. Center the words Works Cited at the top of the page. Double space all citations, but do not add extra spaces between entries. Indent the second and subsequent lines of citations by 0.5 inches. Works cited entries should be listed alphabetically by the author’s last name. Author names are written last name first. If there is no author, then you alphabetize by the first word of the entry. New 2016 MLA 8th edition: When deciding how to cite each source, start by consulting the list of core elements. These are the general pieces of information that MLA suggests including in each Works Cited entry. In your citation, the elements should be listed in the following order: 1. Author. 2. Title of source. 3. Title of container, 4. Other contributors, 5. Version, 6. Number, 7. Publisher, 8. Publication date, 9. Location. Each element should be followed by the punctuation mark shown above. *The “container” is the larger work that a source comes from. For instance, the container for a scholarly article would be the scholarly journal it was published in. Example Entries of Common Sources Book Last name, First name. Title of Book. Publisher, Publication Date. Example Gleick, James. Chaos: Making a New Science. Penguin, 1987. Online News Article Name of the author or editor. “Title of article.” Title of the website, in italics, Date of publication, URL. Date of access. Example Lundman, Susan. "Why Facebook Can Destroy a Relationship." The New York Times, 5 June 2014, www.nytimes.com/why-facebook-can-destroy_424.html. Accessed 6 July 2015. Article in a Scholarly Journal Author(s). “Title of article.” Title of journal, volume, issue, publication year, pages, URL. Date of access. Example Wheelis, Mark and Maria Nozario. "Investigating Disease Outbreaks." Emerging Infectious Diseases, vol. 6, no. 6, 2000, pp. 595-600, wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/6/6/000607_article. Accessed 8 Feb. 2009. YouTube Video “Title of video.” YouTube, name of uploader, date of upload, URL. Example “8 Hot Dog Gadgets put to the Test.” YouTube, uploaded by Crazy Russian Hacker, 6 Jun. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=WBlpjSEtELs. Film Name of the director. Film title. The film studio or distributor, the release year. Example Lucas, George, director. Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope. Twentieth Century Fox, 1977. Tweet Twitter handle. Text of tweet. Publisher, Date published, time posted, URL. Example @tombrokaw. "SC demonstrated why all the debates are the engines of this campaign." Twitter, 22 Jan. 2012, 3:06 a.m., twitter.com/tombrokaw/status/160996868971704320. A Personal Interview Interviewee name. Personal interview. Date interview was conducted. Example Navario, Maria. Personal interview. 19 May 2016. Works Cited Dean, Cornelia. "Executive on a Mission: Saving the Planet." New York Times, 22 May 2007, http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/22/science/earth/22ander.html?_r=0. Accessed 12 May 2016. Ebert, Roger. "An Inconvenient Truth." Review of An Inconvenient Truth, directed by Davis Guggenheim. rogerebert.com, 1 June 2006, http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/aninconvenient-truth-2006. Accessed 15 June 2016. An Inconvenient Truth. Directed by Davis Guggenheim, performances by Al Gore and Billy West, Paramount, 2006. Leroux, Marcel. Global Warming: Myth Or Reality?: The Erring Ways of Climatology. Springer, 2005. Milken, Michael, Gary Becker, Myron Scholes, and Daniel Kahneman. "On Global Warming and Financial Imbalances." New Perspectives Quarterly, vol. 23, no. 4, 2006, pp. 63. Nordhaus, William D. "After Kyoto: Alternative Mechanisms to Control Global Warming." American Economic Review, vol. 96, no. 2, 2006, pp. 31-34. ---. "Global Warming Economics." Science, vol. 294, no. 5545, 9 Nov. 2001, pp. 1283-84, DOI: 10.1126/science.1065007. Regas, Diane. “Three Key Energy Policies That Can Help Us Turn the Corner on Climate.” Environmental Defense Fund, 1 June 2016, www.edf.org/blog/2016/06/01/3-key energypolicies-can-help-us-turn-corner-climate. Accessed 19 July 2016. Uzawa, Hirofumi. Economic Theory and Global Warming. Cambridge UP, 2003. Researching Credible Sources Grossmont College Why research? Because in order to convince our readers that what we believe is true, we must take other opinions and facts into account. When readers see that you have done this, they respect you more and think that you are qualified to write about your subject matter. Navigating Grossmont College’s Library Web Site and the Internet for Credible Research Sources Below are hyperlinks that provide shortcuts to different areas of Grossmont College’s library web site. There are also descriptions which are meant to help you navigate through the different kinds of sources available. Here is the link to the library’s main page: http://www.grossmont.edu/student-services/library/default.aspx 1. Books: a. https://gcccd.sirsi.net/uhtbin/cgisirsi/x/x/0/49/ b. Try different phrases until you get the results you want. Using a Title key word search is probably the best way to go. c. You can limit your search to just Grossmont College Library. However, if you find a book at Cuyamaca or SDSU, you can drive there or request them via Interlibrary Loan. d. There are e-books as well that you can read online, but make sure these are not merely selfpublished books you found on Google. e. Make sure your books are current and avoid outdated statistics or evidence. Unless you are trying to establish a historical precedent regarding your topic, your book should be no more than 5 years old. 2. Journal & Newspaper Article Databases: a. http://libguides.grossmont.edu/az.php b. Gale Academic Onefile, Academic Search Premier, and Gale General Onefile are just a few popular article databases that have a wide range of topics. c. For credible journal articles, you should check the box that says “Scholarly” or “Peer Reviewed.” d. Also, consider searching for only full-text documents. You can print and read these right from the internet; whereas, others may only give you the first paragraph because Grossmont College does not subscribe to that particular site. However, sometimes with a good Google search, you can find a free version of an article on another site. e. Take note of the suggested topics listed at the top of the page. They are meant to help you refine your search. Also, be willing and patient enough to play around with your search terms until you get effective results. f. Abstracts are mini-summaries of what the article is about. It can help you determine whether or not you should waste your time reading a 10-page article. g. Check out the “Cite This” link at the bottom. A lot of times it will help you MLA format your citation, making it easy to copy and paste into your Works Cited page. Remember that you will be graded on using MLA effectively. h. There are also links to print and e-mail yourself the documents, so you can access them at home. i. Unless you are trying to establish a historical precedent regarding your topic, journal articles should be no more than 5 years old, and newspaper articles should be no more than 3 years old. Usually, you can identify these date ranges in your search terms in order to weed out outdated articles. 3. Credible Online News Sources (not to be confused with web sites, which anyone can create): a. In addition to navigating Grossmont College’s library web site, you can also go to direct news sources for credible information. In addition to using the criteria listed above in #2, make sure that the news source you are using is a widely trusted source that employs professional writers who have degrees and professional experience in their field. b. Newspaper or online news sources should be as current as possible but should be no more than 3 years old. c. Below is a list of pre-approved online news sources that you can navigate for current articles on your topic of choice. Just be aware that while some sources are fairly balanced, others have a very clear political slant. ▪ The New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/ ▪ The Washington Post: https://www.washingtonpost.com/ ▪ CNN: http://www.cnn.com/ ▪ The Atlantic: http://www.theatlantic.com/ ▪ Slate: https://slate.com/ ▪ The Wall Street Journal: https://www.wsj.com/ ▪ Popular Science: http://www.popsci.com/ ▪ MSNBC: http://www.popsci.com/ ▪ Fox News: http://www.foxnews.com/ ▪ Los Angeles Times: http://www.latimes.com/ ▪ Al Jazeera: http://www.aljazeera.com/ ▪ BBC News: http://www.bbc.com/news ▪ The New Yorker: https://www.newyorker.com/ ▪ The Economist: https://www.economist.com/ ▪ Forbes: https://www.forbes.com/ ▪ Foreign Affairs: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/ ▪ The Guardian: https://www.theguardian.com/world ▪ Business Insider: https://www.businessinsider.com/ Ask a Librarian: d. http://www.questionpoint.org/crs/servlet/org.oclc.admin.BuildForm?&page=frame&institution= 12728&type=2&language=1 e. You can get a hold of a librarian via e-mail, phone, in-person at a reference desk, or even via instant chat (this one is usually 24 hours a day). Spectrum of Credibility *When in doubt, if you are not sure about the credibility of a source, you can contact a librarian or your instructor for more help. Books and journals articles must go through a long and arduous fact-checking process by professionals (sometimes years!), whereas newspaper articles (both print and online) are published so frequently that there is not much time for fact-checking. Finally, web sites are least credible since they are updated by people who are not necessarily professional writers or experts in the content area. Books→Journal Articles→Newspaper Articles→Web Sites or Blogs
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