ETHICS CHALLENGE [LO10-2]
Haley Romeros had just been appointed vice president of the Rocky Mountain Region of the Bank Services
Corporation (BSC). The company provides check processing services for small banks. The banks send
checks presented for deposit or payment to BSC, which records the data on each check in a computerized
database. BSC then sends the data electronically to the nearest Federal Reserve Bank check-clearing center
where the appropriate transfers of funds are made between banks. The Rocky Mountain Region has three
check processing centers, which are located in Billings, Montana; Great Falls, Montana, and Clayton,
Idaho. Prior to her promotion to vice president, Ms. Romeros had been the manager of a check processing
center in New Jersey.
Immediately after assuming her new position, Ms. Romeros requested a complete financial report for
the just-ended fiscal year from the region's controller, John Littlebear. Ms. Romeros specified that the
financial report should follow the standardized format required by corporate headquarters for all regional
performance reports. That report follows:
Bank Services Corporation (BSC)
Rocky Mountain Region
Financial Performance
Check Processing Centers
Total Billings Great Falls Clayton
Sales....
$50,000,000 $20,000,000 $18,000,000 $12,000,000
Operating expenses:
Direct labor.
32,000,000 12,500,000 11,000,000 8,500,000
Variable overhead.
850,000 350,000 310,000 190,000
Equipment depreciation
3,900,000 1,300,000 1,400,000 1,200,000
Facility expense
2,800,000 900,000 800,000 1,100,000
Local administrative expense*
450,000 140,000 160,000 150,000
Regional administrative expenset..
1,500,000 600,000 540,000 360,000
Corporate administrative expenset.
4,750,000 1,900,000 1,710,000 1,140,000
Total operating expense.
46,250,000 17,690,000 15,920,000 12,640,000
Net operating income (loss).
$ 3,750,000 $2,310,000 $2,080,000 $ (640,000
*Local administrative expenses are the administrative expenses incurred at the check processing centers.
Regional administrative expenses are allocated to the check processing centers based on sales.
Corporate administrative expenses are charged to segments of the company such as the Rocky Mountain Region and the
check processing centers at the rate of 9.5% of their sales.
Upon seeing this report, Ms. Romeros summoned John Littlebear for an explanation.
Romeros: What's the story on Clayton? It didn't have a loss the previous year did it?
Littlebear: No, the Clayton facility has had a nice profit every year since it was opened six years ago, but
Clayton lost a big contract this year.
Romeros: Why?
Littlebear: One of our national competitors entered the local market and bid very aggressively on the
contract. We couldn't afford to meet the bid. Clayton's costs—particularly their facility expenses,
are just too high. When Clayton lost the contract, we had to lay off a lot of employees, but we could
not reduce the fixed costs of the Clayton facility.
Romeros: Why is Clayton's facility expense so high? It's a smaller facility than either Billings or Great
Falls and yet its facility expense is higher.
Littlebear: The problem is that we are able to rent suitable facilities very cheaply at Billings and Great
Falls. No such facilities were available at Clayton; we had them built. Unfortunately, there were big
cost overruns. The contractor we hired was inexperienced at this kind of work and in fact went
bankrupt before the project was completed. After hiring another contractor to finish the work, we
were way over budget. The large depreciation charges on the facility didn't matter at first because we
didn't have much competition at the time and could charge premium prices.
Romeros: Well we can't do that anymore. The Clayton facility will obviously have to be shut down. Its
business can be shifted to the other two check processing centers in the region.
Littlebear: I would advise against that. The $1,200,000 in depreciation at the Clayton facility is
misleading. That facility should last indefinitely with proper maintenance. And it has no resale value;
there is no other commercial activity around Clayton.
Romeros: What about the other costs at Clayton?
Littlebear: If we shifted Clayton's business over to the other two processing centers in the region, we
wouldn't save anything on direct labor or variable overhead costs. We might save $90,000 or so in
local administrative expense, but we would not save any regional administrative expense and
corporate headquarters would still charge us 9.5% of our sales as corporate administrative expense.
In addition, we would have to rent more space in Billings and Great Falls in order to handle the
work transferred from Clayton; that would probably cost us at least $600,000 a year. And don't
forget that it will cost us something to move the equipment from Clayton to Billings and Great Falls.
And the move will disrupt service to customers.
Romeros: I understand all of that, but a money-losing processing center on my performance report is
completely unacceptable.
Littlebear: And if you shut down Clayton, you are going to throw some loyal employees out of work.
Romeros: That's unfortunate, but we have to face hard business realities.
Littlebear: And you would have to write off the investment in the facilities at Clayton.
Romeros: I can explain a write-off to corporate headquarters; hiring an inexperienced contractor to build
the Clayton facility was my predecessor's mistake. But they'll have my head at headquarters if I
show operating losses every year at one of my processing centers. Clayton has to go. At the next
corporate board meeting, I am going to recommend that the Clayton facility be closed.
Required:
1. From the standpoint of the company as a whole, should the Clayton processing center be shut down
and its work redistributed to other processing centers in the region? Explain.
2. Do you think Haley Romeros's decision to shut down the Clayton facility is ethical? Explain.
3. What influence should the depreciation on the facilities at Clayton have on prices charged by Clayton
for its services?
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