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Q1\ Review the PPT in attaches and answers the following questions in word form (short answer)

  • Disadvantages of SDLC approach
  • Disadvantages of agile approach
  • What are the similarities and differences in Agile Development and Design Thinking?
  • What are the pros and cons of cloud computing from an organizational perspective?
  • What are the problems with state-level privacy legislation?
  • With a time machine, which option would be best for tech firms?Citizens?

Are they the same for SaaS?

  • Company driven policies with FTC oversight
  • FTC driven federal policies
  • State level policies
  • Other?

THE SECOND QUESTION IS IN THE ATTACHMENTS

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Information Systems and Data Analytics How do we effectively develop, deploy and manage information systems? As a data driven manager, what are the challenges in the coming years? Strategy Triangle Business Strategy Organizational Strategy Information Strategy This lesson is an overview of just some of the CIO challenges in the areas of IS development, deployment and management • Development – ROI justification for IS projects – Traditional vs. Agile – Design thinking • Deployment – Cloud computing / SaaS • Management – Data security and privacy – Business continuity planning • Alignment – SOA DEVELOPMENT Methodology Selection • System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) vs. Agile approach – SDLC, sometimes called a waterfall approach, is a linear and comprehensive process for information system development – Whether your consultant uses a 5, 7, or 9 step SDLC, the process is still basically preliminary investigation, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) • Preliminary Investigation – Identify the objectives of the new IS and “make a case” for it • Analysis – Fully understand the logical system • WHAT the information system will do, not HOW it will do it • Design – Determine how to convert the logical design into a physical design • Implementation – Install, test and implement the new system • Maintenance – Insure that the system continues to meet the needs of the users IN CLASS DISCUSSION: Advantages of SDLC approach • Forces a systematic, structured process • Enforces quality and maintains standards • Lower probability of missing important issues in collecting user requirements Disadvantages of SDLC approach Agile Development Methodologies CIO Reading Agile Programming • Responding to the need for more timely development, agile methodologies have been developed • “Evolutionary delivery” Iterative (or phased) Life Cycle http://www.izenbridge.com/blog/project-management-life-cycle-iterative-adaptive/ • Iterative and incremental life cycles are ones in which project phases (also called iterations) intentionally repeat one or more project activities as the project team’s understanding of the product increases. Iterations develop the product through a series of repeated cycles, while increments successively add to the functionality of the product. – Used for projects where change in the scope need to be managed – Plan is detailed for coming iterations and high level vision is created for rest – Change during the project is naturally handled in upcoming iterations – The end result is delivered at the end of each iteration – E.g. a yearlong project will have 3 months iterations and each iteration will execute Planning, Analysis, Design, Code, Testing phases and deliver the result at the end of the iteration Iterative Project Management • A working solution is delivered from every iteration • Objective is to show an intermediate/ incomplete solution and ask for feedback • These changes are integrated and another incomplete solution is produced Agile (Adaptive) Life Cycle http://www.izenbridge.com/blog/project-management-life-cycle-iterative-adaptive/ • “Adaptive life cycles (also known as change-driven or agile methods) are intended to respond to high levels of change and ongoing stakeholder involvement. Adaptive methods are also iterative and incremental, but differ in that iterations are very rapid (usually with duration of 2 to 4 weeks)” – Used for projects where rapid changes are expected and scope is not possible to define up front – Scope is decomposed into a set of requirements known as product backlog and getting picked as per priority from the set in every iteration – Project phases proceed through sequential or overlapping mode in every iteration – Change during the project is naturally handled in rapid iterations – The end result is delivered at the end of each 2-4 week iteration Agile Life Cycle http://www.izenbridge.com/blog/project-management-life-cycle-iterative-adaptive/ • “Adaptive life cycles (also known as change-driven or agile methods) are intended to respond to high levels of change and ongoing stakeholder involvement. Adaptive methods are also iterative and incremental, but differ in that iterations are very rapid (usually with duration of 2 to 4 weeks)” – E.g. a yearlong project will have multiple 2-4 week iteration and each iteration will execute Planning, Analysis, Design, Code, Testing phases and deliver the result at the end of the iteration • Intermediate versions are released to a focus group every 2-4 weeks • Fully supported production versions of partial solutions are released to the end user quarterly or semi-annually IN CLASS DISCUSSION: Advantages of agile approach • Systems can be deployed quickly • Helps clarify user requirements • Works well for ill-defined or evolving problems • Promotes user participation and close work relationships between developers and users Disadvantages of agile approach DEVELOPMENT: Design Thinking • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7sEoEvT8l8 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_r0VX-aU_T8 (4 minutes) IN CLASS DISCUSSION: What are the similarities and differences in Agile Development and Design Thinking? AGILE DESIGN THINKING DEPLOYMENT Cloud Computing • Dynamic provisioning of IT capabilities (hardware, software, or services) from third parties over a network – In this model of computing, all the servers, networks, applications are made available to IT and end users via the Internet, in a way that allows IT to buy only the type and amount of computing services that they need – The cloud model differs from traditional outsourcers in that customers don't hand over their own IT resources to be managed. Instead they plug into the "cloud" for infrastructure services, platform (operating system) services, or software services • Treating the "cloud" much as they would an internal data center Cloud Computing: Pros • Quick deployment – Add capacity or applications almost at a moment's notice • Metered cost – Pay-as-you-go approach for storage, processing and applications means more efficient use of IT spending • Little or no capital investment – Costs don't stay on the books for years • Little or no maintenance cost • Lower costs – Many customers use the same infrastructure, so the vendor is able to buy in bulk and amortize costs over more customers, potentially lowering per-unit cost to each customer DEPLOYMENT Software as a Service (Saas) SaaS is software that’s developed and hosted by the SaaS vendor and which the end user customer accesses over the Internet. Unlike traditional packaged applications…the SaaS vendor owns the software and runs it on computers in its data center. The customer does not own the software but effectively rents it, usually for a monthly fee. SaaS is sometimes also known as…“on-demand.” 10 FAQs about SaaS https://www.softwareadvice.com/resources/saas-10-faqs-software-service/ CLASS DISCUSISON: What are the pros and cons of cloud computing from an organizational perspective? Are they the same for SaaS? MANAGEMENT: Data Security • IS security and data privacy could easily be course unto itself • Virtually every topic we have discussed (ERP, mobile BI, big data) has its own particular security concerns • Broadly, the security lifecycle is protect, detect and react Security in Electronic Transactions Figure 15.7 on p. 661 in Turban et. al. It is plain stupid to use something that you can’t change and that you leave everywhere every day as a security token”, said Frank Rieger, spokesperson of the CCC MANAGEMENT: Data Privacy • European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) MANAGEMENT: Data Privacy • European Union General Data Protection Regulation (EU GDPR) – https://eugdpr.org/the-regulation/ • Increased territorial scope – all companies processing the personal data of data subjects residing in the Union • Substantially increased penalties – rules apply to both controllers and processors – meaning ‘clouds’ are not exempt from GDPR enforcement • Clear consent (and option to change consent) – companies are no longer able to use long illegible terms and conditions full of legalese MANAGEMENT: Data Privacy • Consumer Privacy Bill of Rights Act – proposed in 2015 – Give consumers more control over their data – Require companies to be clear about their stewardship over data • Develop their own policies but meet requirements/inspection of Federal Trade Commission (FTC) – Established fines based upon the number of days in violation MANAGEMENT: Data Privacy • Customer Online Notification for Stopping Edge-Provider Network Transgressions (Consent) – proposed in 2018 – Require FTC to develop policies • Reasonable data security practices • Notifying users in the event of a breach • Notifying users about collection and use of personal information • Require opt-in consent to use, share or sell personal information MANAGEMENT: Data Privacy • Without movement on a national data security policy, some states are developing their own – California Consumer Privacy Act – passed August 2018 and will become effective 2020 • Strongly opposed by large technology companies, including Amazon, Microsoft, Facebook, Google, etc. IN CLASS DISCUSSION: What are the problems with statelevel privacy legislation? IN CLASS DISCUSSION: With a time machine, which option would be best for tech firms? Citizens? (A)Company driven policies with FTC oversight (B) FTC driven federal policies (C) State level policies (D)Other? Strategy Triangle Business Strategy HOW? Organizational Strategy Information Strategy Relationship Between Business, IS and IT Strategies Figure 12.4 (Figure 13.2) Strategic Alignment • Aligning IS strategy so that IS priorities, decisions and projects are consistent with the needs of the entire business – Linear • Timely? • Cost effective? • Agile? Beyond Alignment King (2010) • Vanguard, Zappos, Southwest, Progressive, P&G…IT doesn’t just support the business; it enables and continually transforms the business, often creating new revenue and profit streams How did these companies align strategy and IT? • Shared vision – “an enterprise vision or goal hovers above every department and project plan and is crystal clear to every employee” • Job rotation – Everyone needs to know the business and speak the same language • Every employee at Progressive takes a insurance course • Comparison pricing from their web site so IT needs to understand insurance pricing Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) • The goal of SOA is to allow fairly large chunks of functionality to be strung together to form ad hoc applications which are built almost entirely from existing software services. • Timely, cost-effective and agile? – The great promise of SOA is that the marginal cost of creating the nth application is zero, as all of the software required already exists to satisfy the requirements of other applications. – Only orchestration is required to produce a new application. – Services are developed using traditional languages like Java, C#, C++ or Cobol • Underlying and enabling all of this is metadata which describes not only the characteristics of these services, but also the data that drives them Is SOA a technology? A Product? • SOA is an architecture and requires a retooled IT infrastructure • SOA effort can be incremental, gradually replacing traditional applications – Can take 5 or more years to fully deploy • Requires a different skill set in IT – Object orientation, business analysts, data architects Achieving the promise of SOA requires firm commitment from the CIO – with support from the rest of the business – to think differently. Gruman, 2006 Alignment can’t happen with a CEO (or CIO) who views IS/IT as technicians Business Strategy LEADERSHIP Perhaps the driver has been this corner all along? Organizational Strategy Information Strategy “The lines between IT and business are blurring…and it’s clear that someone has to manage both.” Q1\ Review the PPT in attaches and answers the following questions in word form (short answer) 1234- Disadvantages of SDLC approach Disadvantages of agile approach What are the similarities and differences in Agile Development and Design Thinking? What are the pros and cons of cloud computing from an organizational perspective? Are they the same for SaaS? 5- What are the problems with state-level privacy legislation? 6- With a time machine, which option would be best for tech firms? Citizens? A. Company driven policies with FTC oversight B. FTC driven federal policies C. State level policies D. Other? Q2\ After reading Von Simson's (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. description of the evolution of the CIO position and the lecture, discussion, notes and readings about the development, deployment and management of IS, what does the future hold for the CIO position? What will the career path look like? If we were writing a book for CIOs in training (CIO for Dummies? Worst Case-Scenario Survival Handbook: CIO Edition?), we would definitely need a chapter on _____. Make a pitch for your chapter. Why is that skill/topic so critical to the CIOs of today and tomorrow? Outline the chapter material. This is not intended to be a research project, but you may choose to incorporate additional readings. If so, please make sure you include the citations. Suggested page length 2-3 pages.
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RUNNING HEAD: SDLC AND AGILE APPROACH

SDLC and Agile Approach
Student Name
Institution Affiliation
Date

1

SDLC AND AGILE APPROACH
Question 1
1. Disadvantages of SDLC approach
i.

Does not have enough room for iteration

ii.

Slow when responding to changes

iii.

Time-consuming

2. Disadvantages of agile approach
i.

Little emphasis on required design and documentation

ii.

Easy to get off track due to unclear customer requirements

iii.

Its complex hence has no room for new programmers

3. What are the similarities and differences in Agile Development and Design Thinking?
Similarities
i.

They both use a similar iterative process

ii.

They both seek frequent input from the end user in order to determine the
outcome

Differences
i.

Agile is mainly involved in problem-solving while design thinking in more
involved in problem finding

ii.

The agile approach works consistently with the end user requirements while
design thinking is more centered towards defining the problem and finding
alternative solutions.

4. What are the pros and cons of cloud computing from an organizational perspective?
Pros
i.

The minimum cost which gives organizations other operational expense
opportunities

2

SDLC AND AGILE APPROACH
ii.

Offers an organization eas...


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