You are going to review all the presidential chapters in the text from Chapter 9 to Chapter 14. You are going to review the lectures on the modern presidents and then you will choose TWO presidents from this list: Grover Cleveland, Woodrow Wilson, John Kennedy, Lyndon Johnson, and Ronald Reagan. You are going to use the text, lecture, and video information to compare and contrast the two presidents of your choice as domestic leaders and foreign policy leaders. Finally of all the modern presidents you are to tell which one you feel is the best and highest rated president of all the modern presidents and why. You are to respond to TWO other students by agreeing or disagreeing with their choices.  The text book : https://filebin.net/iduwvf2ipacnr6ke download the file and open icon ( startup.htm ) the text book will open and you can read Chapter 9 to Chapter 14 I already upload the lectures here ! The videos : Video President Lyndon Johnson https://youtu.be/mplQsOOCK1w Video President Richard Nixon https://youtu.be/xzvF7DELtDY Video President Gerald Ford https://youtu.be/O5yigFw8MoI Video President Jimmy Carter https://youtu.be/jxiF-C1_tME Video President Ronald Reagan https://youtu.be/Uc7O-SLoICw Video President George Bush https://youtu.be/Bw9UhBlFUDA Video President Bill Clinton https://youtu.be/d8MlJRfeTCk Video President George W Bush https://youtu.be/Nbky5bVi3gM Video Barrack Obama https://youtu.be/Lvi8Izju7cs Peer 1: 1st student to replySarah IsmaelWoodrow WilsonWoodrow Wilson (1856-1924) is one of the most influential and controversial US presidents of the modern era. In the eyes of a current U.S. citizen, the twenty-eighth American president who ruled from 1913 to 1921. and the inclusion of the state in World War I was a veritable set of contradictions: he became the first spokesman for the southern states to enter the White House after the Civil War, openly racist, but also a fierce progressive Democrat. 1916 Wilson participated in the presidential election with the slogan "He kept us out of war". April 2 during an extraordinary joint session of the Senate and House of Representatives, he invited Congress to declare war on Germany. As a result, Wilson is treated differently by both the more liberal section of U.S. society, which hardly reconciles his progressive policies with racist views, and the more conservative, which is visible between Wilsonian-inspired (so-called "neoconservative") and more skeptical. Outside the US, especially in Europe, Wilson also has a variety of assessments, but it can be seen that he is much more positive in the East of Berlin, including Lithuania. His statue is in Prague, and squares in his name in the Czech Republic and Poland (for example, in Poznan). This preference for Central and Eastern Europe is easy to explain to Wilson at first glance - it is often claimed that it was thanks to his vision and political pressure that many of these states, including Lithuania, were able to form.But in celebrating the centenary of the restored Lithuania, does it make sense to ask whether Wilson's assessment is justified? Does the historical analysis of Wilson and Wilsonism justify our understanding? The biggest problem with radical ideological foreign (and domestic) politics is its unintended consequences. They occur when policies are shaped not by careful analysis of the historical and cultural context of society, but by the desired vision of the future world. It then neglects circumstances that contradict the vision, which may subsequently subvert the vision in various forms. Wilson's vision of the European order, based on it, was rooted in a radical ideology that was alien to European countries at the time, creating a postwar system with different principles, thus opening a hole in the twentieth century. totalitarian forces to dominate the region. Historians often refer to World War II as the result of the unresolved consequences of World War I. Some argue that both wars were more intense episodes of the same Thirty War with a short period of ceasefire between them. One thing is clear: the political decisions at the end of World War I had a profound influence on the further history of 20th century Europe. Undoubtedly, the consequences of President Woodrow Wilson's policy in Europe for Lithuania were much wider than hitherto stated. The involvement of the United States in World War I and the Wilson Peoples' right of self-determination were important factors in the restoration of the Lithuanian state. US military involvement meant that Germany, which had almost won the war after the Russian Bolshevik coup, had become much more difficult. In addition to direct military pressure on Germany, it was also political: open support for self-determination set a precedent for Lithuania to recover.However, the unintended consequences of Wilson's same policy had a strong destructive effect on the region of Central and Eastern Europe. At the initiative of Wilson, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, which united lands to the east and southeast of Germany, collapsed. The Austro-Hungarian Empire, which at the end of its existence was probably a confederation of peoples resembling the present European Union, was not a strong state but played an important unifying role in the region. As it collapsed, a power vacuum was created in the region, which none of the newly created or established states could fill due to various conflicts between them. The most famous attempt to re-unite these lands - the Józef Pi?sudski Mediterranean Project - collapsed back in the 1920s. on the anger between Lithuania, Poland, Ukraine, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and other states that had formed a conglomerate.Lyndon JohnsonLyndon Johnson was born into a family of Texas farmers. He spent most of his childhood and life in this hot southern state. The future leader became involved in civic activism from an early age. Even at school he was class president. After receiving a general education, a talented student did not think much about choosing a high school education, enrolling in 1926 at Texas Pedagogical College. His student years were also interesting and adventurous. A Democrat student edited the college's periodical, The College Star, and actively participated in various political campaigns. Along with studying at the college, he also began his teaching career. In 1928, Johnson abandoned his lectures and traveled to the small town of Kotula, where he taught segregated Mexican children English and other basic disciplines.The era of teacher presidency coincided with the most difficult period of twentieth-century history. The former senator had a legacy of Kennedy killed for unknown reasons. He also had to deal with the hyperactive generation of baby boomers, punks, "New Leftists" and other radical groups after 1945. The Texas politician was also responsible for overcoming the difficulties of the well-known Cold War. So, of course, he made many mistakes and made many useless steps in foreign policy. Nevertheless, the Southern Democrat is still seen as a successful leader. Until the 1960s, freedom for most of American society meant only the safe conduct of financial transactions. Most of the population was obsessed with the illusion of easy wealth. They did not think of the oppressed and the destitute of the oppressed and destitute. The state was seen as a necessary evil and a demonized structure created for the oppression of the individual. Lyndon Johnson challenged the notion of a "glorious society" that promoted social justice and prosperity. The program of the 36th President has been profitable. During the teacher's rule, a free medical care program was established in the United States for small families, against the segregation of African Americans and other citizens, the historic "Civil Rights Act" was adopted, the foundation of the National Science Foundation. Most importantly, the strategy initiated by Johnson established a network of community colleges and increased state funding for universities. Johnson has always said that his political career has been driven by relationships with discriminated Mexican students and the sense of injustice in a small settlement. 2nd student to replyRita BahgatGrover Cleveland was an average president to begin stuff off. Grover Cleveland won the U.S. presidential election of 1884. Although he hasn't won by much, partially because of the reality of his questionable personal lives. He restricted the use of pensions from the Civil War and vetoed the Dependent Pension Bill as an unnecessary expenditure. With the enactment of the Interstate Commerce Act and the formation of the Interstate Commerce Commission, he also endorsed federal railway regulation. In 1887, Cleveland dismissed a farm-aid proposal reflecting his open support of a restricted position for government in financial and social spheres. He tried to live up to one of his favorite slogans, "A public office is a public trust," despite his perspective of limited government, so he actually moved forward as an autonomous reformer. In his reform attempts against elevated tariffs (state tax on imports), which was exceptionally high after the Civil War, one of the ways Cleveland demonstrated his reform was. He thought the surplus and reduced prices would be reduced by a reduced tariff. The tariff position of Cleveland may have been one of the conditions that caused him to lose Benjamin Harrison's election in 1888. He was re-elected in 1893 after being beaten as the first chairman ever to be re-elected. The second reign of Cleveland was said to be the least of his two periods. Gold reserves had dropped below $100 million by 1893, so Cleveland took measures to repeal the 1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act to halt the decrease in gold reserves. This resulted in the conflict between Cleveland and a youthful Nebraska congressman, William Jennings Bryan, who started to argue for a loosening of the money supply through silver currency. Bryan pointed out that when Cleveland created the cabinet, he overlooked the silver males who comprised most of the electorate and placed gold males in the cabinet. By 1894 the size of the gold reserve fell to just $41 million, so in 1895 the U.S. government purchased $65 million in gold from a group headed by banker J.P. on Wall Street. Morgan was prosecuted for it and $7 million. Cleveland was out of contact with the workforce, causing numerous accidents in 1894, such as the Homestead Strike and the Pullman Strike. Most of the Pullman Strike was the establishment of a union that appealed to all railway employees. Cleveland endorsed the federal government's authority to ensure that federal soldiers would remove infringement of the mails, although that further proved how out of touch he was with the working individuals. His involvement in the Pullman Strike was one of the factors that caused him to drastically alienate significant components in his own group, lastly leaving office in 1896. One of the biggest problems facing Grover Cleveland was that he performed badly with the press, focusing on his weight and connection with young females. During his first term, he was regarded as the best of the worst, and he tried to return authority and dignity to the president's cabinet and started making executive choices. Although he was harmed in his second term by his bad participation in the press and financial choices. Some would claim he was an above-average chairman, but it was his bad press participation that brought me down to the average rating. As time passes on and technology develops, the way the press depicts you to community performs a huge part in whether individuals like you and promote you; Grover Cleveland was an ordinary chairman.Woodrow Wilson was certainly a chairman above average. He was appointed the 28th U.S. President in 1912, but only the second Democratic President. Wilson became a very progressive chairman and something that really helped him out was coming into office with such a straightforward program as few politicians joined office like that. One of the first things he did was assist get the Underwood Tariff Bill approved, which lowered tariff prices significantly, and called on the electorate to maintain their officials in touch. That eventually resulted in the income tax amendment and income tax began to raise more money than tariffs. Wilson wished a reorganization of the banking system and a decentralized bank that would be distinct from the banking system still under the National Banking Act of the Civil War. His scheme culminated in the 1913 Federal ReserveAct calling for a national scheme of twelve national reserve districts, each with its own central bank, overseen by a Federal Reserve Board in turn. This enabled paper money issuance and worked on expanding or contracting money supply as required, as well as overseeing interest rates and currency flow. The federal trade Commission Act, not content with the Federal Reserve Board, allowed a presidentially designated commission to explore sectors engaged in interstate trade. So the Clayton Antitrust Act was adopted in 1914, Wilson and his progressive followers wished to strengthen monopolies. This law aimed its offensive methods of competition as "interlocking" directorates and cost discrimination, but its greatest success was in legalizing labor unions, peaceful picketing, and strikes; this triggered the development of organized labor. With the enactment of the Federal Farm Loan Act, Wilson and his progressive followers began their achievement in 1916. This responded to Populist farmers' requests for low-interest credit and federal support with them. In that same year, the Adamson Act became law that set the normal eight-hour working day and that with overtime prices had to be paid for as additional hours. The progressive strategies and anti-war position of Wilson allowed him to win for his second term a very close election in 1916. Although Socialists became wary of him when, on April 2, 1917, the United States joined the First World War in Europe, he shifted suddenly from anti-war to war. Progressivism slowed significantly during the second term of Wilson, but it did not end entirely. Congress enacted the Nineteenth Amendment on June 1919, which granted women the freedom to vote. The Eighteenth Amendment, the prohibition amendment, adopted by Congress in 1917, which banned the production, sale, and delivery of alcohol. Wilson tried to enforce his concept of a League of Nations numerous occasions around the end of WWI but was not successful, and he continued to try very difficult, but his perseverance pressured him to the point where he experienced a stroke. He became individually paralyzed and that's how he left office in 1920. Wilson became one of the most efficient leaders of politics, and he was also the chairman of the second "battle." There is no question that Wilson was a very productive moderate and effective moral democrat, which can be seen in-laws that I did not mention such as the Narcotics Act, the Mann Act, the LaFollette Act, and ChildLabor Laws. Wilson understood the state scheme well and trusted in the government's public morality. He was a very successful president, but I didn't notice anything exceptional to bring him to the next stage and offer him the "elevated" rating. That's why I certainly think Woodrow Wilson was a president above average.